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Renal Physiology Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Why is tubular secretion necessary?

Because of the short ultrafiltration time (correct)

Because of the long ultrafiltration time

To excrete calcium ions

To absorb more water

What is the function of aldosterone in the kidney?

To increase potassium excretion

To decrease sodium reabsorption and water

To increase calcium ion excretion

To increase sodium reabsorption and water (correct)

What is the primary cause of acute post-Streptococcal glomerulonephritis?

Klebsiella pneumoniae infection

E. coli infection

Streptococcal infection (correct)

Staphylococcus aureus infection

What is the outcome of chronic glomerulonephritis?

Progression to CKD and ESRD (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of glomerulonephritis?

Immunemediated damage to the glomerulus (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of parathyroid hormone on blood calcium levels?

Increase calcium levels (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of deposits are associated with glomerulonephritis caused by staphylococcus?

IgA and C3 complement (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the targets of the immune response in post-streptococcal disease?

Glomerular basement membrane (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of glomerulonephritis?

Hematuria (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a laboratory test used to diagnose glomerulonephritis?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common physical examination finding in glomerulonephritis?

Edema in the dependent areas (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a complication of glomerulonephritis?

Systemic hypertension (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of proteins such as albumin passing through the cell membrane into the urine?

Hypoalbuminemia (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for the liver's compensatory mechanism involving the synthesis of proteins?

To compensate for hypoalbuminemia (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a 24-hour urine collection in the diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome?

To assess proteinuria (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of dietary modification in the management of nephrotic syndrome?

To reduce salt and fluid intake (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of daily weighing in the management of nephrotic syndrome?

To monitor edema (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the kidneys in regulating fluid and electrolyte balance?

To regulate fluid and electrolyte balance (C) Signup and view all the answers