Respiratory Anatomy and Procedures Quiz

Questions and Answers

What are tubes that bifurcate from the windpipe?

Alveoli

Bronchi (correct)

Lungs

Bronchioles

What is the uppermost portion of the lung called?

Apex

What is the space between the lungs in the chest known as?

Mediastinum

What is the term for nasopharyngeal lymphatic tissue?

Adenoids Signup and view all the answers

What does pulmonary parenchyma refer to?

Alveoli and bronchioles Signup and view all the answers

What is the removal of the voice box called?

Laryngectomy Signup and view all the answers

What does the combining form phren/o refer to?

Diaphragm Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for the condition of decreased oxygen in the blood?

Hypoxemia Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a type of pneumoconiosis?

Asbestosis Signup and view all the answers

What is breathing easier in an upright position called?

Orthopnea Signup and view all the answers

What is a collection of pus in the pleural cavity known as?

Pyothorax Signup and view all the answers

What are sharp, short blows to the surface of the chest called?

Percussion Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'P' in DPT stand for?

Pertussis Signup and view all the answers

In which upper respiratory disorder does stridor occur?

Croup Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for difficult breathing?

Dyspnea Signup and view all the answers

What is bronchial airway obstruction marked by dyspnea, wheezing, and cough called?

Asthma Signup and view all the answers

What is a collapsed lung referred to as?

Atelectasis Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for material expelled from the lung?

Expectoration Signup and view all the answers

What is a localized area of pus formation in the lungs called?

Pulmonary abscess Signup and view all the answers

What is spitting up blood from the lungs known as?

Hemoptysis Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a tube placed through the mouth to the trachea?

Endotracheal intubation Signup and view all the answers

What does PPD stand for?

Tuberculin test Signup and view all the answers

What is airway obstruction associated with emphysema and chronic bronchitis called?

COPD Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of an endoscopic exam?

Bronchoscopy Signup and view all the answers

What does hypercapnia refer to?

High carbon dioxide levels in the blood Signup and view all the answers

What are the branches of the windpipe that lead to the lungs called?

Bronchi Signup and view all the answers

What is the region between the lungs called?

Mediastinum Signup and view all the answers

What are the collections of lymph tissues in the oropharynx called?

Palatine tonsils Signup and view all the answers

What are the air sacs in the lungs known as?

Alveoli Signup and view all the answers

What is the outer fold of the pleura lying close to the ribs called?

Parietal pleura Signup and view all the answers

What are thin hairs in the respiratory system called?

Cilia Signup and view all the answers

What is the voice box called?

Larynx Signup and view all the answers

What is the middle region where bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lungs called?

Hilum Signup and view all the answers

What is the air containing cavities in the bones around the nose called?

Paranasal sinuses Signup and view all the answers

What is the lid-like piece that covers the voice box called?

Epiglottis Signup and view all the answers

What gas is produced by cells and exhaled through the lungs?

Carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

What are the divisions of the lungs called?

Lobes Signup and view all the answers

What are the essential cells of the lung that perform the main function?

Parenchyma Signup and view all the answers

What is breathing in air referred to as?

Inspiration Signup and view all the answers

What is bronchiectasis?

Weakening of the bronchial wall Signup and view all the answers

What does anosmia refer to?

No smell Signup and view all the answers

What does the term phrenic refer to?

Diaphragm Signup and view all the answers

What is pneumothorax?

Air in the pleural cavity Signup and view all the answers

What is excessive carbon dioxide in the blood called?

Hypercapnia Signup and view all the answers

What does spitting up blood refer to?

Hemoptysis Signup and view all the answers

What is hoarseness or voice impairment known as?

Dysphonia Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to breathing that is possible only when sitting up?

Orthopnea Signup and view all the answers

What is a nosebleed called?

Epistaxis Signup and view all the answers

What does purulent mean?

Containing pus Signup and view all the answers

What are rales?

Crackling noises fluid in the alveoli Signup and view all the answers

What does auscultation refer to?

Listening to body sounds Signup and view all the answers

What is pulmonary infarction?

Death of lung tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls called?

Emphysema Signup and view all the answers

What is inflammation of tubes leading from the trachea known as?

Chronic bronchitis Signup and view all the answers

What is spasm and narrowing of bronchi referred to as?

Asthma Signup and view all the answers

What is lung collapse known as?

Atelectasis Signup and view all the answers

What is a malignant neoplasm in the bronchus called?

Bronchogenic carcinoma Signup and view all the answers

What is whooping cough referred to as?

Pertussis Signup and view all the answers

What is an inherited disease of exocrine glands called?

Cystic fibrosis Signup and view all the answers

What other type of pneumoconiosis is mentioned?

Asbestosis Signup and view all the answers

What does adenoid hypertrophy refer to?

Large tonsils Signup and view all the answers

What is tachypnea?

Fast breathing Signup and view all the answers

What is pleurodynia?

Chest pain Signup and view all the answers

What is a pulmonary embolism?

Clot in lungs Signup and view all the answers

What is pulmonary edema?

Fluid in air sacs Signup and view all the answers

What is a pulmonary abscess?

Large collection of pus in lungs Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Respiratory Anatomy and Terms

Bronchi: Tubes that bifurcate from the windpipe, leading into the lungs.
Apex: Uppermost portion of the lung.
Mediastinum: Space between the lungs within the chest cavity.
Adenoids: Nasopharyngeal lymphatic tissue crucial for immune response.
Pulmonary parenchyma: Composed of alveoli and bronchioles, essential for gas exchange.

Surgical and Procedural Terms

Laryngectomy: Surgical removal of the voice box.
Endotracheal intubation: Tube placed through the mouth to the trachea for airway management.
Bronchoscopy: Endoscopic examination of the bronchi.

Respiratory Conditions and Symptoms

Hypoxemia: Condition characterized by decreased levels of oxygen in the blood.
Asbestosis: A type of pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of asbestos fibers.
Orthopnea: Difficulty breathing that occurs when lying down, relieved by sitting up.
Pyothorax: Collection of pus in the pleural cavity.
Expectoration: The act of expelling material from the lungs.

Clinical Signs and Symptoms

Dyspnea: Difficult or labored breathing.
Asthma: Bronchial airway obstruction marked by dyspnea, wheezing, and coughing.
Atelectasis: Collapse of lung or part of lung leading to reduced gas exchange.
Hemoptysis: Spitting up blood from the lungs.
Dysphonia: Impairment of voice resulting in hoarseness.

Diagnostic Tests and Measurements

PPD Test: Tuberculin test used to detect exposure to tuberculosis.
Hypercapnia: High carbon dioxide levels in the blood, often indicative of respiratory failure.
Tachypnea: Abnormally rapid breathing.

Structures and Components of the Respiratory System

Alveoli: Air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs.
Parietal pleura: Outer fold of the pleura lying close to the ribs.
Cilia: Thin hairs that help to trap and expel foreign particles from the respiratory tract.
Hilum: The middle region where bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lungs.

Respiratory Diseases

Chronic bronchitis: Inflammation of tubes leading from the trachea, causing chronic cough and mucus production.
Emphysema: Hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls; leads to decreased respiratory function.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Airway obstruction seen in conditions like emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
Pulmonary embolism: Clot in the lungs, often from deep vein thrombosis, causing respiratory distress.
Pulmonary edema: Accumulation of fluid in the air sacs, often due to heart failure.

Other Important Terms

Rales: Crackling noises in the lungs indicating fluid in the alveoli.
Pleurodynia: Chest pain associated with pleural irritation.
Epiglottis: Lid-like structure that covers the voice box during swallowing to prevent aspiration.
Cystic fibrosis: Inherited disease affecting exocrine glands, leading to thick mucus production that clogs airways.

Lymphatic Structures

Palatine tonsils: Collections of lymphatic tissue located in the oropharynx.
Adenoid hypertrophy: Enlargement of the adenoids, often leading to obstructive symptoms in children.

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Description

Test your knowledge of respiratory anatomy, surgical procedures, and common conditions affecting the respiratory system. This quiz covers terminology related to structures like bronchi and apex, as well as key procedures such as laryngectomy and bronchoscopy. Perfect for students in medical or healthcare fields.