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Questions and Answers

What is the main focus of Beauchamp and Childress' Four Ethical Principles approach?

Ensuring researchers' personal ethical standards

Maximizing benefits and minimizing harms in research (correct)

Emphasizing the historical development of research ethics

Maximizing profits and minimizing losses

Which document advocates the application of 'universal' ethical principles in a diverse and multicultural world?

The International Ethical Guidelines For Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects (correct)

The Nuremberg Code

The Belmont Report

The Declaration Of Helsinki

What was the emphasis of the Helsinki II Declaration in 1975?

Biomedical research involving human subjects (correct)

Sociological research involving human subjects

Clinical research involving human subjects

Environmental research involving human subjects

What is the primary requirement stated in The Nuremberg Code (1947) for experimental studies involving humans?

Informed consent from research subjects Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the U.S. National Commission's Belmont Report (1979)?

It defines key research principles Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle of justice in research ethics?

Ensuring an equitable and fair selection of research subjects and a fair distribution of risks and benefits Signup and view all the answers

What is coercion in the context of research ethics?

Compelling an individual to participate in a research study in violation of the principles of autonomy and respect for persons Signup and view all the answers

What is the intended purpose of the informed consent process in research ethics?

To ensure that participants understand the risks and benefits of the research study Signup and view all the answers

In which situation is a thumbprint or oral consent considered appropriate for documenting consent in a research study?

When the research study involves sensitive topics Signup and view all the answers

What does cultural competency refer to in the context of research ethics?

The ability to effectively communicate with people from different cultures and backgrounds Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct process that needs to be completed before conducting any human research?

Submit the proposal to the IRB for approval Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the IRB in the research process?

To review and approve research proposals Signup and view all the answers

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