Renal Autoregulation Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What enzyme is secreted by the cells of the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus under sympathetic stimulation or hypovolemia?

  • ANP
  • Renin (correct)
  • Angiotensin 2
  • ACE

Which plasma protein, produced by the liver, is converted by renin?

  • Angiotensinogen (correct)
  • ACE
  • Angiotensin 1
  • Angiotensin converting enzyme

What stimulates the secretion of aldosterone by the adrenal glands?

  • ANP
  • Calcitonin
  • Elevated blood potassium (correct)
  • Angiotensin 2

Which hormone is involved in the regulation of sodium levels along with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system?

<p>ANP (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is formed in small amounts in the lungs, proximal convoluted tubule, and other tissues?

<p>ACE (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells secrete hydrogen ions to maintain normal pH?

<p>Cells of the proximal convoluted tubule (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to autoregulation of renal blood flow when the innervation of renal vessels is interrupted?

<p>It continues to operate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In severe shock, when systolic blood pressure (SBP) falls below 80 mmHg, what happens to renal blood flow and hydrostatic pressure?

<p>They drop, impairing filtration in the nephrons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main constituent of urine that is eliminated by the body?

<p>Water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum volume of urine needed to excrete waste products from the body per day?

<p>$500$ ml (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What controls the balance between fluid intake and loss in the body?

<p>Kidneys (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What hormone controls the amount of urine produced beyond the minimum needed for waste excretion?

<p>Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the glomerulus in the kidney?

<p>Formation of urine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process ensures that blood cells and large molecules remain in the capillaries during urine formation?

<p>Filtration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in the regulation of urine volume?

<p>Promote water reabsorption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the presence of plasma proteins differ between the filtrate in the glomerulus and actual plasma?

<p>Plasma proteins are reduced in the filtrate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a process involved in the formation of urine?

<p>Filtration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does autoregulation contribute to controlling renal blood flow?

<p>By regulating blood vessel caliber independently of autoregulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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