Questions and Answers
What is one function of the circulatory system?
What is the primary role of the circulatory system?
Transporting materials throughout the body
What gas does the respiratory system supply to the blood?
Oxygen
Blood flows from the body to the right atrium through the _______.
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What is the path of blood after it picks up oxygen in the lungs?
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Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
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How do the circulatory and respiratory systems work together?
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What happens to the respiratory system during exercise?
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During exercise, the heart rate ______ to supply muscles with more oxygen-rich blood.
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The path of blood is: body -> right atrium -> lungs -> left atrium -> right ventricle.
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What hormones increase during exercise and affect the heart?
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Study Notes
Functions of the Circulatory System
- Acts as the body's transport network, delivering blood to cells for nourishment and oxygen.
- Removes waste products like carbon dioxide from cells.
- Pumps blood to lungs for gas exchange—oxygen intake and carbon dioxide expulsion.
Role of the Circulatory System
- Responsible for distributing nutrients, water, and oxygen to millions of cells throughout the body.
- Collects produced waste, including carbon dioxide, from body cells.
Functions of the Respiratory System
- Provides oxygen to blood, enabling delivery to body parts.
- Utilizes breathing for gas exchange—inhales oxygen and exhales carbon dioxide.
Path of Blood Flow
- Deoxygenated blood enters heart via superior and inferior vena cava.
- Passes through right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary artery → lungs for oxygenation.
- Oxygen-rich blood returns to heart via pulmonary veins → left atrium → left ventricle → aorta → body.
Blood Flow Summary
- Deoxygenated blood reaches right atrium, moves to lungs for oxygen, then returns as oxygenated blood to left atrium and out to the body via aorta.
Types of Blood Vessels
- Arteries: Carry blood away from the heart (e.g., pulmonary artery moves oxygen-poor blood).
- Capillaries: Connect arteries and veins, facilitating exchanges of oxygen, nutrients, and wastes.
Interaction of Circulatory and Respiratory Systems
- The respiratory system acquires oxygen from the environment and transfers it to lungs, where the circulatory system delivers oxygenated blood to the organism.
Gas Exchange Process in Lungs
- Gas exchange occurs via alveoli, where oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide exits the blood for exhalation.
- Fresh oxygen enters during inhalation, while carbon dioxide is expelled upon exhalation.
Changes during Exercise
- Increased respiratory effort supports active muscles requiring more oxygen.
- Adrenal glands release adrenaline and noradrenaline, enhancing heart performance for oxygen transport.
- Sympathetic nerves stimulate stronger heartbeats and faster rates to boost cardiac output during physical activity.
- Blood flow to muscles increases as veins constrict to direct more blood return to the heart.
Exercise Process Overview
- Exercise initiates an increase in heart rate and metabolism, leading to greater oxygen requirements for muscles, which increases blood flow.
Additional Resources
- Refer to visual diagrams of the heart, blood vessels, and lungs for an enhanced understanding.
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Description
Explore the essential functions of the circulatory system through these flashcards. Learn how this vital system transports blood, nutrients, and oxygen while removing waste from the body. Perfect for students looking to deepen their understanding of human biology.
