Reproductive Pathology
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Questions and Answers

What is the main cause of acute endometritis due to puerperal sepsis?

  • Spread from other organs
  • Ascending infection from contaminated instruments
  • Retained blood clots or placental fragments (correct)
  • Presence of sexually transmitted diseases
  • Which bacteria are commonly associated with puerperal sepsis?

  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Treponema pallidum
  • Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  • Streptococcus hemolyticus and E coli (correct)
  • Chlamydia and Gonococcus
  • What are the gross characteristics of the uterus in acute endometritis due to puerperal sepsis?

  • Large (subinvoluted), soft with shreddy (purulent) yellowish endometrium (correct)
  • Small and firm with clear endometrium
  • Normal size and texture with hemorrhagic endometrium
  • Enlarged and hard with necrotic endometrium
  • What complications can arise from puerperal sepsis?

    <p>Severe toxemia and septicemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common theory used to explain endometriosis?

    <p>The metaplastic theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common complication associated with chronic tuberculous endometritis?

    <p>Infertility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is chronic endometritis diagnosed?

    <p>Identification of plasma cells in the stroma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of endometriosis on gross examination?

    <p>Red brown foci or nodules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pelvic structure is frequently involved in endometriosis?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of adenomyosis on microscopic examination?

    <p>Foci of endometrial glands and stroma with hemorrhage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main complication associated with adhesions around the fallopian tubes?

    <p>Infertility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of chronic tuberculous endometritis on biopsy?

    <p>Multiple granulomata of epithelioid cells, lymphocytes, and Langhans’ giant cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacteria are commonly associated with acute endometritis due to puerperal sepsis?

    <p>Streptococcus hemolyticus and E. coli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of acute endometritis due to puerperal sepsis?

    <p>Retained blood clots or placental fragments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of the uterus in acute endometritis due to puerperal sepsis on gross examination?

    <p>Large (subinvoluted), soft with shreddy (purulent) yellowish endometrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common complication associated with puerperal sepsis?

    <p>Severe toxemia and septicemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory is more accepted to explain endometriosis?

    <p>The metaplastic theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of chronic tuberculous endometritis on biopsy?

    <p>Presence of granulomata of epithelioid cells and lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of chronic specific inflammations of the endometrium?

    <p>Tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main complication of adhesions around the fallopian tubes in endometriosis?

    <p>Infertility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of endometriosis on microscopic examination?

    <p>Presence of endometrial glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of adenomyosis on gross examination?

    <p>Enlarged uterus with thick myometrium and haemorrhagic foci</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common complication associated with chronic pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)?

    <p>Infertility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of endometriosis on gross examination?

    <p>Red brown foci or nodules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Acute endometritis is mainly caused by sexually transmitted diseases such as chlamydial or gonococcal infections.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Puerperal sepsis is mainly caused by retained blood clots or placental fragments in the uterus.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The endometrium in acute endometritis due to puerperal sepsis appears yellowish and purulent on gross examination.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Chronic endometritis is diagnosed by the presence of inflammation rich in neutrophils, pus cells, and necrosis in the endometrium.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The presence of plasma cells in the stroma is a diagnostic feature of chronic endometritis.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Endometriosis is characterized by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma in locations such as the lungs and lymph nodes.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Chocolate cysts in endometriosis are typically filled with fresh red blood.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Chronic tuberculous endometritis can present with symptoms like abnormal bleeding and pain.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Fibrosis and adhesions around fallopian tubes resulting from endometriosis do not contribute to infertility.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Chronic specific inflammations of the endometrium include diseases like diabetes and hypertension.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: In adenomyosis, the myometrium does not react to the entrapment of endometrium and remains unchanged.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The regurgitation theory suggests that menstrual backflow through the fallopian tubes is a possible pathogenesis of endometriosis.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

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