15 Questions
How does an increase in pressure gradient affect flow rate?
It increases flow rate
What effect does vasoconstriction have on flow?
It decreases flow
How does the vessel radius affect resistance and flow?
A bigger radius decreases resistance and increases flow
Which process drives absorption in capillary exchange?
Colloid osmotic pressure
What regulates vessel constriction and dilation based on action potential frequency?
Sympathetic nervous system
What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?
Draining excess tissue fluid
Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating stroke volume?
SV = EDV - ESV
What is the formula for calculating cardiac output?
Cardiac output = SV $\times$ HR
Which of the following factors influences stroke volume?
Inotropic effects
What is the relationship between velocity and flow rate in a tube?
They are directly related
What is the main reason for the longer refractory period of cardiac cells compared to skeletal muscle cells?
Presence of plateau phase in cardiac cells
What characterizes the action potential of a cardiac autorhythmic cell?
Pacemaker potential and repolarization without hyperpolarization
What is the primary function of the pleural sac?
Prevents friction and maintains lung inflation
Which cells in the alveolar sac are responsible for respiration?
Type 1 cells
According to Dalton’s law, what does the sum of partial pressures in a container equal?
Total gas pressure
Study Notes
Respiratory and Circulatory System Processes
- Iron ingested from diet and absorbed by active transport
- Transferrin protein transports iron in plasma to either liver for storage or bone marrow for hemoglobin formation
- Hemostasis steps: vasoconstriction, platelet plug formation, clot formation
- Primary functions of respiratory system: gas exchange, pH regulation, protection, vocalization
- Pleural sac importance: double-layered membrane around lungs, prevents friction, maintains lung inflation
- Alveolar sac cells: type 1 for respiration, type 2 secretes surfactant, alveolar macrophage for immunity
- Respiratory membrane components: alveolar type 1 cell, basement membrane, pulmonary capillary endothelium
- Pulmonary circulation pathway: right ventricle, pulmonary trunk, arteries, capillaries, venules, veins, left atrium
- Mucociliary escalator: traps and removes pathogens, involving mucus, saline layer, and cilia
- Dalton’s law: sum of partial pressures in a container equals total gas pressure
- Boyle’s law in respiratory system: volume changes inversely affect pressure
- Lung volumes and capacities definitions and calculations: TV, IRV, ERV, RV, IC, FRC, VC, TLC
- Pressure changes in lungs during quiet breathing: intrapleural and alveolar pressure fluctuations, volume changes
Test your knowledge of the respiratory and circulatory system processes with this quiz. Explore topics such as iron absorption, hemostasis, pulmonary circulation, lung volumes, and pressure changes during breathing. Perfect for students and professionals in the medical field.
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