Research Methodology & Intellectual Property Rights

Research refers to a careful, well-defined (or redefined), objective, and systematic method of search for knowledge, or formulation of a theory that is driven by inquisitiveness for that which is unknown and useful on a particular aspect so as to make an original contribution to expand the existing knowledge base.

Research projects involve the formulation of hypotheses or problem-solving strategies, data analysis, and reasoning, and determine whether the results are consistent with the hypotheses.

The types of engineering research mentioned in the text include finding and solving a worthwhile problem, ethics in engineering research, ethics in engineering research practice, types of research misconduct, and ethical issues related to authorship.

Problem 1: A bridge architect is trying to build a new earthquake-proof bridge.

The process of research involves creating or presenting knowledge that does not yet exist, including the formulation of hypotheses or problem-solving strategies, data analysis, and reasoning.

The key components of research according to the text are: careful, well-defined (or redefined), objective, and systematic method of search for knowledge, formulation of a theory, driven by inquisitiveness for the unknown and useful, making an original contribution to expand the existing knowledge base.

Research misconduct refers to fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism in proposing, performing, or reviewing research, or in reporting research results. It also includes other practices that seriously deviate from those commonly accepted within the scientific community for proposing, conducting, or reporting research.

Ethical issues related to authorship in engineering research include giving credit to all who have contributed significantly to the work, avoiding ghost or gift authorship, and ensuring that all authors have seen and approved the final version of the paper and have agreed to its submission for publication.

The process involves data analysis and reasoning to determine whether the results are consistent with the hypotheses.

A bridge architect trying to build a new earthquake-proof bridge is an example of a worthwhile problem mentioned in the text.

The process of formulating hypotheses or problem-solving strategies in research involves carefully defining the problem, identifying the variables involved, and proposing potential solutions or explanations based on existing knowledge and observations. This process requires critical thinking, creativity, and a deep understanding of the subject matter.

Research misconduct refers to unethical behavior in the conduct of research, such as fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism of data, results, or ideas. In engineering research, misconduct can lead to flawed designs, unsafe products, and wasted resources. It undermines the integrity of the research process and damages the reputation of researchers and institutions.

The key elements of ethics in engineering research practice include honesty, integrity, transparency, accountability, and respect for intellectual property rights. Researchers are expected to conduct their work with the highest ethical standards, ensuring the validity and reliability of their findings while respecting the rights and contributions of others.

Finding and solving a worthwhile problem in engineering research is essential for advancing the field and addressing real-world challenges. It allows researchers to make meaningful contributions, improve existing technologies, and create innovative solutions that benefit society. By focusing on worthwhile problems, engineers can drive progress and make a positive impact on the world.

Authorship in engineering research refers to the attribution of credit and responsibility for intellectual contributions to a research project, publication, or invention. Ethical implications arise from issues such as proper acknowledgment of contributions, avoidance of plagiarism, and fair distribution of credit among collaborators. Maintaining integrity in authorship is crucial for fostering trust and fairness in the research community.