Research Ethics and IRB Process

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary principle of respect for subjects in the Belmont Report?

  • Avoid exploitation of vulnerable populations
  • Treat subjects as autonomous beings who can make informed decisions (correct)
  • Ensure equal distribution of benefits and burdens
  • Maximize benefits and minimize harms

What is the hierarchy of evidence in the Belmont Report?

  • Meta-analysis, critical appraisal, systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials
  • Expert opinions, clinical textbooks, review articles, case reports
  • Randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies
  • Systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies (correct)

What is the primary purpose of research ethics in studies involving human subjects?

  • To ensure the success of the research study
  • To protect the human subjects from harm and ensure their welfare (correct)
  • To expedite the research process by minimizing regulatory hurdles
  • To provide definitions of benefits and risks without evaluating them

What was the outcome of the Nuremberg trials in relation to research ethics?

<p>The identification of 10 basic principles, including voluntary consent of the participant (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary limitation of cross-sectional studies?

<p>They provide a snapshot in time and may not be representative of the population (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Syphilis Study conducted from 1932 to 1971?

<p>To investigate what syphilis does to the body over time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of matching in case-control studies?

<p>To ensure cases and controls are similar in terms of common comorbidities, age, or location (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the influence of age in a study that can falsely demonstrate an apparent association between variables?

<p>Confounder (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was involved in the development of inoculation for yellow fever?

<p>Walter Reed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the Institutional Review Board (IRB) process?

<p>To provide an approval for the research study before it is conducted (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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