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Questions and Answers
What is the advantage of correlational studies?
What is the advantage of correlational studies?
Correlational studies broaden the scope of phenomena that can be studied.
What is the independent variable in an experimental study?
What is the independent variable in an experimental study?
The independent variable, denoted as X, is manipulated to see if the dependent variable, denoted as Y, changes.
What are extraneous variables in an experiment?
What are extraneous variables in an experiment?
Extraneous variables are variables other than the independent variable that could be influencing the dependent variable.
Explain the concept of hypothesis and provide an example.
Explain the concept of hypothesis and provide an example.
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What is the purpose of descriptive research methods? Provide an example of a descriptive research method.
What is the purpose of descriptive research methods? Provide an example of a descriptive research method.
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What is the range of correlation coefficients and what do they indicate? Give an example of a strong negative correlation.
What is the range of correlation coefficients and what do they indicate? Give an example of a strong negative correlation.
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Study Notes
Research Methods
- Correlational studies allow researchers to identify relationships between variables, but do not establish cause-and-effect relationships.
- In an experimental study, the independent variable is the variable that is intentionally manipulated by the researcher to observe its effect on the dependent variable.
Experimental Design
- Extraneous variables are variables other than the independent variable that can affect the outcome of an experiment and must be controlled for.
Hypothesis
- A hypothesis is a specific, testable prediction made by a researcher about the possible outcome of a study, which guides the research investigation.
- Example: A researcher predicts that students who receive extra tutoring will perform better on a math test than students who do not receive extra tutoring.
Descriptive Research
- The purpose of descriptive research methods is to describe and summarize the characteristics of a population or phenomenon, without attempting to explain or influence it.
- Example: A survey to determine the average amount of time college students spend studying per week is an example of a descriptive research method.
Correlation Coefficients
- Correlation coefficients range from -1 (perfect negative correlation) to 1 (perfect positive correlation), with 0 indicating no correlation.
- A correlation coefficient of -0.8, for example, would indicate a strong negative correlation between two variables, suggesting that as one variable increases, the other tends to decrease.
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Description
Test your knowledge of research methods with this quiz! Learn about hypothesis, variables, and theories, as well as descriptive research methods like case studies and surveys. Challenge yourself and see how well you understand these important concepts in research.
