Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which medication class is primarily used for immediate relief during an asthma attack?
Which medication class is primarily used for immediate relief during an asthma attack?
- Anticholinergics
- Xanthine derivatives
- Long-acting beta 2 agonists
- Short-acting beta 2 agonists (correct)
What is the therapeutic blood level range for Theophylline?
What is the therapeutic blood level range for Theophylline?
- 5 to 15 ug/ml
- 15 to 25 ug/ml
- 20 to 30 ug/ml
- 10 to 20 ug/ml (correct)
Which type of bronchodilator should be used before administering corticosteroids?
Which type of bronchodilator should be used before administering corticosteroids?
- Xanthine derivatives
- Long-acting beta 2 agonists
- Short-acting beta 2 agonists (correct)
- Leukotriene receptor antagonists
Which side effect is associated with xanthine derivatives?
Which side effect is associated with xanthine derivatives?
Which medication is considered a long-acting beta 2 agonist?
Which medication is considered a long-acting beta 2 agonist?
Leukotriene receptor antagonists are primarily used for what purpose in asthma management?
Leukotriene receptor antagonists are primarily used for what purpose in asthma management?
What is the action of glucocorticoids in asthma treatment?
What is the action of glucocorticoids in asthma treatment?
Which of the following is a nursing intervention for monitoring patients on xanthine derivatives?
Which of the following is a nursing intervention for monitoring patients on xanthine derivatives?
What is the primary action of amphetamines in the treatment of ADHD?
What is the primary action of amphetamines in the treatment of ADHD?
Which of the following correctly classifies a sedative?
Which of the following correctly classifies a sedative?
What is a key nursing consideration when administering sedative-hypnotics?
What is a key nursing consideration when administering sedative-hypnotics?
What type of anesthesia causes reversible loss of consciousness?
What type of anesthesia causes reversible loss of consciousness?
Which anesthetic is known to potentially cause respiratory depression?
Which anesthetic is known to potentially cause respiratory depression?
What action do benzodiazepines promote in the central nervous system?
What action do benzodiazepines promote in the central nervous system?
What is the primary role of expectorants in respiratory therapy?
What is the primary role of expectorants in respiratory therapy?
What class of drugs is used to suppress the cough reflex non-narcotically?
What class of drugs is used to suppress the cough reflex non-narcotically?
Why should medications not be suddenly discontinued after prolonged use?
Why should medications not be suddenly discontinued after prolonged use?
What is a common adverse effect associated with Xanax?
What is a common adverse effect associated with Xanax?
Which condition is characterized by heightened airway reactivity and swelling of the airway?
Which condition is characterized by heightened airway reactivity and swelling of the airway?
Which type of receptors are primarily associated with bronchoconstriction during allergic reactions?
Which type of receptors are primarily associated with bronchoconstriction during allergic reactions?
What is the result of the action of antihistamines on blood vessels?
What is the result of the action of antihistamines on blood vessels?
Which of the following is NOT a drug class for lower respiratory disorders?
Which of the following is NOT a drug class for lower respiratory disorders?
What is the primary action of sympathomimetics in respiratory therapy?
What is the primary action of sympathomimetics in respiratory therapy?
Which of the following is a severe, acute asthma attack that is unresponsive to usual treatment?
Which of the following is a severe, acute asthma attack that is unresponsive to usual treatment?
Which action is associated with anorexiants?
Which action is associated with anorexiants?
What are the major side effects associated with CNS stimulants?
What are the major side effects associated with CNS stimulants?
Which component is part of the peripheral nervous system?
Which component is part of the peripheral nervous system?
Which CNS stimulants specifically stimulate the release of norepinephrine?
Which CNS stimulants specifically stimulate the release of norepinephrine?
Which nursing implication is essential when administering CNS stimulants?
Which nursing implication is essential when administering CNS stimulants?
What is the primary use of analeptics?
What is the primary use of analeptics?
Which classification does NOT belong to CNS stimulants?
Which classification does NOT belong to CNS stimulants?
Which of the following options describes the autonomic nervous system?
Which of the following options describes the autonomic nervous system?
What is the primary action of serotonin (5-HT3) receptor antagonists in treating nausea from cancer chemotherapy?
What is the primary action of serotonin (5-HT3) receptor antagonists in treating nausea from cancer chemotherapy?
What is a possible side effect of using aluminum-based products in the treatment of diarrhea?
What is a possible side effect of using aluminum-based products in the treatment of diarrhea?
Which type of laxative works by adding fiber to the stool?
Which type of laxative works by adding fiber to the stool?
What is the nursing implication for administering proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs)?
What is the nursing implication for administering proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs)?
What action do stimulant or contact laxatives primarily perform?
What action do stimulant or contact laxatives primarily perform?
Which of the following correctly describes the action of H2 receptor antagonists?
Which of the following correctly describes the action of H2 receptor antagonists?
What can occur if calcium salts are used improperly in treatment?
What can occur if calcium salts are used improperly in treatment?
What is a characteristic of surfactant laxatives?
What is a characteristic of surfactant laxatives?
What is the primary action of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)?
What is the primary action of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)?
Which class of antidepressants is considered a second-line treatment?
Which class of antidepressants is considered a second-line treatment?
What is the mechanism of action of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)?
What is the mechanism of action of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)?
What is a nursing consideration regarding the onset of action for antidepressants?
What is a nursing consideration regarding the onset of action for antidepressants?
What is the action of osmotic laxatives?
What is the action of osmotic laxatives?
What therapeutic class do dopamine-antagonists belong to in relation to vomiting?
What therapeutic class do dopamine-antagonists belong to in relation to vomiting?
What do anticholinergics specifically target in the context of nausea?
What do anticholinergics specifically target in the context of nausea?
Which of the following is NOT a common drug action for gastrointestinal agents?
Which of the following is NOT a common drug action for gastrointestinal agents?
Flashcards
Expectorant
Expectorant
A medication that thins pulmonary secretions, making it easier to cough up.
Upper Respiratory Tract
Upper Respiratory Tract
Includes the nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx.
Antitussive
Antitussive
A medication that suppresses coughs.
Bronchial Asthma
Bronchial Asthma
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Status Asthmaticus
Status Asthmaticus
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Bronchodilator
Bronchodilator
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Sympathomimetic
Sympathomimetic
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H1 Receptor
H1 Receptor
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Beta 2 agonists
Beta 2 agonists
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SABA
SABA
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LABA
LABA
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Xanthine derivatives
Xanthine derivatives
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Anticholinergics
Anticholinergics
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Glucocorticoids
Glucocorticoids
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Leukotriene receptor antagonists
Leukotriene receptor antagonists
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Nursing Intervention (Asthma)
Nursing Intervention (Asthma)
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Anorexiants
Anorexiants
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Analeptics
Analeptics
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CNS stimulants
CNS stimulants
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Amphetamines
Amphetamines
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Central Nervous System (CNS)
Central Nervous System (CNS)
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Peripheral Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
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Autonomic Nervous System
Autonomic Nervous System
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Sympathetic Nervous System
Sympathetic Nervous System
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Sedative-Hypnotics
Sedative-Hypnotics
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Barbiturates
Barbiturates
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Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines
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Narcolepsy
Narcolepsy
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Anesthesia
Anesthesia
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General Anesthesia
General Anesthesia
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Propofol
Propofol
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Endogenous Obesity
Endogenous Obesity
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Antidepressants Action
Antidepressants Action
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MAOIs (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors)
MAOIs (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors)
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SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors)
SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors)
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GABA
GABA
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Anti-anxiety (Anxiolytic) Action
Anti-anxiety (Anxiolytic) Action
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Vomiting (Emesis)
Vomiting (Emesis)
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Peptic Ulcer
Peptic Ulcer
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Antacids
Antacids
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Diarrhea
Diarrhea
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Constipation
Constipation
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Laxatives
Laxatives
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Bulk-forming laxatives
Bulk-forming laxatives
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Surfactant laxatives
Surfactant laxatives
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Stimulant/contact laxatives
Stimulant/contact laxatives
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Side Effects of Laxatives
Side Effects of Laxatives
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H2 receptor antagonists
H2 receptor antagonists
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Study Notes
Respiratory Agents
- Respiratory Tract: Divided into upper and lower respiratory tracts
- Upper Respiratory Tract: Includes nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx
- Lower Respiratory Tract: Includes trachea, primary bronchi, and lungs
- Upper Respiratory Tract Infections (URTIs): Common cold, acute rhinitis, sinusitis, acute pharyngitis
- Drugs for Upper Respiratory Disorders:
- Antihistamines (H1 blockers): Block histamine receptors to decrease allergic reactions. Results in decreased capillary dilation, decreased BP, and decreased bronchoconstriction.
- Decongestants (sympathomimetic amines): Reduce congestion and swelling by constricting blood vessels.
- Expectorants: Reduce the viscosity of pulmonary secretions, increasing fluid intake is recommended.
- Antitussives: Suppress the cough reflex (narcotic or non-narcotic). Narcotic suppress the cough reflex through direct action on the medulla, and non-narcotic suppress by numbing stretch receptors.
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections
- Common Disorder: Bronchial asthma
- Asthma Characteristics: Heightened airway reactivity, resulting in harrowing and swelling of airways. Acute, severe asthma attacks are described as status asthmaticus.
- Drugs for Lower Respiratory Disorders:
- Bronchodilators: Dilate bronchioles. Include sympathomimetics, methylxanthines, and anticholinergics.
- Sympathomimetics: Beta-2 adrenergic agonists (e.g., salmeterol, metaproterenol, albuterol, ritodrine, terbutaline).
Nervous System Agents
- Central Nervous System (CNS): Composed of the brain and spinal cord
- Peripheral Nervous System: Composed of somatic nervous system (voluntary) and autonomic nervous system (involuntary)
- CNS Stimulants: Substances that quicken the CNS by increasing neuronal discharge rate. Included in this category are amphetamines, anorexiants, and analeptics.
- Amphetamines: Used for narcolepsy, obesity, and ADHD.
- Anorexiants: Suppress the appetite.
- Analeptics: Stimulate the CNS in instances of respiratory stimulation.
- CNS Depressants: Substances that slow the CNS. Included in this category are sedative-hypnotics, anesthetics, analgesics, anticonvulsants, anxiolytics, and antidepressants.
Gastrointestinal Agents
- Vomiting (Emesis): The forceful expulsion of gastric contents.
- Drugs to Treat Vomiting (Anti-emetics): Antihistamines, anticholinergics, dopamine antagonists, and serotonin antagonists.
- Diarrhea: Abnormally liquid or unformed stools with increased fecal output (greater than 200 grams per day on a low-fiber diet).
- Laxatives: Drugs that promote bowel movements. Types include bulk-forming, surfactant/emollients, stimulant, and osmotic laxatives.
- Peptic Ulcers: Disruptions in mucosal integrity of the stomach leading to excavation due to inflammation.
- Drugs to Treat Peptic Ulcers: Acid-suppressing drugs and mucosal protective agents (e.g., sucralfate).
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