Reproductive System Overview

Reproductive System - Female

• Ovary: Produces eggs (ova) and hormones (estrogen and progesterone). Regulates the menstrual cycle. Crucial for reproduction and hormone control.
• Fallopian Tube: Transports the egg from the ovary to the uterus. Common site for fertilization.
• Uterus: Nurtures a fertilized egg into a fetus. Muscular walls contract during childbirth. The central organ for pregnancy and childbirth.
• Cervix: Opening between the uterus and vagina. Produces mucus, which changes consistency during the menstrual cycle, aiding or blocking sperm. A gateway for sperm during reproduction.
• Vagina: Acts as a canal for intercourse, menstrual flow, and childbirth. Vital for sexual reproduction and delivery during birth.

Reproductive System - Male

• Prostate Gland: Produces a fluid that forms part of semen. Helps propel semen through the urethra during ejaculation. Provides an alkaline environment, protecting sperm in the acidic vaginal tract.
• Seminal Vesicle: Produces a thick fluid providing energy for sperm.
• Vas Deferens: Transports mature sperm from the testes to the urethra. Prepares sperm for ejaculation.
• Testes: Produce sperm and hormones (primarily testosterone). Regulates male secondary sexual characteristics (e.g., voice deepening, body hair).
• Scrotum: A sac holding the testes outside the body. Maintains a cooler temperature than body temperature, essential for sperm production.
• Penis: Facilitates sexual intercourse and carries semen and urine out of the body.
• Urethra: Carries urine from the bladder and semen from the reproductive system out of the body. Provides a pathway for sperm during ejaculation.

5 Psychosexual Stages

• Freud's theory of personality development focuses on stages in childhood. Each stage centers around a different erogenous zone.
• Oral Stage (0-1 years): Focuses on the mouth (sucking, biting, breastfeeding). Conflict arises when weaning occurs. Potential adult fixations include oral activities (smoking, overeating, nail-biting); and dependency or aggression.
• Anal Stage (1-3 years): Focuses on the anus (controlling bowel movements). Conflict arises during toilet training. Potential adult fixations include anal-retentive (obsessive cleanliness, orderliness) or anal-expulsive (messiness, disorganization).
• Phallic Stage (3-6 years): Focuses on the genitals. Conflict involves the Oedipus (boys) and Electra (girls) complexes – desires for the opposite-sex parent and rivalry with the same-sex parent. Potential adult fixations involve issues with authority, gender identity, or sexual dysfunction.
• Latency Stage (6 years to puberty): A period of dormancy in sexual feelings. Conflicts revolve around developing social skills and relationships outside the family. Potential adult fixations include a lack of meaningful peer relationships or social awkwardness.
• Genital Stage (Puberty onward): Focuses on mature sexual interests. Conflicts involve balancing various aspects of life, including sexuality, work, and relationships. Unsolved conflicts from previous stages may lead to difficulties in mature relationships.

Filipino Values

• Pakikipagkapwa: Emphasizes connection within the community and treating others with respect. Demonstrates empathy and compassion.
• Utang na Loob: Values the reciprocation of acts of generosity and kindness. Children traditionally support their aged parents.
• Hiya: Encourages modesty and propriety in behavior through avoidance of embarrassment. Regulates behavior, encouraging humility and sensitivity towards others.
• Bayanihan: Emphasizes collective effort and community spirit in communal tasks.
• Pamilya: Underscores the importance of family which extends beyond immediate family. Elders are respected, and polite language ("po" and "opo") is used.
• Religious Faith and Spirituality: A deep connection to Catholicism in Filipino culture. Daily prayers, attending Mass, and celebrations are common. Resilience often attributed to faith.
• Hospitality: Warm and welcoming nature towards guests. Provision of food, drinks, and accommodations is a common practice.
• Resilience and Positivity: Filipinos display a positive outlook on life and a focus on overcoming hardships.
• Delicadeza: Focuses on integrity and ethical behavior. Avoiding inappropriate actions to protect personal or family reputation.
• Amor Propio: A strong value related to personal dignity and self-respect. Avoidance of humiliation and loss of face.