Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the major part of respiratory defense included in the innate immune response?
What is the major part of respiratory defense included in the innate immune response?
- Sneezing
- Fever
- Cough (correct)
- Nasal congestion
What is the aim of the lung microbiome in the respiratory tract?
What is the aim of the lung microbiome in the respiratory tract?
- Maintain immune tolerance (correct)
- Induce aberrant inflammation
- Prevent antimicrobial peptide secretion
- Increase susceptibility to infection
Which of the following is NOT a non-specific secreted factor in the respiratory tract?
Which of the following is NOT a non-specific secreted factor in the respiratory tract?
- Mucus
- Collectins
- Antimicrobial peptides
- Histamines (correct)
What is essential for moving captured material, including pathogens, out of the lung?
What is essential for moving captured material, including pathogens, out of the lung?
What type of tissue is NOT included in the immune tissue of the respiratory tract?
What type of tissue is NOT included in the immune tissue of the respiratory tract?
What does the respiratory tract epithelium need to balance in response to environmental debris?
What does the respiratory tract epithelium need to balance in response to environmental debris?
What affects prevention of respiratory tract infections and vaccination response?
What affects prevention of respiratory tract infections and vaccination response?
What impairs mucociliary clearance, increasing susceptibility to infection and disease?
What impairs mucociliary clearance, increasing susceptibility to infection and disease?
Which cells in the respiratory tract sample the lung environment and present antigens to naïve T cells?
Which cells in the respiratory tract sample the lung environment and present antigens to naïve T cells?
What is the primary immunodeficiency associated with low IgA levels and potential respiratory and GI infections?
What is the primary immunodeficiency associated with low IgA levels and potential respiratory and GI infections?
Which cells play a major role in clearing pulmonary surfactant?
Which cells play a major role in clearing pulmonary surfactant?
What is the function of nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT)?
What is the function of nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT)?
Which cells form tight barriers with tight and adherens junctions in the respiratory tract?
Which cells form tight barriers with tight and adherens junctions in the respiratory tract?
What is the role of antibodies IgA and IgG in mucosal immunity?
What is the role of antibodies IgA and IgG in mucosal immunity?
Which cells dispose of inhaled microbes and suppress aberrant inflammation in the lungs?
Which cells dispose of inhaled microbes and suppress aberrant inflammation in the lungs?
What is the mechanism of IgA transcytosis across mucosal epithelial surfaces?
What is the mechanism of IgA transcytosis across mucosal epithelial surfaces?
What is the function of Type II pneumocytes in alveolar epithelium?
What is the function of Type II pneumocytes in alveolar epithelium?
What leads to recruitment of immune cells and activation of adaptive immune response in the respiratory tract?
What leads to recruitment of immune cells and activation of adaptive immune response in the respiratory tract?
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Study Notes
Respiratory Immune System Overview
- Epithelial cells form tight barriers with tight and adherens junctions
- Ciliated columnar cells aid in mucociliary transport and secrete antimicrobial factors
- Type II pneumocytes in alveolar epithelium secrete surfactant proteins and cytokines
- Resident macrophages in the lungs dispose of inhaled microbes and suppress aberrant inflammation
- Alveolar macrophages play a major role in clearing pulmonary surfactant
- Dendritic cells in the respiratory tract sample the lung environment and present antigens to naïve T cells
- Recognition of microbial pathogens by PRRs leads to recruitment of immune cells and activation of adaptive immune response
- Nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) contains immune cells that induce immune responses and activate memory cells
- Antibodies IgA and IgG play a key role in mucosal immunity
- Selective IgA deficiency (SIgAD) is a primary immunodeficiency associated with low IgA levels and potential respiratory and GI infections
- IgA transcytosis is mediated by the poly-Ig receptor (pIgR) across mucosal epithelial surfaces
- The germinal center reaction involves B cells undergoing somatic hypermutation and affinity maturation, and interaction with Tfh cells to induce class switching and differentiation
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