Reproductive System Chapter 28
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Questions and Answers

What is the innermost layer of granulosa cells that make up the cumulus oophorus?

  • Corona radiata (correct)
  • Corpus luteum
  • Thecal cells
  • Primordial germ cells
  • What structure becomes corpus albicans after the corpus luteum breaks down?

  • Mature follicle (correct)
  • Primary oocyte
  • Antral follicle
  • Secondary follicle
  • What happens to the germ cells before birth in females?

  • Become oogonia
  • Undergo maturation
  • Migrate to the yolk sac
  • Degenerate in atresia (correct)
  • What is the function of the thecal cells in the secondary follicle?

    <p>Act as connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure secretes progesterone and estrogen after ovulation?

    <p>Corpus luteum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the antrum within a mature follicle contain?

    <p>Fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diploid (2n) stem cell that divides mitotically to produce millions of germ cells?

    <p>Oogonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does most of the germ cells degenerate in a process known as atresia?

    <p>Before birth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to remnants of the follicle after ovulation?

    <p>Become corpus luteum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the space between the uterus and urinary bladder called?

    <p>Vesicouterine pouch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered an accessory sex organ in females?

    <p>Mammary glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anchors the ovary to the lateral uterus?

    <p>Ovarian ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells surround the ovary's cortex?

    <p>Cuboidal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure secretes estrogen and progesterone within the ovary?

    <p>Corpus luteum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most primitive type of follicle within an ovary?

    <p>Primordial follicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which peritoneal fold attaches to each anterior ovary by its hilum?

    <p>Mesovarium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What layer of connective tissue divides the ovary into an outer cortex and an inner medulla?

    <p>Tunica albuginea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What surrounds the primary oocyte in a primary follicle?

    <p>Granulosa cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary sex organs in the male and female reproductive systems?

    <p>Ovaries in females, testes in males</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormones are produced by the male gonads?

    <p>Testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stimulates the release of FSH and LH from the anterior pituitary gland?

    <p>GnRH (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common function of the clitoris and the glans of the penis?

    <p>Contain erectile tissue for sexual arousal and climax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the greater vestibular gland in the female reproductive system?

    <p>Secrete mucin for lubrication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what stage does puberty start?

    <p>When GnRH increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the female reproductive system to provide nourishment for?

    <p>Baby</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of ducts in both male and female reproductive systems?

    <p>Transport gametes from gonads to fertilization site</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of sex hormones produced by gonads in both male and female reproductive systems?

    <p>To affect maturation, development, and activity of reproductive organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does fertilization typically occur in the uterine tube?

    <p>Ampulla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the muscles of the pelvic floor in relation to the uterus?

    <p>Help resist intra-abdominal pressure and hold the uterus in place</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligaments attach the cervix and superior vagina to the pelvic wall?

    <p>Transverse cervical ligaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the uterine tube represents about one-third of its entire length?

    <p>Isthmus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the position called when the uterus is normally angled anterosuperiorly across the superior surface of the urinary bladder?

    <p>Anteverted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the uterine wall is composed of smooth muscle capable of hypertrophy and hyperplasia during pregnancy?

    <p>Myometrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligaments connect the inferior portion of the uterus to the sacrum?

    <p>Uterosacral ligaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the fimbriae in the uterine tube at the time of ovulation?

    <p>Enclose the ovary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name given to a condition where the uterus protrudes through the vagina due to weak support?

    <p>Prolapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the secondary oocyte if it is not fertilized?

    <p>It degenerates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic chromosome count of a secondary oocyte?

    <p>23 chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fate of the primary oocyte just before ovulation?

    <p>It completes meiosis I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the first polar body in oocyte development?

    <p>Contains discarded nuclear material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure is formed after the mature (graafian) follicle ruptures?

    <p>Secondary oocyte</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the immediate result of the secondary oocyte completing the second meiotic division?

    <p>Becomes an ovum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the secondary oocyte after ovulation?

    <p>Divides into two haploid cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during the final stage of meiosis when the secondary oocyte is arrested?

    <p>Production of a polar body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the nuclei of the sperm cell and ovum uniting?

    <p>Production of a zygote</p> Signup and view all the answers

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