Research Proposals and Ethics Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is one of the key ethical principles guiding research?

Focusing solely on theoretical concepts

Encouraging deception

Maximizing researcher benefits

Avoiding harm to participants (correct)

Which type of ethics is characterized by the moral principles directly applied in research practice?

Normative ethics

Situational ethics (correct)

Relational ethics

Procedural ethics

What is the primary purpose of a literature review?

To provide an outdated context of the subject

To guide the development of research topics and questions (correct)

To reproduce existing studies without critique

To collect all related books and articles

What is a crucial step in the literature search process?

Choose search term Signup and view all the answers

How should a good literature review assess its sources?

By critically evaluating them Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a step in the literature search process?

Ignore grey literature Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the challenges in the literature search journey?

It is a timely and iterative process Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of systematic reviews in research?

To synthesize evidence addressing specific questions Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is NOT essential for a good research topic?

It should lack personal interest Signup and view all the answers

What type of research proposal is submitted in response to a specific organizational need?

Organizational research proposal Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an unsuitable topic for research?

A broadly defined issue lacking focus Signup and view all the answers

What element is crucial for real-world research to be effective?

Conducting organized efforts centered on specific problems Signup and view all the answers

What is typically included in a research proposal?

Methods for conducting the research and its purpose Signup and view all the answers

Which is NOT a characteristic of globalization as described?

Complete independence of local businesses Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a source for research topic ideas?

Unrelated academic disciplines Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of basic research?

Developing universal principles Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following settings is considered part of the real world for research purposes?

Business organizations Signup and view all the answers

What is a key step in the research process?

Collecting information after formulating the plan Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes inductive reasoning in research?

Moving from detailed observations to general statements Signup and view all the answers

What is deductive reasoning primarily used for in research?

Establishing relationships between concepts through experimentation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes ontology in research?

Understanding the nature of existence and reality Signup and view all the answers

How do epistemology and methodology relate in research design?

Epistemology determines what is considered legitimate knowledge, guiding research methodologies Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic objective of applied research?

Improving understanding of specific social problems Signup and view all the answers

What does objectivism emphasize in the research process?

The discovery of objective truth Signup and view all the answers

Which theoretical perspective stresses that reality consists of what is observable through the senses?

Positivism Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of post-positivism?

Acknowledgment that all observations are fallible Signup and view all the answers

In critical inquiry, what does the researcher aim to challenge?

Conventional social structures Signup and view all the answers

Which perspective seeks to demystify the idea of pure objectivity in knowledge?

Feminism Signup and view all the answers

What is a central tenet of pragmatism?

Ideology must prove its practical consequences Signup and view all the answers

What does interpretivism focus on in the context of research?

Understanding actions of individuals through classifications Signup and view all the answers

Which theoretical perspective emphasizes ambiguity and fragmentation in knowledge?

Postmodernism Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Research Proposals and Projects

Proposals articulate the subject, intended outcomes, research methods, and significance of the study.
Organizational proposals fall into two categories: responses to external bids and internal submissions for problem-solving.

Ethics in Research

Ethical principles guide research by ensuring:
- No harm to participants
- Informed consent
- Respect for privacy and confidentiality
- Avoidance of deception
Types of ethics include:
- Procedural: Focus on avoiding harm and respecting privacy.
- Situational: Adapting ethical application based on circumstances.
- Relational: Emphasizing the researcher's responsibility for their conduct.

Purpose of a Literature Review

Provides a contemporary understanding of a subject's significance.
Identifies significant issues and gaps in current knowledge for further research.
Guides the development of research questions and methodologies.

Literature Search Process

Involves selecting search terms, sequencing searches, searching sources, and critically evaluating materials.
Tips for effective searching include:
- Using Google Scholar for PDF reports.
- Looking for related works by key authors.
- Examining book components for relevance.

Systematic Reviews

Systematic reviews are organized to minimize research bias and ensure transparency.
They synthesize evidence to address specific pre-set questions and are easily updateable.

Selecting a Research Topic

Good topics should:
- Spark personal interest.
- Align with academic or workplace requirements.
- Enable self-development.
Avoid overarching or trivial topics lacking resources and ethical concerns.

Basic and Applied Research

Basic research expands knowledge of social processes and develops universal principles.
Applied research targets specific problems and creates practical solutions with relevance to stakeholders.

The Research Process

Key stages include identifying a research area, topic selection, approach formulation, data collection, and analysis.
Inductive reasoning involves deriving generalizations from details, while deductive reasoning tests hypotheses against observations.

Epistemology and Ontology

Ontology relates to the nature of existence, while epistemology addresses the legitimacy of knowledge.
Epistemological stances include:
- Objectivism: Knowledge is objective and independent of perspective.
- Constructivism: Knowledge is constructed through subjective interactions.
- Subjectivism: Meaning emerges from a collective unconscious.

Theoretical Perspectives

Positivism advocates for scientific observation of reality, separating facts from values.
Post-positivism acknowledges fallibility in observations while recognizing an independent reality.
Interpretivism focuses on individual actions and classified experiences.
Critical inquiry challenges existing values and assists in developing new understanding frameworks.
Feminism emphasizes how social position influences knowledge.
Postmodernism embraces ambiguity, rejecting universal truths.
Pragmatism values practical outcomes and societal consequences.

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Description

Test your understanding of key concepts related to research proposals, ethics, and literature reviews. This quiz will cover the significance of ethics in research, types of ethical considerations, and the purpose of conducting literature reviews. Enhance your knowledge about best practices in research methodologies.