Reproductive Hormones and Ovulation
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of the LH surge in the ovulation process?

  • It deselects primary follicles.
  • It stimulates the proliferation of thecal cells.
  • It inhibits the release of oocytes from the follicles.
  • It triggers the release of the mature egg from the dominant follicle. (correct)

    • What initiates the LH surge during the menstrual cycle?

  • High levels of estradiol produced by the dominant follicle. (correct)
  • Low levels of estradiol produced by the follicles.
  • Luteal phase progesterone production.
  • Inhibitory signals from the corpus luteum.

    • What happens to the corpus luteum after ovulation?

  • It becomes the primary follicle.
  • It continues to produce progesterone. (correct)
  • It dissolves immediately.
  • It transforms and increases in size.

    • Which hormone acts on granulosa cells within the follicle?

    <p>FSH. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the LH surge, what impact does LH have on thecal cells?

    <p>It stimulates the production of androgens. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cells are directly involved in the production of estrogens?

    <p>Granulosa cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of androstenedione, produced by theca cells?

    <p>Serve as a precursor for estrogen production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct sequence of events that occurs during the development of a follicle?

    <p>Granulosa cell formation, theca cell formation, ovulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following hormones is directly involved in the process of spermatogenesis?

    <p>Testosterone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the provided thyroid function test results (High TSH, low T4 and T3), what is the most appropriate diagnosis?

    <p>Hypothyroidism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    LH Surge

    A sharp increase in luteinizing hormone that triggers ovulation.

    Positive Feedback Loop

    A process where high estradiol levels stimulate LH and FSH surge.

    Dominant Follicle

    The primary follicle that matures and releases the egg during ovulation.

    Role of Thecal Cells

    Thecal cells produce androgens in response to LH, aiding egg maturation.

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    Corpus Luteum Formation

    The structure that forms from the dominant follicle after ovulation.

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    Theca Cells

    Cells in the ovaries that produce androstenedione when stimulated by LH.

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    Granulosa Cells

    Ovarian cells that convert testosterone to estrone using P450 aromatase.

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    Follicles Composition

    Follicles are made up of granulosa cells, theca cells, and an ova.

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    Endometrium

    Lining of the uterus that changes during the menstrual cycle.

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    Primary Hypothyroidism

    Condition indicated by high TSH and low T4 and T3 thyroid hormones.

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    Study Notes

    Ovulation Triggered by LH Surge

    • LH surge, not deselection, triggers oocyte release from dominant follicle.
    • High levels of estradiol from the dominant follicle create a positive feedback loop, stimulating a surge in LH and FSH.
    • The surge in LH is the primary trigger for ovulation.
    • LH acts on thecal cells to produce androgens, not inhibit their proliferation.
    • FSH acts on granulosa cells within the follicle.
    • Ovulation leads to corpus luteum formation.

    Follicle Structure and Function

    • Follicles contain granulosa cells, theca cells, and an oocyte.
    • Follicles are located in the ovaries, not the endometrium.
    • Endometrium lines the uterus and changes during the menstrual cycle.

    Hormone Roles in Spermatogenesis

    • Testosterone (T) plays a crucial role in sperm maturation.
    • Inhibin negatively regulates FSH and LH.
    • Androgen-Binding Protein (ABP) enhances testosterone's effectiveness in the tubules.
    • FSH stimulates Sertoli cells to produce ABP and provide nutrients for sperm production.

    Thyroid Function Tests (TFTs) Interpretation

    • High TSH, low T4 and T3 indicate primary hypothyroidism.

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    Description

    This quiz covers key concepts related to ovulation and the roles of hormones such as LH, FSH, and testosterone in female and male reproductive systems. Understand the dynamics of follicle structure, function, and the hormonal feedback mechanisms involved. Perfect for students studying reproductive biology.

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