Respiratory Center in Physiology

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What is the primary function of the pneumotaxic center in respiration?

To provide powerful expiratory signals to the abdominal muscles

To control the 'switch-off' point of the inspiratory ramp (correct)

To limit inspiration

To transmit signals to the inspiratory area

What is the role of the ventral respiratory group of neurons during normal quiet respiration?

Remain almost totally inactive (correct)

Transmit signals to the inspiratory area

Provide powerful expiratory signals to the abdominal muscles

Contribute to both inspiration and expiration

What is the function of the Hering-Breuer inflation reflex?

To control the 'switch-off' point of the inspiratory ramp

To increase the rate of respiration

To limit inspiration

To stop further inspiration (correct)

How do excess carbon dioxide or excess hydrogen ions in the blood affect respiration?

Cause greatly increased strength of both the inspiratory and the expiratory motor signals to the respiratory muscles Signup and view all the answers

Where are the peripheral chemoreceptors located?

Carotid and aortic bodies Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of oxygen in controlling respiration?

Acts almost entirely on peripheral chemoreceptors Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about hydrogen ions in stimulating sensory neurons in the chemosensitive area?

They have a potent direct stimulatory effect on respiration Signup and view all the answers

Where is the chemosensitive area located in the respiratory center?

Lying 0.2 millimeter beneath the ventral surface of the medulla Signup and view all the answers

Where is the respiratory center located in the brain?

Medulla oblongata and pons Signup and view all the answers

Which group of neurons is responsible for mainly causing expiration?

Ventral respiratory group Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the pneumotaxic center?

Controlling rate and depth of breathing Signup and view all the answers

Where are most of the neurons of the dorsal respiratory group located?

Nucleus of the tractus solitarius (NTS) Signup and view all the answers

What serves as the sensory termination for transmitting signals into the respiratory center?

Both the vagal and glossopharyngeal nerves Signup and view all the answers

Which group of neurons plays the most fundamental role in the control of respiration?

Dorsal respiratory group Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for generating the basic rhythm of respiration?

Dorsal respiratory group Signup and view all the answers

'The nervous signal transmitted to the inspiratory muscles is not an instantaneous burst of action potentials.' What part of the respiratory center does this refer to?

Dorsal respiratory group Signup and view all the answers

What is the chronic effect of a change in blood carbon dioxide concentration on respiratory drive after a few days' adaptation?

It decreases to about one fifth the initial effect Signup and view all the answers

Where are the carotid bodies located?

In the bifurcations of the common carotid arteries Signup and view all the answers

What is the physiological response when the oxygen concentration in arterial blood falls below normal?

The chemoreceptors become strongly stimulated Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of chronic breathing of low oxygen?

The alveolar ventilation often increases 400 to 500 per cent after 2 to 3 days of low oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of pulmonary irritant receptors in the trachea and bronchi?

They stimulate bronchial constriction in diseases like asthma and emphysema Signup and view all the answers

What may give a person a feeling of dyspnea (shortness of breath)?

Engorgement of pulmonary capillaries with blood Signup and view all the answers

What is the most prevalent cause of respiratory depression and respiratory arrest?

Overdosage with anesthetics or narcotics Signup and view all the answers

Where are the aortic bodies located?

Along the arch of the aorta Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the activity of the respiratory center in the brain stem within 2 to 3 days of chronic breathing of low oxygen?

It loses about four fifths of its sensitivity to changes in Pco2 and hydrogen ions Signup and view all the answers

Respiratory Center in Physiology

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the pneumotaxic center in respiration?

What is the role of the ventral respiratory group of neurons during normal quiet respiration?

What is the function of the Hering-Breuer inflation reflex?

How do excess carbon dioxide or excess hydrogen ions in the blood affect respiration?

Where are the peripheral chemoreceptors located?

What is the role of oxygen in controlling respiration?

What is unique about hydrogen ions in stimulating sensory neurons in the chemosensitive area?

Where is the chemosensitive area located in the respiratory center?

Where is the respiratory center located in the brain?

Which group of neurons is responsible for mainly causing expiration?

What is the main function of the pneumotaxic center?

Where are most of the neurons of the dorsal respiratory group located?

What serves as the sensory termination for transmitting signals into the respiratory center?

Which group of neurons plays the most fundamental role in the control of respiration?

What is responsible for generating the basic rhythm of respiration?

'The nervous signal transmitted to the inspiratory muscles is not an instantaneous burst of action potentials.' What part of the respiratory center does this refer to?

What is the chronic effect of a change in blood carbon dioxide concentration on respiratory drive after a few days' adaptation?

Where are the carotid bodies located?

What is the physiological response when the oxygen concentration in arterial blood falls below normal?

What is the consequence of chronic breathing of low oxygen?

What is the role of pulmonary irritant receptors in the trachea and bronchi?

What may give a person a feeling of dyspnea (shortness of breath)?

What is the most prevalent cause of respiratory depression and respiratory arrest?

Where are the aortic bodies located?

What happens to the activity of the respiratory center in the brain stem within 2 to 3 days of chronic breathing of low oxygen?

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