Republican Party History Quiz 1850s
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Questions and Answers

What was the primary platform of the Republican Party upon its founding?

  • Supporting free trade policies
  • Promoting a pro-slavery constitution
  • Opposing the expansion of slavery (correct)
  • Advocating for the expansion of slavery

    • Which candidate did the Democrats nominate in the 1856 presidential election?

  • Millard Fillmore
  • Abraham Lincoln
  • James Buchanan (correct)
  • John C. Frémont

    • What significant event or legislation did the Republican Party oppose shortly after its formation?

  • Fugitive Slave Law
  • Missouri Compromise
  • Kansas-Nebraska Act (correct)
  • Compromise of 1850

    • What characterized the Republican Party's performance in the elections during the 1850s?

    <p>Making a strong showing for a sectional party</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following was NOT part of the Republican Party's platform?

    <p>Promotion of slave labor in the territories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant outcome of the Nat Turner Rebellion?

    <p>It caused a wave of retaliatory measures by slave owners.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which was a factor that led to the independence of Texas?

    <p>Settlers refused to convert to Catholicism as required.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one reason President Jackson denied the annexation of Texas?

    <p>He was concerned about the impact on U.S. relations with Mexico.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key factor leading to the execution of more than 100 African Americans following the Nat Turner Rebellion?

    <p>Retaliatory measures taken by slave owners.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event resulted from General Santa Anna's capture during the Texas independence movement?

    <p>A surprise attack leading to the signing of a treaty.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary cause of the Mexican-American War in 1846?

    <p>The U.S annexation of Texas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following provisions was included in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?

    <p>Mexico recognized the Rio Grande as the southern border of Texas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What consequence did the Wilmot Proviso propose?

    <p>Prohibit slavery in all new territories acquired from Mexico</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event significantly contributed to the tensions leading up to the Mexican-American War?

    <p>Confrontations between American soldiers and the Mexican army</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one result of the Gadsden Purchase in 1853?

    <p>It expanded U.S. territory in the Southwest for a railroad</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What economic event occurred immediately after the Panic of 1857?

    <p>Cotton prices fell rapidly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which military leader was ordered by President Polk to move toward the Rio Grande?

    <p>General Zachary Taylor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main reason for Southern dissatisfaction after acquiring territory from Mexico?

    <p>New territories were primarily free states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding Mexico's military performance during the conflict?

    <p>Mexico's army faced significant challenges and failures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the Wilmot Proviso in the Senate?

    <p>It was shot down in Senate but passed the House two times</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main reason Southern leaders sought to acquire Cuba?

    <p>To expand their agricultural economy based on slavery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the Ostend Manifesto?

    <p>A proposal by President Pierce to acquire Cuba through purchase or force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following proposals was intended to address the issue of slavery in the territories acquired from Mexico?

    <p>The Wilmot Proviso</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Election of 1848, which candidate represented the Free-Soil party?

    <p>Martin Van Buren</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What political principle did Lewis Cass advocate for regarding slavery in the new territories?

    <p>Popular sovereignty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Congress's reaction to the Ostend Manifesto when it was leaked to the press?

    <p>They expressed outrage and demanded it be abandoned</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did abolitionists view the expansion of slavery in the western territories?

    <p>They campaigned for its elimination, similar to the North</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which state of affairs did the Free-Soil Movement oppose?

    <p>Westward expansion of slavery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the Dred Scott case?

    <p>The case was seen as a pivotal moment that increased sectional tensions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Abraham Lincoln's stance during the Lincoln-Douglas debates?

    <p>He sought to limit the expansion of slavery while discussing its moral implications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary result of John Brown's raid at Harpers Ferry?

    <p>It resulted in John Brown's execution and increased tensions between the North and South.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the Supreme Court ruling in the Dred Scott case impact the Missouri Compromise?

    <p>It deemed the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one consequence of Lincoln's election in 1860?

    <p>It sparked immediate calls for secession among Southern leaders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Chief Justice Roger Taney's ruling regarding Dred Scott's ability to sue?

    <p>Dred Scott did not have the right to sue because he was not considered a citizen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Southern leaders believe would be a result of Lincoln's election?

    <p>It would prompt a convention to discuss secession.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the focus of the nation during the Lincoln-Douglas debates?

    <p>Douglas's campaign for reelection as senator from Illinois.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary belief of abolitionists regarding slavery?

    <p>It was an evil institution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following was a component of Henry Clay's proposal?

    <p>Dividing the Mexican cession into territories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Fugitive Slave Law entail?

    <p>Runaway slaves could be captured without trial.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the impact of 'Uncle Tom's Cabin' on public perception?

    <p>It shocked many people and portrayed slavery as evil.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the most famous conductor of the Underground Railroad?

    <p>Harriet Tubman</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one effect of California's admission as a free state?

    <p>It increased Northern political power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What challenge did the Whig Party face during the election of 1852?

    <p>Disagreement on slavery issues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of vigilance committees organized by abolitionists?

    <p>To assist runaway slaves from slave catchers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did President Lincoln refer to as the 'great war' when meeting Harriet Beecher Stowe?

    <p>The Civil War</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which military hero did the Whig Party nominate for the election of 1852?

    <p>General Winfield Scott</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Nat Turner Rebellion (1831)

    • Slave rebellion in Virginia
    • Rebelled against harsh working conditions
    • Killed approximately 60 white people
    • Led to retaliatory violence against enslaved people
    • Increased Southern fear of slave revolts
    • Many enslaved African Americans were executed
    • Inspired abolitionists

    Causes of Texas Independence (1834)

    • Mexico outlawed slavery and required Catholic conversion for immigrants
    • Settlers resisted these policies
    • Growing tension with Mexico
    • Texas declared independence
    • General Santa Anna was captured
    • Mexican government refused to recognize the treaty

    Texas Annexation Conflict (1834-1845)

    • US annexation initially denied due to balancing concerns of free and slave states
    • Jackson feared conflict with Mexico
    • Later attempts by John Tyler and President Polk faced opposition for the same reason, including concerns over potential war with Mexico
    • US annexation of Texas was opposed because it could provoke war with Mexico

    Causes of the Mexican-American War (1846-1848)

    • US annexation of Texas strained relations with Mexico
    • US President Polk ordered troops to the Rio Grande, a disputed border region
    • Mexican forces clashed with US troops, sparking the war
    • One such event was the killing of 11 American soldiers

    Manifest Destiny

    • Belief in US expansion across North America
    • Desire for more land and resources
    • Encouraged expansion into Latin American territories
    • Southerners viewed new territories as suitable for plantation agriculture.

    Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848)

    • Ended the Mexican-American War
    • Recognized the Rio Grande as the border between Texas and Mexico
    • US gained possession of California and New Mexico
    • US paid Mexico $15 million

    Gadsden Purchase (1853)

    • US purchased land from Mexico for construction of a railroad
    • Acquired territory in present-day New Mexico, and Arizona
    • Land was ideal for railroad construction

    Wilmot Proviso (1846)

    • Proposal to prohibit slavery in any territory acquired from Mexico
    • Failed to pass Congress, but it highlighted growing tensions over the expansion of slavery

    Panic of 1857

    • Economic downturn affecting the Midwestern and Northern economies
    • Agricultural prices dropped, leading to decreased farmers income, leading to increased unemployment.
    • Southerners thought their economy was strong, and the downturn, which did not impact them as much, was a consequence of the Northern economy.
    • Policy of allowing residents of new territories to decide on issues such as slavery
    • Contributed to tensions leading up to the Civil War

    Compromise of 1850

    • Series of laws aimed at resolving the slavery debate.
    • Included admitting California as a free state.
    • Established Utah and New Mexico as territories where residents could decide on slavery.
    • Strengthened the Fugitive Slave Act in order to reduce the chance of runaway slaves.
    • Banned the slave trade in Washington D.C

    Fugitive Slave Act

    • Required the return of runaway slaves to their owners
    • Harsh penalties for those assisting escaped slaves
    • Increased tensions between the North and South

    Underground Railroad

    • Network of secret routes and safe houses used by enslaved people to escape to freedom
    • Assisted by abolitionists and free African Americans

    Uncle Tom's Cabin (1852)

    • Anti-slavery novel by Harriet Beecher Stowe
    • Portrayed the cruelty of slavery
    • Increased support for the abolitionist movement in the North

    Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)

    • Allowed residents of Kansas and Nebraska to decide on the issue of slavery
    • Led to violent clashes between pro-slavery and anti-slavery settlers ("Bleeding Kansas")
    • Repealed the Missouri Compromise

    Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)

    • Supreme Court ruling that declared African Americans were not citizens and had no legal right to sue
    • Declared the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional

    Election of 1860

    • Abraham Lincoln's election as president
    • Triggered Southern states to secede from the Union

    John Brown's Raid (1859)

    • Armed raid by John Brown on Harpers Ferry, Virginia
    • Intended to spark a slave uprising
    • Led to increased tensions and violence

    Lecompton Constitution (1857)

    • Pro-slavery constitution for Kansas
    • Rejected by Congress, contributing to sectional conflicts

    Election of 1856

    • Democrat James Buchanan won the Presidential election, solidifying Southern power.

    Secession of the South (1860-1861)

    • Southern states seceded from the Union following Lincoln's election
    • Formation of the Confederate States of America
    • Triggered the start of the Civil War

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    Description

    Test your knowledge about the founding and early years of the Republican Party during the 1850s. This quiz covers important events, elections, and significant figures related to the party's emergence and its opposition to certain legislations. Challenge yourself and learn more about this pivotal time in American history.

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