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Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of functional requirements in software engineering?
What is the primary focus of functional requirements in software engineering?
Which of the following best describes non-functional requirements?
Which of the following best describes non-functional requirements?
Which testing method is primarily associated with non-functional requirements?
Which testing method is primarily associated with non-functional requirements?
What may happen if non-functional requirements are not met?
What may happen if non-functional requirements are not met?
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Who typically specifies mandatory functional requirements?
Who typically specifies mandatory functional requirements?
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The ability of a software system to scale effectively is considered what type of requirement?
The ability of a software system to scale effectively is considered what type of requirement?
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During which phase must non-functional requirements be completed?
During which phase must non-functional requirements be completed?
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Which of the following best illustrates a functional requirement?
Which of the following best illustrates a functional requirement?
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What is the primary goal of Requirements Engineering?
What is the primary goal of Requirements Engineering?
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Which of the following is NOT a type of software requirement?
Which of the following is NOT a type of software requirement?
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What is essential for the written system definition after a contract is awarded?
What is essential for the written system definition after a contract is awarded?
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How should software requirements be described according to IEEE?
How should software requirements be described according to IEEE?
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Why is Requirements Engineering considered a critical step in software development?
Why is Requirements Engineering considered a critical step in software development?
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What do functional requirements describe?
What do functional requirements describe?
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Which of the following statements about non-functional requirements is true?
Which of the following statements about non-functional requirements is true?
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Which statement best describes the nature of requirements engineering?
Which statement best describes the nature of requirements engineering?
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What is the primary focus of functional requirements in a system?
What is the primary focus of functional requirements in a system?
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Which of the following is an example of a non-functional requirement?
Which of the following is an example of a non-functional requirement?
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Which statement correctly identifies a characteristic of non-functional requirements?
Which statement correctly identifies a characteristic of non-functional requirements?
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In requirements engineering, which requirement specifies that software should operate across different operating systems?
In requirements engineering, which requirement specifies that software should operate across different operating systems?
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What distinguishes functional requirements from non-functional requirements?
What distinguishes functional requirements from non-functional requirements?
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Which of the following is NOT an example of a functional requirement?
Which of the following is NOT an example of a functional requirement?
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Which type of requirement involves the system's ability to handle up to 20,000 users?
Which type of requirement involves the system's ability to handle up to 20,000 users?
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Which of the following best describes the term 'usability' in the context of non-functional requirements?
Which of the following best describes the term 'usability' in the context of non-functional requirements?
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Study Notes
Requirements Engineering
- Requirements engineering is the process of identifying, analyzing, documenting, and managing the needs and expectations of stakeholders for a software system.
- It defines what services the software should provide and the conditions under which it should operate.
- Requirements can range from high-level abstract statements to detailed functional specifications.
- Effective requirements engineering is critical to successful software development projects. Ensuring the software meets stakeholder needs, is delivered on time and within budget, and to required quality standards.
- Once a contract is awarded, the contractor must create a detailed system definition for the client, allowing them to understand and validate the software's intended functions.
Types of Software Requirements
- IEEE defines software requirements as the capabilities that a software system must possess in order to solve a real-world problem. Requirements should be clear, correct, and well-defined.
- There are two main types:
- Functional Requirements: Describe the functionality or system services in detail outlining what the system should provide and how it should react to particular inputs. Essentially defining "what" the system should do.
- Non-Functional Requirements: Define system quality properties including reliability, response time, maintainability, scalability, portability, storage requirements, environmental, and regulatory aspects. Unlike functional requirements, these define how the system will perform. These requirements apply to the whole system and not to specific features or services.
Examples - Functional Requirements
- Students should be able to register for courses, view attendance records, view grades, make payments, and access other related functionalities.
- Search options should be available.
- Teachers should be able to upload study materials, record attendance, create announcements, and perform other related functions.
- Systems should allow updates and deletions of records.
Examples - Non-Functional Requirements
- The software should be able to handle at least 20,000 users.
- The software should be able to operate on different operating systems (portability).
- The software should be able to accommodate new requirements (flexibility).
- Error handling mechanisms are required for the software.
- The software should be user-friendly (usability).
- Staff should not have the ability to update their salary information.
Non-Functional Requirements Categories
- Product requirements (e.g., Efficiency, Dependability, Security)
- Organizational requirements (e.g., Environmental, Operational, Regulatory, Development)
- External requirements (e.g., Ethical, Legislative, Accounting, Safety/Security)
Difference Between Functional and Non-Functional Requirements
| Feature | Functional Requirements | Non-Functional Requirements |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | Describe what the system should do (specific functionalities or tasks). | Describe how the system should perform (system attributes or quality). |
| Focus | Features of the system | Performance, usability, and other quality attributes |
| Details | Actions and operations of the system | Conditions that the system must operate under |
| Testing | Functional testing (e.g., unit or integration tests) | Performance testing, security testing, and usability testing |
| Examples | User authentication, I/O, transaction processing | Scalability, security, response time, reliability, and maintainability |
| Nature | Mandatory | Often non-mandatory (but crucial for system adequacy) |
Summary
- Software requirements define the system's desired behavior and functionalities, as well as its operating constraints.
- Functional requirements describe what the system does.
- Non-functional requirements describe how the system performs and operates.
- Non-functional requirements are often critical and can make or break a system. If they are not met, the system might be useless.
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Description
This quiz covers the essential aspects of requirements engineering, including the processes involved in identifying and managing stakeholder needs for software systems. It emphasizes the importance of clear and detailed software requirements for successful project delivery. Test your knowledge on the types and definitions of software requirements as outlined by IEEE.
