Psychology Research Methods Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which coefficient indicates the strongest correlation?

  • +0.5
  • +0.7
  • -0.2
  • -0.8 (correct)

Which coefficient indicates the weakest correlation?

  • +0.1
  • +0.8
  • -0.2 (correct)
  • -0.9

What is the independent variable in the example of an experiment about violent cartoons?

  • Aggressive play definition
  • Violent TV programs (correct)
  • Watch time of cartoons
  • Children's aggressive behavior

What does the term operationalization refer to in an experiment?

<p>The specific definition of a variable (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of having a control group in an experiment?

<p>To provide a comparison for the experimental group (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first African American woman to obtain a Ph.D. in psychology?

<p>Inez Beverly Prosser (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What principle in Gestalt psychology emphasizes the relationship between a figure and its background?

<p>Figure-ground relationship (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What therapeutic approach is based on Sigmund Freud's work and emphasizes the unconscious mind?

<p>Psychoanalysis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Watson contribute to the field of psychology?

<p>By focusing solely on observable behavior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a focus of the psychodynamic perspective?

<p>Conditioning of observable behavior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Freud propose about childhood experiences?

<p>They shape unconscious motivations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main ethical concern highlighted by Watson's experiment with 'Little Albert'?

<p>Fear conditioning without acknowledgement of the child’s emotions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which modern psychological perspective incorporates both Freud’s theories and those of the Neo-Freudians?

<p>Psychodynamic Perspective (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary advantage of laboratory observation in research?

<p>It offers control over the environment. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a significant disadvantage of case studies?

<p>They cannot apply findings to other individuals. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a survey, why is it important to ensure a representative sample?

<p>To ensure the results are meaningful and applicable to the population. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a correlation coefficient of 0.0 indicate?

<p>There is no correlation between the variables. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement defines positive correlation?

<p>As one variable increases, the other also increases. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of values for a correlation coefficient?

<p>-1.00 to +1.00 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary risk of using surveys for data collection?

<p>Low response rates may bias the results. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a case study?

<p>An in-depth examination of a single individual. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of random assignment in an experiment?

<p>To provide equal chances for each subject to be assigned to any group. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a single-blind study?

<p>Subjects are unaware of their group assignments to reduce the placebo effect. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of a double-blind study?

<p>Neither the subjects nor the experimenter knows the group assignments. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an institutional review board responsible for?

<p>Judging proposed research studies for safety and ethical considerations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the common ethical guidelines for conducting research with participants?

<p>Data should only be confidential within the research team. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the placebo effect?

<p>Changes in behavior resulting from participants’ expectations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to protect the rights and well-being of participants in research?

<p>To balance scientific value with ethical considerations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of using animals in psychological research?

<p>To answer questions that cannot be ethically examined in human studies. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of operant conditioning according to Skinner?

<p>The impact of pleasant and unpleasant consequences on voluntary behavior (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements aligns with the humanistic perspective of psychology?

<p>Individuals have free will and can shape their own destinies. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the cognitive perspective, which aspect primarily influences behavior?

<p>Thought processes and mental functions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the sociocultural perspective focus on?

<p>The relationship between social behavior and culture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the biopsychological perspective attribute behavior to?

<p>Biological events occurring within the body (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about psychologists and psychiatrists?

<p>Psychologists may have specialized training in various areas of psychology. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential first step in the scientific method?

<p>Perceiving the question (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is most likely to provide a realistic picture of behavior?

<p>Naturalistic observation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a notable disadvantage of naturalistic observation?

<p>Unique settings may limit the generalizability of findings. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'self-actualization' signify in humanistic psychology?

<p>Achieving one’s full potential (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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