16 Questions
What does an elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) indicate?
Decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
Which factor affects the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level?
Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding
What does a normal serum creatinine concentration imply?
Normal kidney function
When is an increase in serum phosphorus concentration typically seen in chronic renal diseases?
When more than 85% of nephrons are non-functional
What is the effect of cachexia on serum creatinine concentrations?
Reduction
What is the purpose of renal secondary hyperparathyroidism in relation to serum phosphorus concentration?
To keep the serum phosphorus concentration within normal limits by excreting more phosphorus into the urine
Why can serum phosphorus concentration be much higher in immature animals?
Due to higher parathyroid hormone levels
Which biomarker increases earlier than creatinine as glomerular filtration rate decreases?
Symmetric dimethylarginine
In chronic kidney disease, what is used for staging based on blood creatinine and SDMA concentrations?
Exogenous creatinine clearance
What does fractional excretion of sodium indicate in the differentiation of prerenal and primary renal azotemia?
Sodium conservation with a very low fractional excretion of sodium in prerenal azotemia
What is the usefulness of monitoring urinary enzymes for renal tubular damage detection?
Both Υ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and NAG are specific for renal tubular damage
What property of urine is typically altered in dogs and may become cloudy?
Appearance due to mucus or casts
What causes urine to have a red or reddish-brown color?
Intact redblood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin, or myoglobin
Yellow-brown to yellow-green is due to bilirubin
What is the effect of urinary enzymes N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) in detecting renal tubular damage?
Increases in urinary NAG are specific for renal tubular damage
Which specific enzyme is a membrane-bound enzyme specific for renal tubular damage?
Υ-glutamyltransferase (GGT)
Test your knowledge of evaluating renal function with this quiz covering blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels. Learn about the factors affecting BUN levels and the significance of creatinine elevation in assessing kidney function.
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