Podcast
Questions and Answers
A client is receiving dextromethorphan (Benylin). The nurse knows the drug is exerting its therapeutic effect when the client experiences:
A client is receiving dextromethorphan (Benylin). The nurse knows the drug is exerting its therapeutic effect when the client experiences:
The nurse is teaching an older adult client about guaifenesin (Robitussin). Which information is appropriate to include in this teaching? (Select all that apply.)
The nurse is teaching an older adult client about guaifenesin (Robitussin). Which information is appropriate to include in this teaching? (Select all that apply.)
A client has been diagnosed with the common cold. The nurse should question if which drug is ordered to treat this client?
A client has been diagnosed with the common cold. The nurse should question if which drug is ordered to treat this client?
Which medication is a first-generation antihistamine?
Which medication is a first-generation antihistamine?
Signup and view all the answers
When teaching a client about use of nasal decongestant sprays, the nurse informs the client that they are most effective when administered for how many days?
When teaching a client about use of nasal decongestant sprays, the nurse informs the client that they are most effective when administered for how many days?
Signup and view all the answers
Before administering diphenhydramine (Benadryl) to a client, it is most important for the nurse to assess the client for a history of:
Before administering diphenhydramine (Benadryl) to a client, it is most important for the nurse to assess the client for a history of:
Signup and view all the answers
Which statement about dextromethorphan does the nurse identify as being true?
Which statement about dextromethorphan does the nurse identify as being true?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the etiology of the common cold?
What is the etiology of the common cold?
Signup and view all the answers
Which part of the respiratory tract does the common cold affect?
Which part of the respiratory tract does the common cold affect?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary symptom of acute rhinitis?
What is the primary symptom of acute rhinitis?
Signup and view all the answers
What causes allergic rhinitis?
What causes allergic rhinitis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary action of antihistamines?
What is the primary action of antihistamines?
Signup and view all the answers
What are some of the uses of antihistamines?
What are some of the uses of antihistamines?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a first-generation antihistamine?
Which of the following is a first-generation antihistamine?
Signup and view all the answers
Why are second-generation antihistamines preferred over first-generation antihistamines?
Why are second-generation antihistamines preferred over first-generation antihistamines?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a common side effect of diphenhydramine?
Which of the following is a common side effect of diphenhydramine?
Signup and view all the answers
What is one of the advantages of loratadine over diphenhydramine?
What is one of the advantages of loratadine over diphenhydramine?
Signup and view all the answers
What should be assessed in a client's medical history before administering antihistamines?
What should be assessed in a client's medical history before administering antihistamines?
Signup and view all the answers
What is one nursing intervention when administering diphenhydramine?
What is one nursing intervention when administering diphenhydramine?
Signup and view all the answers
Operating motor vehicles is generally recommended after taking diphenhydramine due to its drowsiness effect.
Operating motor vehicles is generally recommended after taking diphenhydramine due to its drowsiness effect.
Signup and view all the answers
What should be avoided alongside antihistamines?
What should be avoided alongside antihistamines?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a recommended remedy for temporary relief of dry mouth caused by antihistamines?
What is a recommended remedy for temporary relief of dry mouth caused by antihistamines?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a caution for using antihistamines in children?
What is a caution for using antihistamines in children?
Signup and view all the answers
Older adults are typically less sensitive to the effects of antihistamines compared to younger adults.
Older adults are typically less sensitive to the effects of antihistamines compared to younger adults.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary action of nasal decongestants?
What is the primary action of nasal decongestants?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a potential side effect of long-term use of nasal decongestants?
What is a potential side effect of long-term use of nasal decongestants?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary use of intranasal glucocorticoids?
What is the primary use of intranasal glucocorticoids?
Signup and view all the answers
Why are intranasal glucocorticoids often preferred for long-term treatment of allergic rhinitis?
Why are intranasal glucocorticoids often preferred for long-term treatment of allergic rhinitis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common side effect of oxymetazoline?
What is a common side effect of oxymetazoline?
Signup and view all the answers
Oxymetazoline should only be used for a maximum of 3 days.
Oxymetazoline should only be used for a maximum of 3 days.
Signup and view all the answers
Who should avoid using oxymetazoline?
Who should avoid using oxymetazoline?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary action of antitussives?
What is the primary action of antitussives?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of antitussive is dextromethorphan?
Which type of antitussive is dextromethorphan?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary use of dextromethorphan?
What is the primary use of dextromethorphan?
Signup and view all the answers
Who should avoid using dextromethorphan?
Who should avoid using dextromethorphan?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary action of guaifenesin?
What is the primary action of guaifenesin?
Signup and view all the answers
What are some common uses for guaifenesin?
What are some common uses for guaifenesin?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common side effect of guaifenesin?
What is a common side effect of guaifenesin?
Signup and view all the answers
What is an important nursing assessment before administering any cold medication?
What is an important nursing assessment before administering any cold medication?
Signup and view all the answers
When administering diphenhydramine IV push, what is an important consideration for the nurse?
When administering diphenhydramine IV push, what is an important consideration for the nurse?
Signup and view all the answers
Why is it important to avoid driving after taking diphenhydramine?
Why is it important to avoid driving after taking diphenhydramine?
Signup and view all the answers
It is recommended to use sugarless candy or gum for temporary relief of dry mouth caused by antihistamines.
It is recommended to use sugarless candy or gum for temporary relief of dry mouth caused by antihistamines.
Signup and view all the answers
Older adults are generally more sensitive to the effects of antihistamines compared to younger adults.
Older adults are generally more sensitive to the effects of antihistamines compared to younger adults.
Signup and view all the answers
What should a nurse teach a client about the use of nasal decongestant sprays?
What should a nurse teach a client about the use of nasal decongestant sprays?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary reason intranasal glucocorticoids are preferred for long-term management of allergic rhinitis?
What is the primary reason intranasal glucocorticoids are preferred for long-term management of allergic rhinitis?
Signup and view all the answers
Oxymetazoline can potentially cause side effects like nervousness and jittery behavior.
Oxymetazoline can potentially cause side effects like nervousness and jittery behavior.
Signup and view all the answers
Oxymetazoline should ideally be limited to a maximum of 3 days of use.
Oxymetazoline should ideally be limited to a maximum of 3 days of use.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary use of guaifenesin?
What is the primary use of guaifenesin?
Signup and view all the answers
When administering medication to a patient, it is important to assess for allergies, respiratory status, and cardiac status.
When administering medication to a patient, it is important to assess for allergies, respiratory status, and cardiac status.
Signup and view all the answers
What is an important consideration for nurses when administering diphenhydramine IV push?
What is an important consideration for nurses when administering diphenhydramine IV push?
Signup and view all the answers
Diphenhydramine can cause side effects that impair driving, including drowsiness, dizziness, blurry vision, and a slowed reaction time.
Diphenhydramine can cause side effects that impair driving, including drowsiness, dizziness, blurry vision, and a slowed reaction time.
Signup and view all the answers
Sugarless candy or gum can help with dry mouth, a common side effect of some antihistamines.
Sugarless candy or gum can help with dry mouth, a common side effect of some antihistamines.
Signup and view all the answers
What important teaching should a nurse provide regarding the use of nasal decongestant sprays?
What important teaching should a nurse provide regarding the use of nasal decongestant sprays?
Signup and view all the answers
Why are intranasal glucocorticoids generally preferred for long-term management of allergic rhinitis?
Why are intranasal glucocorticoids generally preferred for long-term management of allergic rhinitis?
Signup and view all the answers
Oxymetazoline can cause side effects such as nervousness and jittery behavior.
Oxymetazoline can cause side effects such as nervousness and jittery behavior.
Signup and view all the answers
The recommended maximum duration for using oxymetazoline is 3 days.
The recommended maximum duration for using oxymetazoline is 3 days.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Drugs for Upper Respiratory Disorders
-
Upper Respiratory Disorders
- Common cold: Etiology - Rhinovirus, affects the nasopharyngeal tract
- Acute rhinitis: Inflammation of nasal mucous membranes
- Allergic rhinitis: Hay fever, due to pollen or foreign substances
Antihistamines
-
First-generation antihistamines
- Diphenhydramine: Blocks histamine, decreasing allergic response. Used for allergic rhinitis, itching, motion sickness, sleep aid, and antitussive.
- Side effects: Anticholinergic - drowsiness, dry mouth, decreased secretions, dizziness, blurred vision, urinary retention, constipation, photosensitivity, excitability in children
-
Second-generation antihistamines
- Loratadine: Works similarly to first generation but without drowsiness or anticholinergic side effects. Used for allergic rhinitis and itching. Long-acting, longer half-life.
Nursing Process: Antihistamines
- Assessment: Baseline vital signs, medical/medication history, signs/symptoms of urinary dysfunction, cardiac and respiratory status, environmental exposures for allergies
- Nursing interventions/teaching: Administer in large muscle IM, dilute diphenhydramine for IV over time to avoid burning, avoid operating vehicles or machinery if drowsy, avoid alcohol/other CNS depressants, follow the prescription orders exactly, sugarless candy can relieve mouth dryness temporary, caution when giving to children (excitability possible)
- Older adults can be more sensitive and experience confusion
Nasal Decongestants
- Nasal congestion: Dilation of nasal blood vessels due to infection, inflammation, allergies causes fluid buildup in tissues, leading to nasal swelling.
-
Nasal decongestants: Systemic and Nasal decongestants
- Stimulate alpha-adrenergic receptors
- Produce nasal vascular vasoconstriction
- Shrink nasal mucous membranes
- Reduces nasal secretions
- Rebound congestion can occur with overuse
- Use for nasal congestion
- Side effects/Adverse reactions: Nervousness, jittery, restless, hypertension, hyperglycemia, tachycardia
- Frequent use: May lead to tolerance, rebound nasal congestion, avoid using more than 3 days
Intranasal Glucocorticoids
- Fluticasone: Steroidal action decreasing inflammation, used for allergic rhinitis, short term use during allergy season only, no rebound congestion
Antitussives - Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide
-
Action: Acts on cough control center; suppresses cough reflex
- Suppresses non-productive coughs, to reduce viscosity of tenacious secretions
- Contraindications: COPD, chronic productive coughing, children under 2
- Interactions: Other CNS depressants, grapefruit juice
Expectorants
- Guaifenesin: Action: Loosens bronchial secretions, enabling easier coughing. Use for common cold, flu, respiratory illnesses
- Side Effects: Nausea/vomiting, drowsiness, headache
Cold Medication Care Plan
-
Assessment: Vital signs (check for tachycardia, hypertension), medical/medication history, cardiac/respiratory status, allergies
-
Interventions/teaching: Monitor vital signs, monitor respiratory status and secretions, educate on nasal spray use, increase fluids especially with expectorant, do not drive until effects known, decongestants can lead to insomnia, take early decongestants during day, decongestants can cause rebound congestion with overuse, read labels for all multiple symptom control medications, contact health care provider if cough lasts more than a week
Practice Questions and Answers (Selected)
-
Practice Question #1: Which effect does dextromethorphan produce?
- Correct answer (and rationale): Decreased coughing (acts on cough center)
-
Practice Question #2: Appropriate client teaching with Guaifenesin?
- Correct answers and rationale: Taking with glass of water to loosen secretions and checking OTC medication list with health care professional
-
Practice Question #3: Which drug would you question a doctor about for a common cold?
- Correct answer (and rationale): antibiotics (viruses, not bacteria, cause common cold)
-
Practice Question #4: Which is a first-generation antihistamine?
- Correct answer (and rationale): Diphenhydramine
-
Practice Question #5: How long should nasal decongestants be used?
- Correct answer (and rationale): 3 days (prevents rebound congestion)
-
Practice Question #6: Before administering diphenhydramine, what should be checked?
- Correct answer (and rationale): History of narrow-angle glaucoma (due to anticholinergic effects)
-
Practice Question #7: What is true of dextromethorphan?
- Correct answer and rationale: It suppresses the cough center in the medulla.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
This quiz covers various drugs used to treat upper respiratory disorders, focusing on common conditions like the common cold and rhinitis. It also examines the two generations of antihistamines, their uses, and side effects. Test your knowledge on the nursing process related to these medications.
