Reproductive System Chapter 28

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What is the innermost layer of granulosa cells that make up the cumulus oophorus?

Corona radiata (correct)

Corpus luteum

Thecal cells

Primordial germ cells

What structure becomes corpus albicans after the corpus luteum breaks down?

Mature follicle (correct)

Primary oocyte

Antral follicle

Secondary follicle

What happens to the germ cells before birth in females?

Become oogonia

Undergo maturation

Migrate to the yolk sac

Degenerate in atresia (correct)

What is the function of the thecal cells in the secondary follicle?

Act as connective tissue Signup and view all the answers

Which structure secretes progesterone and estrogen after ovulation?

Corpus luteum Signup and view all the answers

What does the antrum within a mature follicle contain?

Fluid Signup and view all the answers

What is the diploid (2n) stem cell that divides mitotically to produce millions of germ cells?

Oogonia Signup and view all the answers

When does most of the germ cells degenerate in a process known as atresia?

Before birth Signup and view all the answers

What happens to remnants of the follicle after ovulation?

Become corpus luteum Signup and view all the answers

What is the space between the uterus and urinary bladder called?

Vesicouterine pouch Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered an accessory sex organ in females?

Mammary glands Signup and view all the answers

What anchors the ovary to the lateral uterus?

Ovarian ligament Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells surround the ovary's cortex?

Cuboidal cells Signup and view all the answers

Which structure secretes estrogen and progesterone within the ovary?

Corpus luteum Signup and view all the answers

What is the most primitive type of follicle within an ovary?

Primordial follicle Signup and view all the answers

Which peritoneal fold attaches to each anterior ovary by its hilum?

Mesovarium Signup and view all the answers

What layer of connective tissue divides the ovary into an outer cortex and an inner medulla?

Tunica albuginea Signup and view all the answers

What surrounds the primary oocyte in a primary follicle?

Granulosa cells Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary sex organs in the male and female reproductive systems?

Ovaries in females, testes in males Signup and view all the answers

Which hormones are produced by the male gonads?

Testosterone Signup and view all the answers

What stimulates the release of FSH and LH from the anterior pituitary gland?

GnRH (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone) Signup and view all the answers

What is the common function of the clitoris and the glans of the penis?

Contain erectile tissue for sexual arousal and climax Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the greater vestibular gland in the female reproductive system?

Secrete mucin for lubrication Signup and view all the answers

At what stage does puberty start?

When GnRH increases Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the female reproductive system to provide nourishment for?

Baby Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of ducts in both male and female reproductive systems?

Transport gametes from gonads to fertilization site Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of sex hormones produced by gonads in both male and female reproductive systems?

To affect maturation, development, and activity of reproductive organs Signup and view all the answers

Where does fertilization typically occur in the uterine tube?

Ampulla Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the muscles of the pelvic floor in relation to the uterus?

Help resist intra-abdominal pressure and hold the uterus in place Signup and view all the answers

Which ligaments attach the cervix and superior vagina to the pelvic wall?

Transverse cervical ligaments Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the uterine tube represents about one-third of its entire length?

Isthmus Signup and view all the answers

What is the position called when the uterus is normally angled anterosuperiorly across the superior surface of the urinary bladder?

Anteverted Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the uterine wall is composed of smooth muscle capable of hypertrophy and hyperplasia during pregnancy?

Myometrium Signup and view all the answers

Which ligaments connect the inferior portion of the uterus to the sacrum?

Uterosacral ligaments Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the fimbriae in the uterine tube at the time of ovulation?

Enclose the ovary Signup and view all the answers

What is the name given to a condition where the uterus protrudes through the vagina due to weak support?

Prolapse Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the secondary oocyte if it is not fertilized?

It degenerates Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic chromosome count of a secondary oocyte?

23 chromosomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of the primary oocyte just before ovulation?

It completes meiosis I Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the first polar body in oocyte development?

Contains discarded nuclear material Signup and view all the answers

What structure is formed after the mature (graafian) follicle ruptures?

Secondary oocyte Signup and view all the answers

What is the immediate result of the secondary oocyte completing the second meiotic division?

Becomes an ovum Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the secondary oocyte after ovulation?

Divides into two haploid cells Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the final stage of meiosis when the secondary oocyte is arrested?

Production of a polar body Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the nuclei of the sperm cell and ovum uniting?

Production of a zygote Signup and view all the answers