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Questions and Answers
What is the primary benefit of using literature in teaching language skills according to Santos (2017)?
What is the primary benefit of using literature in teaching language skills according to Santos (2017)?
What aspect does Tesoro (2018) state should be considered in a literature-based classroom?
What aspect does Tesoro (2018) state should be considered in a literature-based classroom?
According to Solano (2019), what is the advantage of embedding the teaching of language skills in literature?
According to Solano (2019), what is the advantage of embedding the teaching of language skills in literature?
What common approach is suitable when multiple authors share similar opinions on a topic?
What common approach is suitable when multiple authors share similar opinions on a topic?
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What does Calderon and Gonzales (2014) define research as?
What does Calderon and Gonzales (2014) define research as?
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Which type of source includes academic research and university journals?
Which type of source includes academic research and university journals?
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What is the ideal recency for primary, secondary, and tertiary references?
What is the ideal recency for primary, secondary, and tertiary references?
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What characteristic should all cited materials possess to ensure fairness?
What characteristic should all cited materials possess to ensure fairness?
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Which of the following best defines tertiary sources?
Which of the following best defines tertiary sources?
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How many related literature pieces should a senior high school research review include?
How many related literature pieces should a senior high school research review include?
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What does the chronological approach to organizing literature emphasize?
What does the chronological approach to organizing literature emphasize?
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Which of the following defines secondary sources?
Which of the following defines secondary sources?
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What is a key factor to check before including a material in the review?
What is a key factor to check before including a material in the review?
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What type of question asks for the impacts of a factor on a specific outcome?
What type of question asks for the impacts of a factor on a specific outcome?
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Which question type would best fit a request for a detailed course of action to achieve a goal?
Which question type would best fit a request for a detailed course of action to achieve a goal?
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Which question seeks to understand the relationship between social behavior and an outcome, such as health?
Which question seeks to understand the relationship between social behavior and an outcome, such as health?
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What type of question would inquire about the consequences of a specific health strategy?
What type of question would inquire about the consequences of a specific health strategy?
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Which question type could evaluate the effectiveness of a teaching method during remote learning?
Which question type could evaluate the effectiveness of a teaching method during remote learning?
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What type of question would assess how community changes affect educational engagement?
What type of question would assess how community changes affect educational engagement?
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Which of the following questions would classify as asking about a defined outcome from an action plan?
Which of the following questions would classify as asking about a defined outcome from an action plan?
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What question type best fits inquiries about essential components to enhance community involvement in education?
What question type best fits inquiries about essential components to enhance community involvement in education?
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What is a primary characteristic of a clear research problem statement?
What is a primary characteristic of a clear research problem statement?
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Which of the following describes a measurable research problem?
Which of the following describes a measurable research problem?
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What does it mean for a research question to be attainable?
What does it mean for a research question to be attainable?
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Why is realism important when formulating a research problem?
Why is realism important when formulating a research problem?
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How does time-bound relate to research questions?
How does time-bound relate to research questions?
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Which type of research question aims to categorize or label existing factors?
Which type of research question aims to categorize or label existing factors?
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What is the purpose of factor relating questions?
What is the purpose of factor relating questions?
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Which example best fits a situation relating question?
Which example best fits a situation relating question?
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Study Notes
Formulating Clear Research Problem Statement
- A research problem is a statement expressing a concern in any field, a problem needing immediate solution, a recurring difficulty requiring resolution, or a practical question arising from scholarly inquiry across various disciplines.
Considering Research Questions
- Key considerations for research questions include factors like Specificity, Measurability, Achievability, Relevance, and Time-bound.
SMART Research Questions
- Specific: Clear and concise; states exactly what will be done using action verbs.
- Measurable: Provides a way to evaluate progress, using metrics or data targets.
- Achievable: Realistic within the researcher's scope and possible to accomplish.
- Relevant: Meaningful within the job function and improves the business.
- Time-bound: States a specific timeframe for completion.
Specific Research Problem Statements
- A specific research problem statement communicates the exact inquiry or question needing an answer.
Measurable Research Problem Statements
- Quantitative research doesn't need measurability. Qualitative research considers measurability from an epistemological aspect – must be objectively observable.
Attainable Research Problem Statements
- Research questions need to be easily answered within a reasonable time frame.
Realistic Research Problem Statements
- Feasibility of the research must be clearly considered, particularly if experimentation and observation are needed.
Time-Bound Research Problem Statements
- Time is vital in research; questions should be adequately focused.
Types of Research Questions
- Factor Isolating Questions: Categorize, label, or name factors and situations.
- Factor Relating Questions: Establish relationships between and among identified factors.
- Situation Relating Questions: Emphasize the observable changes that happen to related variables.
- Situation Producing Questions: Open opportunities for creating action plans, policies, or conditions to achieve specific goals.
Examples of Types of Research Questions
- Factor Isolating: What are the contributing factors to low student motivation?
- Factor Relating: What is the relationship between study time and academic performance?
- Situation Relating: What are the effects of changing curriculum structures on student learning outcomes?
- Situation Producing: What innovative technologies can improve accessibility in education?
Defining Literature
- Literature: A collection of written works, fiction or nonfiction, providing information in a specific subject area; sometimes spanning a particular period. The operational definition for research uses published materials of a particular subject or topic area.
Types of Resources for Literature Reviews
- General References: Books, monographs, conference proceedings, research articles, professional journals
- Primary Sources: Academic research, university journals, reputable organizations
- Secondary Sources: Articles, analyses, essays, newspapers, single or multiple authored textbooks
- Tertiary Sources: Books based on secondary sources, interpreting other works
Material Criteria for Literature Review
- Recency: Materials should be recent to ensure relevance and accuracy; older material may be used for established theories/concepts
- Objectivity: The materials should be fair, objective, and bias-free, reflecting the researcher’s findings.
- Relevance: The materials should be relevant to the specific research topic and add to its understanding.
- Conciseness: The review should be concise; adequate, but not excessive, material that provides the sufficient depth
Number of Required Literature
- For senior high school research, 4-6 local or international publications are sufficient. For graduate / post-graduate work, 15-50 publications might be needed.
Organizing a Literature Review
- Chronological Organization: Examines research over time; shows how understanding (and issues) evolve. Frequently used for qualitative studies.
- By Topic/Concept: Groups related ideas from various authors, highlighting concepts and their interrelationships; used for all research methods
- By Author/Writer: Examines the ideas of individual scholars, explaining their claims and supporting arguments.
Additional Points from Presented Materials
- Various authors and studies highlight the role of literature, language skills, and context for effective learning
- Research involves a process of asking clarifying questions (and identifying suitable types of questions) to investigate concerns.
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Description
This quiz focuses on formulating clear research problem statements and designing effective research questions using the SMART criteria. Participants will explore how to create specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound questions applicable across various disciplines.
