Requirements Engineering Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of functional requirements in software engineering?

  • Security and usability testing
  • User experience and system performance
  • Quality attributes of the development process
  • Services that the system must provide (correct)

Which of the following best describes non-functional requirements?

  • They are optional and not critical for operation
  • They focus primarily on what the system must do
  • They are the same as mandatory functional requirements
  • They concern system quality attributes and user experience (correct)

Which testing method is primarily associated with non-functional requirements?

  • Performance testing (correct)
  • Integration testing
  • Unit testing
  • User acceptance testing

What may happen if non-functional requirements are not met?

<p>The system may be deemed useless (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who typically specifies mandatory functional requirements?

<p>Architects and developers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ability of a software system to scale effectively is considered what type of requirement?

<p>Non-functional requirement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase must non-functional requirements be completed?

<p>Before performing non-functional testing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best illustrates a functional requirement?

<p>User authentication process (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of Requirements Engineering?

<p>To manage the needs and expectations of stakeholders (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of software requirement?

<p>Technical Requirements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for the written system definition after a contract is awarded?

<p>It should allow the client to understand and validate software functions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should software requirements be described according to IEEE?

<p>Clear, correct, and well-defined (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is Requirements Engineering considered a critical step in software development?

<p>It ensures the final product meets stakeholder needs and quality standards (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do functional requirements describe?

<p>The functionality or services of the system in detail (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about non-functional requirements is true?

<p>They describe the quality aspects like performance and usability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the nature of requirements engineering?

<p>It involves identifying and managing the expectations of multiple stakeholders (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of functional requirements in a system?

<p>What the system should do and specific functionalities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a non-functional requirement?

<p>Software should manage errors effectively (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly identifies a characteristic of non-functional requirements?

<p>They focus on system quality properties and constraints. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In requirements engineering, which requirement specifies that software should operate across different operating systems?

<p>Portability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes functional requirements from non-functional requirements?

<p>Non-functional requirements address system attributes and quality. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of a functional requirement?

<p>Ensure the system is user-friendly (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of requirement involves the system's ability to handle up to 20,000 users?

<p>Scalability requirement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the term 'usability' in the context of non-functional requirements?

<p>How user-friendly the system is from the user's perspective (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Requirements Engineering

The process of discovering, analyzing, documenting, and managing the needs and expectations of stakeholders for a software system.

Requirements

Statements detailing the services a software should provide and the conditions under which it should operate.

Functional Requirements

Requirements that describe the specific functions a software system must perform. They outline the actions the software is expected to carry out.

Non-Functional Requirements

Requirements that specify quality attributes, constraints, and other non-functional aspects of a software system. They describe how well the software should perform in various areas.

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System Definition

A detailed description of the software system that the contractor provides to the client. It ensures the client understands and can validate what the software will do.

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Importance of Requirements Engineering

The fundamental aspect of successful software development that ensures the software meets all stakeholder needs, is delivered on time, within budget, and to the required quality standards.

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Software Requirement (IEEE Definition)

A clear, correct, and well-defined statement of a capability that the software should possess to solve a real-world problem.

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Importance of Clear Requirements

Requirements should be clear, correct, and well-defined to avoid misunderstandings and ensure the software meets expectations.

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Students register courses

A requirement specifying that students can register for courses, view their attendance and grades, and make payments.

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Teachers upload materials

A requirement specifying that teachers can upload study materials, record attendance, and create announcements.

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Scalability

A requirement specifying that the system should be able to handle a large number of users simultaneously.

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Usability

A requirement specifying that the system should be easy to use and understand for all users.

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Portability

A requirement specifying that the system should be able to operate on different operating systems.

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Flexibility

A requirement specifying that the system should be able to adapt to new requirements without major changes.

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What are functional requirements?

These are services that the system must provide. They define the functionalities of the software and how it will solve a problem. They are specified by users and directly related to user and business requirements.

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What are non-functional requirements?

These requirements go beyond functionality, encompassing quality attributes, constraints, and other non-functional aspects of the system. They describe how well the system performs in various areas.

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How are functional requirements evaluated?

Functional requirements are evaluated through functional testing, such as unit or integration tests. These tests ensure that the software behaves as expected.

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How are non-functional requirements evaluated?

Non-functional requirements are evaluated through performance, security, and usability tests. These tests assess how well the system performs, how secure it is, and how easy it is to use.

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Who specifies functional requirements?

Functional requirements are specified by users, who know best what the software should accomplish. They are essential for understanding the system's purpose.

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Who specifies non-functional requirements?

Non-functional requirements are often specified by architects, developers, and technical personnel. They ensure the system's quality and maintainability.

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Are functional requirements mandatory?

They are mandatory because they are specified by users and directly impact the software's purpose. If they are not met, the software won't be useful.

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Are non-functional requirements mandatory?

They are not always mandatory and depend on the availability of functional requirements. While important, they are often decided after the system's core functionalities are defined.

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Study Notes

Requirements Engineering

  • Requirements engineering is the process of identifying, analyzing, documenting, and managing the needs and expectations of stakeholders for a software system.
  • It defines what services the software should provide and the conditions under which it should operate.
  • Requirements can range from high-level abstract statements to detailed functional specifications.
  • Effective requirements engineering is critical to successful software development projects. Ensuring the software meets stakeholder needs, is delivered on time and within budget, and to required quality standards.
  • Once a contract is awarded, the contractor must create a detailed system definition for the client, allowing them to understand and validate the software's intended functions.

Types of Software Requirements

  • IEEE defines software requirements as the capabilities that a software system must possess in order to solve a real-world problem. Requirements should be clear, correct, and well-defined.
  • There are two main types:
    • Functional Requirements: Describe the functionality or system services in detail outlining what the system should provide and how it should react to particular inputs. Essentially defining "what" the system should do.
    • Non-Functional Requirements: Define system quality properties including reliability, response time, maintainability, scalability, portability, storage requirements, environmental, and regulatory aspects. Unlike functional requirements, these define how the system will perform. These requirements apply to the whole system and not to specific features or services.

Examples - Functional Requirements

  • Students should be able to register for courses, view attendance records, view grades, make payments, and access other related functionalities.
  • Search options should be available.
  • Teachers should be able to upload study materials, record attendance, create announcements, and perform other related functions.
  • Systems should allow updates and deletions of records.

Examples - Non-Functional Requirements

  • The software should be able to handle at least 20,000 users.
  • The software should be able to operate on different operating systems (portability).
  • The software should be able to accommodate new requirements (flexibility).
  • Error handling mechanisms are required for the software.
  • The software should be user-friendly (usability).
  • Staff should not have the ability to update their salary information.

Non-Functional Requirements Categories

  • Product requirements (e.g., Efficiency, Dependability, Security)
  • Organizational requirements (e.g., Environmental, Operational, Regulatory, Development)
  • External requirements (e.g., Ethical, Legislative, Accounting, Safety/Security)

Difference Between Functional and Non-Functional Requirements

Feature Functional Requirements Non-Functional Requirements
Definition Describe what the system should do (specific functionalities or tasks). Describe how the system should perform (system attributes or quality).
Focus Features of the system Performance, usability, and other quality attributes
Details Actions and operations of the system Conditions that the system must operate under
Testing Functional testing (e.g., unit or integration tests) Performance testing, security testing, and usability testing
Examples User authentication, I/O, transaction processing Scalability, security, response time, reliability, and maintainability
Nature Mandatory Often non-mandatory (but crucial for system adequacy)

Summary

  • Software requirements define the system's desired behavior and functionalities, as well as its operating constraints.
  • Functional requirements describe what the system does.
  • Non-functional requirements describe how the system performs and operates.
  • Non-functional requirements are often critical and can make or break a system. If they are not met, the system might be useless.

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Related Documents

Software Engineering Requirements PDF

Description

This quiz covers the essential aspects of requirements engineering, including the processes involved in identifying and managing stakeholder needs for software systems. It emphasizes the importance of clear and detailed software requirements for successful project delivery. Test your knowledge on the types and definitions of software requirements as outlined by IEEE.

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