Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which muscle fibers facilitate active expiration?
Which muscle fibers facilitate active expiration?
- Internal intercostal
- Innermost intercostal
- Subcostal
- Transversus thoracis (correct)
Where does the lingula belong?
Where does the lingula belong?
- R lung
- L lung (correct)
- Mediastinum
- Costal surfaces
What is the primary motor innervation to smooth muscle and glands in the lungs?
What is the primary motor innervation to smooth muscle and glands in the lungs?
- Brachial plexus
- Sympathetic nerve
- Vagus nerve (correct)
- Phrenic nerve
What forms the division between the superior and inferior mediastinum?
What forms the division between the superior and inferior mediastinum?
Which blood vessels provide the dual blood supply to the lungs?
Which blood vessels provide the dual blood supply to the lungs?
What is the function of the costomediastinal recesses?
What is the function of the costomediastinal recesses?
Where do the visceral afferents primarily arise from?
Where do the visceral afferents primarily arise from?
What is the role of the parietal pleura?
What is the role of the parietal pleura?
What is the function of the pulmonary hilar nodes?
What is the function of the pulmonary hilar nodes?
What does disruption of surface tension in the pleural space lead to?
What does disruption of surface tension in the pleural space lead to?
What primarily contributes to the autonomic (motor) innervation of the lung roots?
What primarily contributes to the autonomic (motor) innervation of the lung roots?
Which structure forms a dome (cupula) over the apex of the lung?
Which structure forms a dome (cupula) over the apex of the lung?
Which type of epithelium lines the initial 1.5cm of the nasal vestibule?
Which type of epithelium lines the initial 1.5cm of the nasal vestibule?
What is the function of the Larson’s maneuver mentioned in the text?
What is the function of the Larson’s maneuver mentioned in the text?
Which structure serves as a vault for the tongue at rest?
Which structure serves as a vault for the tongue at rest?
What is the function of the inferior nasal conchae mentioned in the text?
What is the function of the inferior nasal conchae mentioned in the text?
Which bone forms the superior nasal septum?
Which bone forms the superior nasal septum?
What is the function of the atrium within the internal nose?
What is the function of the atrium within the internal nose?
Which muscle is responsible for protruding the tongue?
Which muscle is responsible for protruding the tongue?
What is the function of the palatopharyngeal folds?
What is the function of the palatopharyngeal folds?
What is the normal range of Atlanto-occipital flexion joint mobility needed for the 'sniffing position'?
What is the normal range of Atlanto-occipital flexion joint mobility needed for the 'sniffing position'?
What is the function of the terminal sulcus on the dorsum of the tongue?
What is the function of the terminal sulcus on the dorsum of the tongue?
What type of muscle fills the posterior gaps in the trachea where the rings are absent?
What type of muscle fills the posterior gaps in the trachea where the rings are absent?
What is the blood supply for the bronchioles and pulmonary arteries?
What is the blood supply for the bronchioles and pulmonary arteries?
Which type of bronchi runs more vertically and is wider?
Which type of bronchi runs more vertically and is wider?
Which bronchopulmonary segment is surgically resectable and includes a tertiary branch of the pulmonary artery?
Which bronchopulmonary segment is surgically resectable and includes a tertiary branch of the pulmonary artery?
Which type of bronchioles are involved in gas exchange and have alveoli present?
Which type of bronchioles are involved in gas exchange and have alveoli present?
Which type of fibers weakly inhibits bronchoconstriction in the airways?
Which type of fibers weakly inhibits bronchoconstriction in the airways?
What is the main function of respiratory epithelium in the trachea and bronchus?
What is the main function of respiratory epithelium in the trachea and bronchus?
Which type of cells in the alveoli produce surfactant?
Which type of cells in the alveoli produce surfactant?
What is the main function of club cells in the respiratory bronchioles?
What is the main function of club cells in the respiratory bronchioles?
What is the primary function of the mucociliary escalator?
What is the primary function of the mucociliary escalator?
Which cell type increases mucous production in response to metaplasia, such as in smokers?
Which cell type increases mucous production in response to metaplasia, such as in smokers?
What is the function of the cricopharyngeus muscle?
What is the function of the cricopharyngeus muscle?
Which muscle is NOT essential to close the laryngeal inlet?
Which muscle is NOT essential to close the laryngeal inlet?
What is the role of the internal longitudinal layer of pharyngeal muscles?
What is the role of the internal longitudinal layer of pharyngeal muscles?
Where would you find the palatoglossal arch?
Where would you find the palatoglossal arch?
Which muscle is responsible for maintaining tone of the hypopharynx and elevating the larynx?
Which muscle is responsible for maintaining tone of the hypopharynx and elevating the larynx?
What is the narrowest part of the adult upper airway?
What is the narrowest part of the adult upper airway?
What is the function of cricothyroid muscle?
What is the function of cricothyroid muscle?
What is the primary function of the diaphragm?
What is the primary function of the diaphragm?
Which muscle is innervated by the long thoracic nerve and can be targeted for a SAP block?
Which muscle is innervated by the long thoracic nerve and can be targeted for a SAP block?
What is the function of the superficial intercostal muscles?
What is the function of the superficial intercostal muscles?
Which structure correlates with T4-T5 vertebrae and marks the division between superior and inferior mediastina?
Which structure correlates with T4-T5 vertebrae and marks the division between superior and inferior mediastina?
Which muscle can assist in inspiration by lifting the rib cage and is innervated by the spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)?
Which muscle can assist in inspiration by lifting the rib cage and is innervated by the spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)?
What is the function of the floating ribs?
What is the function of the floating ribs?
Which nerve descends vertically on the anterior scalene muscle and innervates both cervical and brachial plexuses?
Which nerve descends vertically on the anterior scalene muscle and innervates both cervical and brachial plexuses?
What is the primary function of the clavicle in relation to the thoracic cage?
What is the primary function of the clavicle in relation to the thoracic cage?
What is the function of the manubriosternal joint (sternal angle) in relation to other structures?
What is the function of the manubriosternal joint (sternal angle) in relation to other structures?
What is the main function of the rib orientation described as 'pump handle' movement?
What is the main function of the rib orientation described as 'pump handle' movement?
What primarily contributes to changes in thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities that facilitate venous return?
What primarily contributes to changes in thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities that facilitate venous return?
Which structure serves as a retrodiaphragmatic opening at T12 level?
Which structure serves as a retrodiaphragmatic opening at T12 level?
