Transcription II
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a component of the lac operon in prokaryotes?

  • lac Repressor (correct)
  • cis-Acting Regulatory Elements
  • Transactivators
  • DNA Methylation

    • What is the function of cAMP in the regulation of transcription in prokaryotes?

  • It binds to cis-acting regulatory elements
  • It activates transrepressors
  • It promotes DNA methylation
  • It stimulates transcription of the lac operon (correct)

    • Which of the following is involved in the epigenetic regulation of transcription in eukaryotes?

  • Deacetylation of Histones (correct)
  • Antibiotics
  • Assembly of Pre-initiation Complex
  • DNase I Hypersensitive Sites

    • Which of the following is a cis-acting regulatory element that is located closest to the transcription start site of a gene?

    <p>Proximal promoter elements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cis-acting regulatory element that can activate transcription independent of distance from the core promoter?

    <p>Enhancer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a trans-acting factor involved in the regulation of transcription?

    <p>Activator (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a functional domain of an activator protein?

    <p>Transactivation Domain (TAD) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of regulation is described in the lac operon model?

    <p>Negative regulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the lac repressor protein?

    <p>To bind to the operator and repress transcription (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of cAMP in the positive regulation of the lac operon?

    <p>To bind to a protein called CAP and facilitate binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true about the regulation of the lac operon in the presence of both lactose and glucose?

    <p>Transcription of the lac operon is repressed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about zinc fingers?

    <p>They are stabilized by a zinc ion coordinately bound to 2 Cys and 2 His residues (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a steroid hormone binds to the ligand binding domain of its receptor?

    <p>It causes a conformational change in tertiary protein structure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of DNA methylation in gene transcription?

    <p>It silences transcription of a gene by epigenetic mechanisms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of histone acetylation on chromatin structure?

    <p>It relaxes (opens) chromatin structure and makes it more accessible to transcription factors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for deacetylating lysine residues in histones?

    <p>Histone deacetyltransferases (HDACs) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of coactivator complexes in gene regulation?

    <p>To increase accessibility of regulatory elements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of DNase I hypersensitive sites in gene regulation?

    <p>To indicate regions of transcriptionally active euchromatin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of epigenetic regulation of chromatin structure?

    <p>Protein phosphorylation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which domain of a repressor protein recruits and/or activates corepressors and other mediator proteins to modify chromatin structure and repress assembly of a pre-initiation complex on the core promoter of a target gene?

    <p>Transrepression Domain (TRD) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of repressor protein binds directly to an activator and prevents it from activating transcription?

    <p>Repressor protein that causes a conformational change in the activator (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the dimerization domain in specific transcription factors?

    <p>Forms a dimer for sequence-specific binding to a cis-acting element in DNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which family of specific transcription factors is enriched in basic amino acids (Lys and Arg) and binds directly to a consensus sequence in a cis-acting element such as an enhancer?

    <p>Basic-Leucine Zipper (bZIP) Family (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a-Amanitin?

    <p>It inhibits transcription in eukaryotes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of epigenetic regulation of chromatin structure?

    <p>Deacetylation of histones by HDACs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a trans-acting factor involved in the regulation of transcription?

    <p>Specific transcription factor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cis-acting regulatory element that can activate transcription independent of distance from the core promoter?

    <p>Enhancers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a trans-acting factor involved in the regulation of transcription?

    <p>Activators (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a functional domain of an activator protein?

    <p>Transactivation Domain (TAD) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a consensus binding sequence in a cis-acting element for the specific transcription factor Myc?

    <p>GGGCGG (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a mechanism of chromatin remodeling?

    <p>Removal of individual nucleosomes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a function of lncRNAs in gene regulation?

    <p>Titrate transcription factors away from a gene (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic prevents the formation of the first phosphodiester bond by RNA Polymerase?

    <p>Rifampicin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a function of HDACs in gene regulation?

    <p>Deacetylate histones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key component of the lac operon in prokaryotes?

    <p>Promoter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a mechanism by which a repressor can inhibit transcription of a target gene?

    <p>Binding directly to an activator protein (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following families of specific transcription factors is enriched in basic amino acids (Lys and Arg) and binds directly to a consensus sequence in a cis-acting element such as an enhancer?

    <p>bZIP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of DNase I hypersensitive sites in gene regulation?

    <p>To enhance the binding of transcription factors to DNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a covalent modification of histones that can regulate transcription of specific genes?

    <p>Acetylation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of DNA methylation in gene transcription?

    <p>Inhibits binding of an activator to cis-acting elements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cis-acting element that is located closest to the transcription start site of a gene?

    <p>Promoter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the dimerization domain in specific transcription factors?

    <p>Forms a dimer for sequence-specific binding to DNA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which domain of a repressor protein is responsible for recruiting and/or activating corepressors and other mediator proteins to modify chromatin structure and repress assembly of a pre-initiation complex on the core promoter of a target gene?

    <p>Transrepression Domain (TRD) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of repressor protein binds directly to an activator and prevents it from activating transcription?

    <p>Direct Inhibition of Activator Protein repressor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which family of specific transcription factors is enriched in basic amino acids (Lys and Arg) and binds directly to a consensus sequence in a cis-acting element such as an enhancer?

    <p>Basic-Leucine Zipper (bZIP) Family (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the dimerization domain in specific transcription factors?

    <p>Allows specific transcription factors to function as homodimers or heterodimers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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