Respiratory Depth and Rhythm Assessment

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Questions and Answers

Match the following respiratory terms with their descriptions:

Eupnea = Normal breathing Tachypnea = Abnormally rapid breathing Bradypnea = Abnormally slow breathing Apnea = Temporary cessation of breathing

Match the following respiratory terms with their descriptions:

Orthopnea = Breathing is easier in an upright position Hyperventilation = Increased rate and depth of breathing Hypoventilation = Decreased rate and depth of breathing Cheyne-Stokes breathing = Periods of deep breathing alternate with apnea

Match the following blood pressure terms with their definitions:

Systolic Pressure = Pressure when the left ventricle contracts Diastolic Pressure = Pressure when the ventricles relax Pulse pressure = Difference between systolic and diastolic pressure Cardiac output = Heart rate multiplied by stroke volume

Match the following short-term BP regulation mechanisms with their descriptions:

<p>Neural regulation = Changes in heart rate and vascular smooth muscle in response to baroreceptors Humoral regulation = Release of epinephrine and vasopressin to increase heart rate and vasoconstriction Baroreceptors = Pressure-sensitive receptors in the heart and arterial walls Vasopressin = Stimulated by decreased blood pressure and volume to cause vasoconstriction</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following long-term BP regulation concepts with their functions:

<p>Regulation through the kidneys = Regulating extracellular volume to maintain equilibrium in blood pressure Extracellular volume regulation = Controlling blood pressure when the body has too much extracellular fluid Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system = Causing vasoconstriction to increase blood pressure through angiotensin 2 Equilibrium point regulation = Functioning to regulate blood pressure for a person's balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following with their related body part for assessing blood pressure:

<p>Brachial artery = Most commonly used to assess BP Popliteal artery = Not commonly used for assessing BP Radial artery = Place BP cuff on the forearm Axillary artery = Contraindicated for assessing BP</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following with their contraindications for obtaining blood pressure on a specific arm:

<p>Axillary node dissections or Mastectomy side = Contraindicated for obtaining BP On-going IV infusion or blood transfusion = Contraindicated for obtaining BP Arteriovenous fistula or shunt = Contraindicated for obtaining BP Injuries, cast = Contraindicated for obtaining BP</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following with their impact on blood pressure readings:

<p>Differences in B/P readings between arms = Check B/P on both arms at first assessment Forearm measurement is higher than upper arm = Radial artery assessment Position of the wrist relative to the heart = Readings affected by this factor Obesity = Suggested alternative for obtaining readings in an obese patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following with their recommended actions for assessing blood pressure at the radial artery:

<p>Place BP cuff on the forearm = Recommended action for assessing B/P at radial artery Place stethoscope over the radial artery = Recommended action for assessing B/P at radial artery Ensure the wrist is elevated to the level of the heart = Recommended action for assessing B/P at radial artery Use arm with the higher pressure when not contraindicated = Action related to brachial artery assessment</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following with their specific conditions requiring doctor's orders for blood pressure assessment:

<p>Pre and post op = Specific doctor's order required for blood pressure assessment No BP or blood draw in left arm = Specific doctor's order required for blood pressure assessment Specific doctor's order = Required under certain conditions for blood pressure assessment Use arm with the higher pressure when not contraindicated = General instruction related to blood pressure assessment</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following with their description:

<p>Phase 1 of Korotkoff Sounds = First appearance of faint tapping and is the systolic pressure Phase 2 of Korotkoff Sounds = Muffled or swishing sound that may disappear for up to 40mmHg long then reappear Auscultatory gap = The temporary disappearance of sounds in the latter part of Phase 1 and during Phase 2 Phase III of Korotkoff Sounds = Loud sounds as the blood flows freely thru the open artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following with their role in blood pressure measurement:

<p>Phase 1 of Korotkoff Sounds = Indicates the systolic pressure Phase IV of Korotkoff Sounds = Considered to be the first diastolic pressure Auscultatory gap = Temporary disappearance of sounds during blood pressure measurement Phase V of Korotkoff Sounds = Defines diastolic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each phase of Korotkoff Sounds with its characteristic sound:

<p>Phase 1 of Korotkoff Sounds = Faint tapping Phase 2 of Korotkoff Sounds = Muffled or swishing sound Phase IV of Korotkoff Sounds = Abrupt muffled sounds with a soft blowing sound Phase V of Korotkoff Sounds = Last sound before continuous silence</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following with their significance in blood pressure measurement:

<p>Auscultatory gap = Indicates a range where sounds temporarily disappear during measurement Phase III of Korotkoff Sounds = Indicates the point where loud sounds are heard as blood flows freely through the artery Phase IV of Korotkoff Sounds = Marks the beginning of diastolic pressure Phase V of Korotkoff Sounds = Defines the end point for diastolic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each description with its corresponding phase in Korotkoff Sounds:

<p>First appearance of faint tapping and is the systolic pressure = Phase 1 of Korotkoff Sounds Abrupt muffled sounds with a soft blowing sound. Considered to be the first diastolic pressure. = Phase IV of Korotkoff Sounds Loud sounds as the blood flows freely thru the open artery = Phase III of Korotkoff Sounds Last sound before continuous silence and is used to define diastolic pressure = Phase V of Korotkoff Sounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if a person's daily energy intake is less than their total daily energy expenditure?

<p>Weight will decrease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor can increase Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)?

<p>Emotional tension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Basal Metabolism?

<p>To maintain body temperature and muscle tone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is used as an initial assessment of nutritional status?

<p>Height and weight (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition may lead to weight gain if daily energy intake exceeds total daily energy expenditure?

<p>Growth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a possible physical effect of hypothermia?

<p>Increased heart rate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of rewarming a person suffering from hypothermia?

<p>Covering with blankets (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of thermometer uses infrared sensors to detect heat emitted by the tympanic membrane?

<p>Tympanic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What types of temperatures can electronic and digital thermometers measure?

<p>Oral, rectal, and axillary temperatures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does hypothermia work to improve outcomes after cardiac arrest?

<p>By decreasing the body's metabolic rate and oxygen demand (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended action for assessing blood pressure at the radial artery?

<p>Ensure the wrist is elevated to the level of the heart (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of wrist position relative to the heart on blood pressure readings at the radial artery?

<p>Readings are higher if the wrist is above the level of the heart (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which artery is most commonly used to assess blood pressure?

<p>Brachial artery (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which condition should the arm with the higher blood pressure be used for assessment?

<p>When there are differences in blood pressure readings between arms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the radial artery becoming more commonly used for blood pressure assessment?

<p>Forearm measurement is higher than upper arm measurement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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