Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which instruction is correct for a patient taking an antihistamine?
Which instruction is correct for a patient taking an antihistamine?
How does the antitussive dextromethorphan (Benylin DM-E®) work to suppress the cough reflex?
How does the antitussive dextromethorphan (Benylin DM-E®) work to suppress the cough reflex?
Which antihistamine is commonly used in the treatment of motion sickness?
Which antihistamine is commonly used in the treatment of motion sickness?
During a routine checkup, the patient reports an inability to take the prescribed antihistamine because of one of its most common adverse effects. The physician prescribes another antihistamine, loratadine (Claritin®). What adverse effect has probably been bothering this patient?
During a routine checkup, the patient reports an inability to take the prescribed antihistamine because of one of its most common adverse effects. The physician prescribes another antihistamine, loratadine (Claritin®). What adverse effect has probably been bothering this patient?
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A gardener needs a decongestant because of seasonal allergy problems. Which is a benefit of orally administered decongestants?
A gardener needs a decongestant because of seasonal allergy problems. Which is a benefit of orally administered decongestants?
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A patient is taking guaifenesin (Balminil®) as part of treatment of influenza. What should the nurse also instruct the patient to do?
A patient is taking guaifenesin (Balminil®) as part of treatment of influenza. What should the nurse also instruct the patient to do?
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What systemic effect may occur with the administration of a topically applied adrenergic nasal decongestant?
What systemic effect may occur with the administration of a topically applied adrenergic nasal decongestant?
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Which drug is most likely to be chosen to aid in the removal of excessive mucus in the respiratory tract?
Which drug is most likely to be chosen to aid in the removal of excessive mucus in the respiratory tract?
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The nurse knows that an antitussive drug is most appropriate for which patient?
The nurse knows that an antitussive drug is most appropriate for which patient?
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A patient has been advised to add a nasal spray (an adrenergic decongestant) to treat a cold. What should the nurse tell the patient in regard to the nasal spray?
A patient has been advised to add a nasal spray (an adrenergic decongestant) to treat a cold. What should the nurse tell the patient in regard to the nasal spray?
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Because of many reported adverse events, which groups of children should not be given cough and cold medications?
Because of many reported adverse events, which groups of children should not be given cough and cold medications?
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A patient is taking aminophylline intravenously for a severe exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Which effect does the nurse expect to note when evaluating for a therapeutic response to the medication?
A patient is taking aminophylline intravenously for a severe exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Which effect does the nurse expect to note when evaluating for a therapeutic response to the medication?
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Which is an adverse effect associated with the use of xanthine derivatives?
Which is an adverse effect associated with the use of xanthine derivatives?
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What is the rationale for using inhaled budesonide (Pulmicort®)?
What is the rationale for using inhaled budesonide (Pulmicort®)?
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A patient has been prescribed a respiratory corticosteriod medication. What should the nurse tell this patient about the proper method for taking this medication?
A patient has been prescribed a respiratory corticosteriod medication. What should the nurse tell this patient about the proper method for taking this medication?
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The physician has prescribed fluticasone (Flovent®) to treat a patient's asthma. What important information should the nurse emphasize when teaching the patient about this medication?
The physician has prescribed fluticasone (Flovent®) to treat a patient's asthma. What important information should the nurse emphasize when teaching the patient about this medication?
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Which drug is used in the treatment of acute attacks of bronchial asthma?
Which drug is used in the treatment of acute attacks of bronchial asthma?
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A patient has prescriptions for two inhalers. One inhaler is a bronchodilator; the other is a corticosteroid. Which instruction should the nurse give the patient regarding these inhalers?
A patient has prescriptions for two inhalers. One inhaler is a bronchodilator; the other is a corticosteroid. Which instruction should the nurse give the patient regarding these inhalers?
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A patient has recently been placed on inhaled corticosteroids. Which common adverse effects should the nurse discuss with the patient?
A patient has recently been placed on inhaled corticosteroids. Which common adverse effects should the nurse discuss with the patient?
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After receiving a nebulizer treatment with a ẞ-agonist, the patient reports feeling slightly nervous and wonders whether the asthma is getting worse. What is the nurse's best answer to the patient's concern?
After receiving a nebulizer treatment with a ẞ-agonist, the patient reports feeling slightly nervous and wonders whether the asthma is getting worse. What is the nurse's best answer to the patient's concern?
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For which condition would the nurse anticipate treatment with montelukast (Singulair®)?
For which condition would the nurse anticipate treatment with montelukast (Singulair®)?
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Study Notes
Antihistamines, Decongestants, Antitussives, and Expectorants
- Antihistamines should be taken with food to minimize gastrointestinal upset, though this slightly reduces absorption.
- Dextromethorphan (Benylin DM-E®) suppresses coughing through direct action on the cough center.
- Cyproheptadine hydrochloride is a common treatment for motion sickness.
- Common adverse effect of many antihistamines is drowsiness. Loratadine (Claritin®) is a non-sedating alternative.
- Oral decongestants have a delayed onset but less rebound congestion compared to topical ones.
- Guaifenesin (Balminil®) is an expectorant; it helps loosen and liquefy secretions by increasing fluids.
- Topical nasal decongestants can cause nervousness if absorbed into the bloodstream, along with hypertension or palpitations.
Respiratory Drugs
- Bronchodilating drugs such as xanthine derivatives cause increased ease of breathing as a therapeutic response.
- Palpitations are a common adverse effect of xanthine derivatives.
- Inhaled budesonide (Pulmicort®) is an anti-inflammatory that stabilizes membranes to prevent bronchoconstricting substances release.
- Rinsing the mouth after using inhalers or nebulizers prevents fungal infections.
- Fluticasone (Flovent®) is for asthma prophylaxis and maintenance; it should be taken regularly, even when symptoms are improving.
- Salbutamol (Ventolin®) is a beta2-agonist used for acute asthma attacks.
- Montelukast (Singulair®) is an antileukotriene used for long-term treatment of asthma in adults and children.
- Corticosteroids should be taken after a bronchodilator to increase airway openness.
- Oral candidiasis and dry mouth are possible adverse effects of inhaled corticosteroids.
- Beta2-agonists can cause nervousness, tremors, and cardiac stimulation.
- Inhaled corticosteroids are for asthma prophylaxis, not acute attacks.
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Description
This quiz covers the key concepts surrounding antihistamines, decongestants, antitussives, and expectorants in respiratory medicine. It highlights their proper use, adverse effects, and therapeutic responses. Test your knowledge on these essential pharmaceuticals and their impact on respiratory health.
