Research Methods Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is included in the materials provided for pilot testing?

  • Validation Letter (correct)
  • Follow-up Interview Questions
  • Final Research Report
  • Pilot Group Feedback Form

Which of the following is a type of interview that follows a formal structure?

  • Non-Directive Interview
  • Unstructured Interview
  • Structured Interview (correct)
  • Focus Group Discussion

What is the purpose of computing the Internal Consistency / Reliability Index?

  • To analyze thematic connections in data
  • To determine the sample size needed for research
  • To validate qualitative responses
  • To assess the consistency of quantitative data (correct)

Which type of content analysis emphasizes qualitative data?

<p>Relational Analysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a type of instrument mentioned?

<p>Meta-Analysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of instrument is a Mail Survey classified as?

<p>Quantitative research method (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done after pilot testing is completed?

<p>Do the necessary revisions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which interview type allows the interviewer to modify the sequence of questions?

<p>Unstructured Interview (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using visual or graphic presentations for data?

<p>To organize data for easier understanding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a part of the data commentary in discussing results?

<p>Personal reflections and opinions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which visual aid is best suited for displaying proportions within a whole?

<p>Pie Chart (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In preparing a tabular presentation, what should be avoided to maintain clarity?

<p>Manually creating the look of a table using the tab key (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be included when concluding a data presentation?

<p>The gist of the findings and mentioned suggestions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element is essential when discussing the implications of results?

<p>Stating what the result means and its impact (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions is critical when summarizing findings?

<p>Focusing on key facts and insights (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial step to ensure data entries are easily understood?

<p>Placing comparable entries next to each other (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be included in a table to facilitate clarity?

<p>Only borders or lines that are essential for clarity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should the titles of tables be formatted?

<p>In italic title case and double-spaced (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of including notes below a table?

<p>To provide additional context that isn't clear from the title or body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a necessary feature of column headings in tables?

<p>They should be centered and capitalized in sentence case (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should the table heading row be repeated?

<p>On the second and subsequent pages if the table is too long (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which guideline is important for figure presentation?

<p>Figures should not require any explanation from text (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should the figure number include?

<p>The number in bold font above the figure title (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for figures to convey information effectively?

<p>Figures should have unit measurements provided (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where should the figure title be positioned in relation to the figure number?

<p>One double-spaced line below the figure number (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which font style is recommended for axis labels within the figure image?

<p>Sans serif font, 8-14 points (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate case for the figure legend text?

<p>Title case (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should figure notes be included?

<p>Only when needed to clarify additional information (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of notes can be included below a figure?

<p>General, specific, and probability notes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following phrases is not suitable for summarizing study results?

<p>These findings contradict previous theories... (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be included in a figure legend?

<p>An explanation of any symbols used in the figure image (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phrase is appropriate for discussing research results?

<p>These results represent the first direct demonstration of... (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phrase indicates a potential limitation of the study?

<p>One limitation of this study is that … (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a suitable interpretation of the findings presented in the study?

<p>This finding may be explained by the idea that … (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred from discussing potential study implications?

<p>The findings offer new intervention possibilities. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might be a significant contribution of the study?

<p>Raising intriguing questions for future research. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement represents a recommendation for future research?

<p>Future studies may examine … (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement reflects a closing viewpoint on the research?

<p>Despite these limitations, this research is a first step towards integrating two lines of research. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an effective approach to addressing limitations of a study?

<p>Acknowledging and discussing the limitations openly. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phrase would best describe an explanation that requires further exploration?

<p>Certain limitations could be addressed in future research. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of an abstract in a research report?

<p>To summarize the report's purpose, data, and conclusions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of an argument provides support for the claim?

<p>Evidence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic distinguishes a manifesto from an argument?

<p>A manifesto is a written statement declaring intentions or views (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does a deductive argument operate?

<p>It starts from general premises to reach specific conclusions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following grading criteria focuses on the logical organization of ideas?

<p>Coherence and Cohesion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of reasoning deals with deriving general conclusions from specific cases?

<p>Inductive (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a reason in an argument?

<p>Validated research instruments yield accurate results. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which grading criterion assesses the ability to synthesize and argue a position effectively?

<p>Discussion, Synthesis, and Argumentation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Research Instrument

A tool used to collect data in research. It can be a questionnaire, interview guide, or observation protocol.

Survey Questionnaire

A set of questions used to gather information from a group of people. It can be administered through mail, in a group setting, or by dropping it off at homes.

Structured Interview

A formal interview with a set order of questions. It's highly organized and follows a specific script.

Unstructured Interview

A more casual interview where the order and phrasing of questions can be modified. It allows for more flexibility.

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Non-Directive Interview

A guided conversation where the interviewer asks open-ended questions and allows the interviewee to direct the conversation.

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Content Analysis (Quantitative)

A method that examines the occurrence or frequency of specific themes, issues, words, or phrases. It focuses on quantifying these elements.

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Content Analysis (Qualitative)

A method that explores connections and relationships between themes, issues, words, or phrases. It focuses on understanding the meaning behind these connections.

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Internal Consistency

A measure of reliability that checks if different parts of a research instrument consistently provide similar results.

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Data Commentary

A section of a research paper that analyzes and interprets the data gathered through a study, providing insights and conclusions.

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Locative Index

The beginning of the data commentary that establishes the context for the discussion, outlining what you are going to analyze.

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Discussion of Highlights

A section of the data commentary where you highlight the most important findings and results of your study.

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Implication of Results

This section of the data commentary explains the meaning and significance of the study's findings, exploring their impact and why those results occurred.

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Supporting Literature

In the data commentary, you connect your findings to relevant research and theories by referencing other publications that support or contrast your results.

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Pie Charts

A graph that uses slices of a circle to represent parts of a whole, often visually representing percentages.

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Bar Graph

A graph that uses bars of different lengths to compare values across categories, often highlighting differences between groups.

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Tabular Forms

Information organized in rows and columns to create a table, often with headings to clarify the content.

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Table Number

The number assigned to a table, appearing above the title in bold font. Tables are numbered in the order they are mentioned in the paper.

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Table Title

A brief and descriptive title located one double-spaced line below the table number. It's italicized and in title case.

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Column Headings

Labels for each column in a table, including a 'stub heading' for the leftmost column. Centered and capitalized in sentence case.

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Table Body

The main part of the table containing all rows and columns, including the headings row. Each cell represents the intersection of a row and column.

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Table Notes

Additional information placed below the table to clarify information not readily understood from the title or body. There are three types: general, specific, and probability.

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Figure Number

The number assigned to a figure, appearing above the title and image in bold font. Figures are numbered in the order they are mentioned in the paper.

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Figure Title

A brief and descriptive title located one double-spaced line below the figure number. It concisely tells the reader what the figure is depicting.

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Figure Components

Elements that make up a figure, including clear images, legible fonts, labeled axes, and properly explained elements.

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Figure Legend

A key within the figure's borders that explains any symbols used in the image. Words are capitalized in title case.

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Figure Notes

Optional notes below the figure explaining details not clear from the title, image, or legend. Include general, specific, or probability notes.

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Figure Presentation

A structured way to present figures, including title, image, legend, and notes, for clarity and consistency.

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Summarizing Study Results

Concisely stating the main findings of the study. Focus on the hypothesis, key findings, and supporting evidence.

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Linking Findings

Connecting your study's results to existing research, highlighting similarities, differences, and potential contributions.

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Research Limitations

Acknowledging any potential weaknesses in the research design or methodology that might impact the results.

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Study Implications

Explaining the broader significance of the findings, focusing on how they can be applied or used in practice.

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Study Limitations

Potential drawbacks or weaknesses in the research that could impact the results or conclusions. These can be factors like sample size, data collection methods, or the study's design.

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Direction for Future Research

Suggestions for future research based on the current study's findings. This could involve exploring specific questions, expanding the study's scope, or using different methods.

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Highlight Key Findings

To emphasize the most important results from the study, emphasizing their significance and meaning.

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Support with Literature

To connect the study's findings to existing research or theories, providing contextual understanding and supporting the interpretation of the results.

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Interpret Findings

To explain the meaning of the study's results, going beyond simply describing them by offering possible explanations and insights.

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Potential Limitations

Possible weaknesses or drawbacks in the research that could affect the validity or generalizability of the findings.

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Future Research Avenues

Specific areas or directions in which the findings could be explored further or expanded upon in future studies.

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What is an Abstract?

A concise summary of a research report that highlights its purpose, key findings, and conclusions. It's designed to give readers a quick overview and help them decide if they want to read the full report.

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What are the parts of an argument?

An argument is a structured set of reasons used to support a claim. It consists of a claim (the statement or idea being argued), reasons (evidence that supports the claim), and a logical connection between them.

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Deductive Argument

Starts with a general idea or premise and draws specific conclusions from it. It's like applying a rule to a specific situation.

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Inductive Argument

Moves from specific observations or experiences to a broader, general conclusion. It's like forming a theory based on collected data.

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Argument by Reason

Presents logical explanations and reasoning to support the claim.

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Argument by Evidence

Uses statistics, facts, and research studies to back up the claim.

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What is a Manifesto?

A public declaration of intentions, principles, and beliefs, often used to outline the goals or vision of a group, organization, or movement.

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Connection between Argument and Manifesto

A manifesto typically contains arguments that support the stated intentions or beliefs of the author or group. Arguments provide the reasoning and evidence behind the claims made in the manifesto.

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Study Notes

Week's Objectives

  • Differentiate various kinds of reports based on objectives and structure
  • Revise and finalize the written research report
  • Follow prescribed formatting and content for the research report

What is Report Writing?

  • Structured style of writing
  • Focuses on a specific subject in depth
  • Formal tone and style
  • Evidence and details are free of bias
  • Facts are completely accurate
  • Educates the reader about a subject without expressing an opinion

Types of Research Report

  • Survey Report
  • Field Report
  • Laboratory Report
  • Scientific Report
  • Technical Report

Types of Research Report (Purposes and Procedures)

Report Type Purpose Main Procedure Involved
Survey Report Present information gathered from a survey, summarize responses Survey
Field Report Document observations, analyze phenomena, behaviors, processes, and patterns; describe observations of people, places, or events; identify and categorize common themes Observation
Laboratory Report Provide a formal record of an experiment; provide possibility to replicate; document experiment results; communicate experiment findings Experiment
Scientific Report Describe the process, progress, or results of technical or scientific research; share the status of a technical or scientific research problem Observation/Experiment
Technical Report Provide the results of a project to the project sponsor Survey/Observation/Experiment

General Structure of a Research Report

  • Abstract
  • Introduction including research questions, scope, theoretical framework and conceptual framework
  • Literature Review including variable synthesis and overall synthesis
  • Methodology including design, locale, participants, instruments, data gathering procedures, and ethical considerations
  • Results and Discussions
  • Conclusions and Recommendations
  • References

Other Structures of Research Reports

  • Survey Report: Introduction, Body, Conclusion, and References.
  • Laboratory/Scientific Report: Title, Abstract, Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, and References

Common Parts and Contents of the Title

  • Keywords of at least 10 words for indexing.
  • Reflects the factual content of the paper.

Common Parts and Contents of the Abstract

  • Makes the reader decide whether to read the entire report.
  • Summary of the purpose, data, and major conclusions of the report.
  • Self-contained synopsis of report.

Writing the Research Report (EAPP Specifics)

  • Abstract, Introduction, Literature Review (with definitions), Methodology, Results/Discussion, Conclusions/Recommendations, References

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English for Academic and Professional Purposes Q2 Week 2 PDF

Description

Test your understanding of research methods and data presentation techniques. This quiz covers various types of interviews, instruments, and analysis methods crucial for effective research. Assess your knowledge of pilot testing and data commentary to ensure clarity in your presentations.

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