Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which medication class is primarily used for immediate relief during an asthma attack?
Which medication class is primarily used for immediate relief during an asthma attack?
What is the therapeutic blood level range for Theophylline?
What is the therapeutic blood level range for Theophylline?
Which type of bronchodilator should be used before administering corticosteroids?
Which type of bronchodilator should be used before administering corticosteroids?
Which side effect is associated with xanthine derivatives?
Which side effect is associated with xanthine derivatives?
Signup and view all the answers
Which medication is considered a long-acting beta 2 agonist?
Which medication is considered a long-acting beta 2 agonist?
Signup and view all the answers
Leukotriene receptor antagonists are primarily used for what purpose in asthma management?
Leukotriene receptor antagonists are primarily used for what purpose in asthma management?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the action of glucocorticoids in asthma treatment?
What is the action of glucocorticoids in asthma treatment?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a nursing intervention for monitoring patients on xanthine derivatives?
Which of the following is a nursing intervention for monitoring patients on xanthine derivatives?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary action of amphetamines in the treatment of ADHD?
What is the primary action of amphetamines in the treatment of ADHD?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following correctly classifies a sedative?
Which of the following correctly classifies a sedative?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a key nursing consideration when administering sedative-hypnotics?
What is a key nursing consideration when administering sedative-hypnotics?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of anesthesia causes reversible loss of consciousness?
What type of anesthesia causes reversible loss of consciousness?
Signup and view all the answers
Which anesthetic is known to potentially cause respiratory depression?
Which anesthetic is known to potentially cause respiratory depression?
Signup and view all the answers
What action do benzodiazepines promote in the central nervous system?
What action do benzodiazepines promote in the central nervous system?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary role of expectorants in respiratory therapy?
What is the primary role of expectorants in respiratory therapy?
Signup and view all the answers
What class of drugs is used to suppress the cough reflex non-narcotically?
What class of drugs is used to suppress the cough reflex non-narcotically?
Signup and view all the answers
Why should medications not be suddenly discontinued after prolonged use?
Why should medications not be suddenly discontinued after prolonged use?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common adverse effect associated with Xanax?
What is a common adverse effect associated with Xanax?
Signup and view all the answers
Which condition is characterized by heightened airway reactivity and swelling of the airway?
Which condition is characterized by heightened airway reactivity and swelling of the airway?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of receptors are primarily associated with bronchoconstriction during allergic reactions?
Which type of receptors are primarily associated with bronchoconstriction during allergic reactions?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the result of the action of antihistamines on blood vessels?
What is the result of the action of antihistamines on blood vessels?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT a drug class for lower respiratory disorders?
Which of the following is NOT a drug class for lower respiratory disorders?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary action of sympathomimetics in respiratory therapy?
What is the primary action of sympathomimetics in respiratory therapy?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a severe, acute asthma attack that is unresponsive to usual treatment?
Which of the following is a severe, acute asthma attack that is unresponsive to usual treatment?
Signup and view all the answers
Which action is associated with anorexiants?
Which action is associated with anorexiants?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the major side effects associated with CNS stimulants?
What are the major side effects associated with CNS stimulants?
Signup and view all the answers
Which component is part of the peripheral nervous system?
Which component is part of the peripheral nervous system?
Signup and view all the answers
Which CNS stimulants specifically stimulate the release of norepinephrine?
Which CNS stimulants specifically stimulate the release of norepinephrine?
Signup and view all the answers
Which nursing implication is essential when administering CNS stimulants?
Which nursing implication is essential when administering CNS stimulants?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary use of analeptics?
What is the primary use of analeptics?
Signup and view all the answers
Which classification does NOT belong to CNS stimulants?
Which classification does NOT belong to CNS stimulants?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following options describes the autonomic nervous system?
Which of the following options describes the autonomic nervous system?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary action of serotonin (5-HT3) receptor antagonists in treating nausea from cancer chemotherapy?
What is the primary action of serotonin (5-HT3) receptor antagonists in treating nausea from cancer chemotherapy?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a possible side effect of using aluminum-based products in the treatment of diarrhea?
What is a possible side effect of using aluminum-based products in the treatment of diarrhea?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of laxative works by adding fiber to the stool?
Which type of laxative works by adding fiber to the stool?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the nursing implication for administering proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs)?
What is the nursing implication for administering proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs)?
Signup and view all the answers
What action do stimulant or contact laxatives primarily perform?
What action do stimulant or contact laxatives primarily perform?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following correctly describes the action of H2 receptor antagonists?
Which of the following correctly describes the action of H2 receptor antagonists?
Signup and view all the answers
What can occur if calcium salts are used improperly in treatment?
What can occur if calcium salts are used improperly in treatment?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a characteristic of surfactant laxatives?
What is a characteristic of surfactant laxatives?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary action of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)?
What is the primary action of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)?
Signup and view all the answers
Which class of antidepressants is considered a second-line treatment?
Which class of antidepressants is considered a second-line treatment?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the mechanism of action of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)?
What is the mechanism of action of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a nursing consideration regarding the onset of action for antidepressants?
What is a nursing consideration regarding the onset of action for antidepressants?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the action of osmotic laxatives?
What is the action of osmotic laxatives?
Signup and view all the answers
What therapeutic class do dopamine-antagonists belong to in relation to vomiting?
What therapeutic class do dopamine-antagonists belong to in relation to vomiting?
Signup and view all the answers
What do anticholinergics specifically target in the context of nausea?
What do anticholinergics specifically target in the context of nausea?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT a common drug action for gastrointestinal agents?
Which of the following is NOT a common drug action for gastrointestinal agents?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Respiratory Agents
- Respiratory Tract: Divided into upper and lower respiratory tracts
- Upper Respiratory Tract: Includes nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx
- Lower Respiratory Tract: Includes trachea, primary bronchi, and lungs
- Upper Respiratory Tract Infections (URTIs): Common cold, acute rhinitis, sinusitis, acute pharyngitis
-
Drugs for Upper Respiratory Disorders:
- Antihistamines (H1 blockers): Block histamine receptors to decrease allergic reactions. Results in decreased capillary dilation, decreased BP, and decreased bronchoconstriction.
- Decongestants (sympathomimetic amines): Reduce congestion and swelling by constricting blood vessels.
- Expectorants: Reduce the viscosity of pulmonary secretions, increasing fluid intake is recommended.
- Antitussives: Suppress the cough reflex (narcotic or non-narcotic). Narcotic suppress the cough reflex through direct action on the medulla, and non-narcotic suppress by numbing stretch receptors.
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections
- Common Disorder: Bronchial asthma
- Asthma Characteristics: Heightened airway reactivity, resulting in harrowing and swelling of airways. Acute, severe asthma attacks are described as status asthmaticus.
-
Drugs for Lower Respiratory Disorders:
- Bronchodilators: Dilate bronchioles. Include sympathomimetics, methylxanthines, and anticholinergics.
- Sympathomimetics: Beta-2 adrenergic agonists (e.g., salmeterol, metaproterenol, albuterol, ritodrine, terbutaline).
Nervous System Agents
- Central Nervous System (CNS): Composed of the brain and spinal cord
- Peripheral Nervous System: Composed of somatic nervous system (voluntary) and autonomic nervous system (involuntary)
- CNS Stimulants: Substances that quicken the CNS by increasing neuronal discharge rate. Included in this category are amphetamines, anorexiants, and analeptics.
- Amphetamines: Used for narcolepsy, obesity, and ADHD.
- Anorexiants: Suppress the appetite.
- Analeptics: Stimulate the CNS in instances of respiratory stimulation.
- CNS Depressants: Substances that slow the CNS. Included in this category are sedative-hypnotics, anesthetics, analgesics, anticonvulsants, anxiolytics, and antidepressants.
Gastrointestinal Agents
- Vomiting (Emesis): The forceful expulsion of gastric contents.
- Drugs to Treat Vomiting (Anti-emetics): Antihistamines, anticholinergics, dopamine antagonists, and serotonin antagonists.
- Diarrhea: Abnormally liquid or unformed stools with increased fecal output (greater than 200 grams per day on a low-fiber diet).
- Laxatives: Drugs that promote bowel movements. Types include bulk-forming, surfactant/emollients, stimulant, and osmotic laxatives.
- Peptic Ulcers: Disruptions in mucosal integrity of the stomach leading to excavation due to inflammation.
- Drugs to Treat Peptic Ulcers: Acid-suppressing drugs and mucosal protective agents (e.g., sucralfate).
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Explore the fundamentals of respiratory agents and their applications in treating upper respiratory tract infections. This quiz covers both upper and lower respiratory tracts, the types of infections, and various drug classifications. Test your knowledge on antihistamines, decongestants, expectorants, and antitussives.
