Research Methodology: Sampling Types

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Questions and Answers

What type of sampling is useful for setting up, framing or beginning any type of research?

Quota Sampling

Non-probability Sampling (correct)

Purposive Sampling

Probability Sampling

What is the primary advantage of using convenience sampling?

It is more cost-effective (correct)

It is more time-consuming

It provides a larger sample size

It provides a random sample

What is the purpose of establishing a recording method in observational research?

To ensure data quality and accuracy (correct)

To analyze behaviors and inferences

To identify objectives

To develop questionnaires and techniques

What is the characteristic of Purposive Sampling?

Selecting participants based on their characteristics Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the sampling technique where the researcher relies on referrals to identify potential participants?

Snowball Sampling Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in conducting observations in qualitative research?

Identify objectives Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of explanatory research?

To investigate cause-and-effect relationships Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of quota sampling?

To create categories within the research Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between non-probability and probability sampling?

The selection of participants Signup and view all the answers

Which type of case study involves multiple participants?

Multiple-case study Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of instrumental case studies?

To test or improve a hypothesis Signup and view all the answers

What type of sampling is used in qualitative research?

Non-probability sampling Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of direct observations?

To assess the participants' behavior in normal settings Signup and view all the answers

What type of research design focuses on exploring a new subject?

Exploratory research Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of descriptive case studies?

To demonstrate a phenomenon Signup and view all the answers

What type of data collection method involves holding conversations with participants?

Interviews Signup and view all the answers

Which research tradition focuses on establishing the how and why questions in a natural setting?

Case study Signup and view all the answers

Which data collection method is commonly used in ethnography?

Direct observations Signup and view all the answers

Which research tradition uses coding to analyze data?

Grounded theory Signup and view all the answers

Which research tradition involves telling stories from individuals or groups?

Narrative/life stories Signup and view all the answers

Which research tradition is characterized by long unstructured interviews?

Phenomenology Signup and view all the answers

Which research tradition involves the use of primary and secondary sources of data?

Case study Signup and view all the answers

Which research tradition focuses on identifying a phenomenon as it is in order to gain an in-depth understanding?

Phenomenology Signup and view all the answers

Which data analysis strategy involves cross-validation and triangulation of different data sources?

Narrative/life stories Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Non-Probability Sampling

Used to collect primary data in research studies, useful for setting up, framing, or beginning research
Types of non-probability sampling:
- Purposive Sampling: selecting participants based on specific traits or characteristics
- Quota Sampling: creating categories within research, deciding how many people to include in each subgroup
- Snowball Sampling: relying on referrals to recruit participants, also known as chain referral sampling
- Convenience Sampling: collecting data from easily accessible people, also known as Accessibility Sampling

Observation in Qualitative Research

Steps to conduct observations:
- Identify objectives
- Establish recording method
- Develop questionnaires and techniques
- Observe and take notes
- Analyze behaviors and inferences
3 types of observations:
- Selective observation
- Conditional observation
- Comparative observation

Case Studies

Types of case studies:
- Explanatory: focuses on explaining a phenomenon, investigating cause-and-effect relationships
- Exploratory: outlines the lack of research for a particular phenomenon, uses past studies to formulate new cases
- Multiple-case: involves multiple participants
- Descriptive: demonstrates a phenomenon, participant is the primary interest
- Intrinsic: aims to understand a certain case's lived experience
- Instrumental: uses a case to test or improve a hypothesis

Data Collection Methods

Direct observations: made by researchers to assess participants' behavior in normal settings
Documents: include letters, memos, case studies, internet articles, books, archives, letters, and news articles
Interviews: held to gain more insight about a topic

Qualitative Research Traditions

Dimensions:
- Focus
- Data collection method
- Data analysis strategy
Research traditions:
- Grounded theory: collection and analysis of actual data, focus on phenomenon as perceived by participants
- Phenomenology: identifies a phenomenon, establishes how and why questions
- Case study: establishes the how and why questions, study cultural phenomena in natural settings
- Ethnography: studies cultural phenomena in natural settings
- Narrative/life stories: tells stories from individuals or groups, studies past experiences of a person

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Description

This quiz covers different types of sampling methods used in research, including non-probability sampling and its subtypes.