Respiratory System Alarm Mechanisms

Questions and Answers

High pressure alarms can be caused by obstructions of three types: ___ action, _ action, _____ action.

kinked, unkink, cough

Low pressure alarms are triggered by _______ resistance to airflow.

decreased

Low pressure alarms can be caused by disconnections of the _ or _.

tubing, oxygen sensor tube

Respiratory alkalosis means ventilator settings may be too _______.

high Signup and view all the answers

Denial is the _ to accept the _ of their problem.

refusal, reality Signup and view all the answers

Treating denial involves ___ it by pointing out the difference between what they _ and what they _____.

confront, say, do Signup and view all the answers

The #1 problem in abuse is _______.

denial Signup and view all the answers

Dependence: When the _______ gets the Significant Other to do things for them or make decisions for them.

abuser Signup and view all the answers

What types of toys should be avoided with toddlers? Toys that require good finger control or __________.

dexterity Signup and view all the answers

Patient with ________ are dangerous to self and others

Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome Signup and view all the answers

All aminoglycosides end in _, but not all drugs that end in _ are aminoglycosides.

mycin Signup and view all the answers

Preschoolers need toys that work on fine motor skills (fingers) and __________.

balance Signup and view all the answers

The primary symptom of Cyanide is __________.

respiratory arrest Signup and view all the answers

Preschoolers like to play __________.

pretend Signup and view all the answers

The toxic effect of aminoglycosides is _ and you must monitor _.

ototoxicity Signup and view all the answers

The primary symptom of Phosgene Chlorine is __________.

choking Signup and view all the answers

The human ear is shaped like a _ so another toxic effect of aminoglycosides is _.

kidney Signup and view all the answers

When cleaning patients exposed to chemical agents, all require soap and water except __________.

Sarin Signup and view all the answers

School age (7-11 years) aka __________ are characterized by the 3 C's.

concrete Signup and view all the answers

Do not give aminoglycosides PO except in these 2 cases: 1. ___ _ (due to high _____ level).

hepatic encephalopathy Signup and view all the answers

Adolescents (12-18 years) their 'play' is __.

peer group association Signup and view all the answers

Calcium Channel blockers are like __________ for your heart.

Valium Signup and view all the answers

Negative inotropic effects refer to a __________ heart rate.

weak Signup and view all the answers

When given a variety of ages to choose from always go because children when sick.

younger Signup and view all the answers

When remembering toxic effects of mycin's think _______.

mice Signup and view all the answers

The number '_' drawn inside the ear reminds you of cranial nerve _ and frequency of administration ___.

8 Signup and view all the answers

What is the therapeutic range for INR? __________.

2-3 Signup and view all the answers

Positive chronotropic effects refer to a __________ heart rate.

fast Signup and view all the answers

Positive dromotropic effects result in an __________ heart.

excitable Signup and view all the answers

What do you do if Potassium is low? __________ heart.

Assess Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of wantabe mycins? _ , _.

Azithromycin, Clarithromycin Signup and view all the answers

Negative inotropic, chronotropic, and dromotropic effects are seen with __________.

Calcium Channel blockers Signup and view all the answers

The four defects present in Tetralogy of Fallot are _____, Pulmonary Stenosis, Overriding Aorta, and Right Hypertrophy.

Ventricular Defect Signup and view all the answers

Use the _____ numbered gaits when weakness is evenly distributed.

even Signup and view all the answers

The crutches always move with the _____ leg when going up and down stairs.

bad Signup and view all the answers

The correct way to use a walker is to pick it up, set it down, and _____ to it.

walk Signup and view all the answers

When measuring crutches for a person, do it _____ fingerwidths below the anterior axillary fold.

2-3 Signup and view all the answers

Hold the cane on the __________ side.

uneffected Signup and view all the answers

Use the _ numbered gait when one leg is ___ .

odd Signup and view all the answers

For a 2 point gait, step one involves moving one crutch and the opposite foot _____ .

together Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

High and Low Pressure Alarms

High pressure alarms are triggered by increased resistance to airflow, caused by kinks, water in tubes, or mucous in airways.
Low pressure alarms occur due to decreased resistance to airflow, linked to disconnections in tubing or oxygen sensor tubes.

Respiratory Conditions

Respiratory alkalosis indicates ventilator settings that might be too high.
Respiratory acidosis suggests ventilator settings that may be too low.
"Wean" refers to gradually decreasing support with the goal of complete cessation.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

Prioritization from highest to lowest: Physiological, Safety, Comfort, Psychological, Social, Spiritual.
Specific scenarios can be arranged by need:
- Electrolyte imbalance (Physiological)
- Fall risk (Safety)
- Pain in elbow (Comfort)
- Denial (Psychological)
- Pathological family dynamics (Social)
- Spiritual distress (Spiritual)

Stages of Grief

The five stages include: Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance.
Denial is identified as the primary issue in acute situations.

Denial Management

Address denial by highlighting discrepancies between beliefs and reality through confrontation, while providing support for grief.

Dependency and Withdrawal

Dependency is when an abuser relies on significant others for decision-making.
Patients with Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome (AWS) or Delirium Tremens (DT) present risks to themselves and others.

Treatment Settings

AWS requires a semi-private room.
DT necessitates a private room close to the nursing station.
Regular diet is suitable for AWS; DT requires clear liquids or NPO due to aspiration risk.
Medications for both AWS and DT include antihypertensives, tranquilizers, and multivitamins to prevent Wernicke's encephalopathy.

Antibiotics and Aminoglycosides

Aminoglycosides treat severe infections and are identified by the suffix "-mycin."
Examples include Streptomycin and Gentamicin.
Monitor for ototoxicity (hearing/balance) and nephrotoxicity (creatinine levels).

Toxic Exposure Symptoms

Cyanide leads to respiratory arrest treatable with Sodium Thiosulfate IV.
Phosgene chlorine causes choking; Sarin results in SLUDGE symptoms (Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, Diarrhea, Gastrointestinal upset, Emesis).
Decontamination involves soaping and water for most agents, with bleach required for Sarin.

Calcium Channel Blockers

Function as a relaxant for the heart, exhibiting negative inotropic, chronotropic, and dromotropic effects.
They treat various cardiac conditions, such as Tetralogy of Fallot.

Congenital Heart Defects

"No Trouble" congenital heart defects include patent foramen ovale and ventricular septal defect.
Tetralogy of Fallot includes four key defects: Ventricular defect, Pulmonary stenosis, Overriding aorta, and Right hypertrophy.

Gait Training

Measurement for crutches should be 2-3 finger widths below the anterior axillary fold.
Gait patterns are categorized as two-point (for minor weakness), three-point (for weight-bearing with one leg), or four-point (for significant weakness).

Age Characteristics

Preschoolers engage in cooperative and pretend play, fostering fine motor skills.
School-age children possess concrete thinking and enjoy competitive activities.
Adolescents require peer association in safe settings for social interaction.

Kidney Function and Lab Values

Creatinine levels of 0.6-1.2 mg/dL serve as indicators of kidney health.
INR monitors anticoagulant therapy, with a therapeutic range of 2-3; levels above 4 are critical and require immediate action.
Potassium (K+) normal range is 3.5-5.0; critical management is needed for any significant deviation.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

This quiz focuses on the mechanisms that trigger high and low pressure alarms in respiratory systems. It covers the causes of airflow resistance and how specific actions can mitigate these alarms. Test your knowledge on the proper responses to changes in respiratory situations.