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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of long-term control medications in asthma therapy?
What is the primary purpose of long-term control medications in asthma therapy?
Which step of asthma therapy includes the use of high-dose inhaled steroids combined with a long-acting B2 agonist?
Which step of asthma therapy includes the use of high-dose inhaled steroids combined with a long-acting B2 agonist?
Which of the following symptoms is NOT typically associated with inflammation?
Which of the following symptoms is NOT typically associated with inflammation?
What triggers extrinsic asthma compared to intrinsic asthma?
What triggers extrinsic asthma compared to intrinsic asthma?
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Which medication is generally used as a quick-relief option for asthma?
Which medication is generally used as a quick-relief option for asthma?
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In which step of asthma management is an inhaled steroid combined with a low-dose long-acting B2 agonist used?
In which step of asthma management is an inhaled steroid combined with a low-dose long-acting B2 agonist used?
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Which factor is a common trigger of intrinsic asthma?
Which factor is a common trigger of intrinsic asthma?
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What is one potential side effect of using inhaled steroids in asthma management?
What is one potential side effect of using inhaled steroids in asthma management?
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What is the primary mode of action for leukotriene inhibitors like Accolate?
What is the primary mode of action for leukotriene inhibitors like Accolate?
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Which delivery method is NOT commonly associated with the medication Nasalcrom?
Which delivery method is NOT commonly associated with the medication Nasalcrom?
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What is a common side effect associated with Zyflo?
What is a common side effect associated with Zyflo?
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Which medication is primarily indicated for the prophylactic management of asthma?
Which medication is primarily indicated for the prophylactic management of asthma?
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What distinguishes intrinsic asthma from extrinsic asthma?
What distinguishes intrinsic asthma from extrinsic asthma?
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What can be a consequence of not adjusting theophylline doses when using Zyflo?
What can be a consequence of not adjusting theophylline doses when using Zyflo?
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Which of the following is a benefit of using Singulair for asthma management?
Which of the following is a benefit of using Singulair for asthma management?
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Which of the following indicates an adverse effect of Accolate?
Which of the following indicates an adverse effect of Accolate?
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What is the primary action of corticosteroids like Beclomethasone in managing asthma?
What is the primary action of corticosteroids like Beclomethasone in managing asthma?
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Which of the following medications is classified as a combination drug for asthma control?
Which of the following medications is classified as a combination drug for asthma control?
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What is the most common cause of inflammation in the airways?
What is the most common cause of inflammation in the airways?
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What distinguishes extrinsic asthma from intrinsic asthma?
What distinguishes extrinsic asthma from intrinsic asthma?
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Which medication is known for daily administration for asthma control?
Which medication is known for daily administration for asthma control?
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What is a key symptom associated with the inflammation process in asthma?
What is a key symptom associated with the inflammation process in asthma?
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Which of the following statements about oral steroids and cortisol production is true?
Which of the following statements about oral steroids and cortisol production is true?
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Which type of cell is primarily involved in the exacerbation of inflammation within the respiratory system?
Which type of cell is primarily involved in the exacerbation of inflammation within the respiratory system?
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Study Notes
Respiratory Care Pharmacology - Unit 4 A&B, Test 4
- Aerosolized Drugs and Common Names: Common names and delivery methods (Oral, SVN, MDI, DPI) are listed.
Steroids and Combination Drugs
- Beclomethasone: Quar, MDI
- Fluticasone: Flovent, MDI/DPI
- Budesonide: Pulmicort, DPI, Pulmicort Respules, SVN, MDI
- Mometasone Furoate: Asmanex MDI
- Ciclesonide: Alvesco
- Fluticasone/salmeterol: Advair, MDI or DPI
- Budesonide/Formoterol: Symbicort/Breyna, MDI
- Mometasone/Formoterol: Dulera, MDI
Mediator Antagonists
- Cromolyn Sodium: Inhalation, eye drop, nasal solution (Nasalcrom), oral solution (Gastrocrom)
- Zafirlukast: Accolate (oral) BID
- Zileuton: Zyflo (oral) QID
- Montelukast: Singular (oral) DAILY
Other Information (From subsequent pages)
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Corticosteroids: Three types naturally occurring in the body (glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, sex hormones)
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Steroid Effects (Oral/Aerosolized): Suppress the natural production of cortisol
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Diurnal Rhythm of Steroid Secretion: Peak cortisol levels around 8 a.m, lowest around 4 a.m. This is relevant to asthma attacks in asthmatics
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Inflammation Process: Increased vascular permeability, fluid leaks into surrounding area (swelling), white blood cells (WBCs) migrate to injured areas (infiltration), Mediator cascade (histamine, chemoattractants).
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Causes of Airway Inflammation: Bronchitis and asthma
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T lymphocytes, B cells and Mast Cells: Role in inflammation, T lymphocytes release cytokines that affect other cells; B cells support the process, Mast cells are major effector cells
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Steroid Actions/Mode of Action: Steroids enter cells, bind to intracellular receptors, cause gene expression for anti-inflammatory proteins (lipocortin), suppress inflammatory factors.
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Beta Adrenergic Agents & Steroids: Steroids enhance beta-adrenergic receptor activity.
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Indications, Mode of action, types of Administration, Side effects, Efficacy: Described for specific medications (ie: Accolate, Zyflo, Singulair).
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Asthma Treatment with Aerosolized Steroids: Inhaled steroids are effective long-term treatment, do not provide immediate relief as B2-agonists do. Dose can increase based on peak flow measurements.
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COPD Treatment with Steroids: Recommended by the American Thoracic Society, and in line with Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). Consider risks/rewards (immunosuppression vs inflammation relief), frequently used with other medications (beta-agonists, anticholinergics, theophylline) when asthma control is inadequate,
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Asthma Therapy Steps (anti-inflammatories): Stepwise approach based on asthma severity (mild intermittent, mild persistent, moderate persistent, severe persistent) with inhaled steroids and B2-agonists.
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Extrinsic versus Intrinsic Asthma: Extrinsic triggered by external allergens, Intrinsic by internal body factors (factors within the body).
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Adult Asthma: Chronic lung disease causing inflammation and airway tightening.
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Symptoms of inflammation: Redness, swelling, heat, and pain.
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Cromolyn Sodium: Prophylactic management of asthma, exercise-induced asthma, allergic rhinitis, systemic symptoms. Indication, Mode of action, forms, delivery, side effects
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Singulair (Monoclonal Antibodies): Prevents IgE from attacking mast cells, effectively reduces leukotriene formation (contribution to inflammation)
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Description
Test your knowledge of aerosolized drugs and steroids in respiratory care with this Unit 4 A&B quiz. It covers common medications such as Beclomethasone and Fluticasone, their delivery methods, and includes details on mediator antagonists. Perfect for students in respiratory pharmacology courses.
