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Questions and Answers
Which structure makes up the anterior section of the nasal septum?
Which structure makes up the anterior section of the nasal septum?
What is the role of the turbinates or conchae in the nasal cavity?
What is the role of the turbinates or conchae in the nasal cavity?
Which paranasal sinus is located above the upper jaw?
Which paranasal sinus is located above the upper jaw?
Which part of the pharynx is located posterior to the oral cavity?
Which part of the pharynx is located posterior to the oral cavity?
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What structure separates the nasal cavity into two chambers?
What structure separates the nasal cavity into two chambers?
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What is the main purpose of the eustachian tube in the nasopharynx?
What is the main purpose of the eustachian tube in the nasopharynx?
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Which component is NOT a part of the outer portion of the nose?
Which component is NOT a part of the outer portion of the nose?
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What function do the paranasal sinuses serve aside from providing mucus?
What function do the paranasal sinuses serve aside from providing mucus?
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How does the soft palate function during swallowing?
How does the soft palate function during swallowing?
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What is a primary function of the upper airway?
What is a primary function of the upper airway?
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Which component is part of the internal structure of the nose?
Which component is part of the internal structure of the nose?
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What anatomical feature is primarily responsible for increasing contact area for inspired gas in the nasal cavity?
What anatomical feature is primarily responsible for increasing contact area for inspired gas in the nasal cavity?
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In which section of the pharynx would you find the pharyngeal tonsils located?
In which section of the pharynx would you find the pharyngeal tonsils located?
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What role do the paranasal sinuses play in relation to the nasal cavity?
What role do the paranasal sinuses play in relation to the nasal cavity?
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Which of the following best describes the primary structure that forms the roof of the nasal cavity?
Which of the following best describes the primary structure that forms the roof of the nasal cavity?
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What anatomical structure does the soft palate close off during swallowing?
What anatomical structure does the soft palate close off during swallowing?
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Which of the following is NOT a function of the nose?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the nose?
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What type of cartilage predominantly forms the lower two thirds of the outer nose?
What type of cartilage predominantly forms the lower two thirds of the outer nose?
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Which part of the pharynx is directly involved with the auditory function?
Which part of the pharynx is directly involved with the auditory function?
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Study Notes
Respiratory System Anatomy
- The upper airway consists of the nose, oral cavity, and pharynx.
- Primary functions of upper airway include: conduction of air, filtering, speech, and smell.
- The nose is divided into two chambers by the nasal septum.
- The nasal septum is composed of the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone, vomer, septal cartilage, nasal bones, frontal process of the maxilla, cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone, and palatine process of the maxilla and palatine bones.
- The outer portion of the nose features nasal bones and frontal process of the maxilla (upper third or bridge), lateral nasal cartilage, greater alar cartilage, lesser alar cartilages, and fibrous fatty tissue (lower two thirds).
- The nose's internal portion features the nasal septum which separates the nasal cavity into two chambers.
- The nasal cavity's roof features nasal bones with the frontal process of the maxilla and cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone.
- The nasal cavity's floor contains the palatine process of the maxilla and palatine bones.
- The posterior portion of the nasal cavity is formed by the superior portion of the soft palate..
- Air conduction includes: nostrils (nares), vestibule with hair follicles (vibrissae - first line of defense of tracheobronchial tree), nasal passage (choanae), turbinates / conchae (bony protrusions on lateral nasal walls that increase surface area to warm, humidify & filter inspired gas).
- Paranasal sinuses are air-filled cavities in the skull that connect with the nasal cavity.
- Common paranasal sinuses include maxillary, frontal, ethmoid, and sphenoid sinuses.
- The purpose of paranasal sinuses is to provide mucus for lubrication in the nasal cavity, and also act as resonating chambers for producing sound.
- The oral cavity is an accessory respiratory passage.
- The oral cavity's roof is the hard palate, formed by the palatine process of the maxilla and palatine bones.
- The oral cavity's soft palate is a mass of collagen connecting with the uvula.
- The soft palate closes between nasal and oral cavities during swallowing or sucking/blowing.
- The oropharynx is located between the soft palate and the base of the tongue.
- The oropharynx contains the lingual tonsil at the root of the tongue.
- The laryngopharynx is located between the base of the tongue and the entrance to the esophagus.
- The epiglottis is anterior to the laryngopharynx.
- Intubation is a process used when needed to bypass the upper airway if there is excessive mucus secretions, partial or full obstruction. Air trapping (mucous plug) is also an indicator.
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Description
Explore the complex anatomy of the respiratory system, focusing on the upper airway. This quiz covers key structures such as the nose, oral cavity, and pharynx, along with their functions in air conduction, filtering, and more. Test your knowledge on the components of the nasal septum and the internal and external structures of the nose.
