18 Questions
What is the range of systolic arterial pressure at which RBF remains stable?
90 to 180 mmHg
What is the primary function of the autoregulation mechanism in the kidneys?
To maintain delivery of oxygen and nutrients at a normal level
What happens to the afferent arterioles when systemic blood pressure increases?
They constrict
What is the minimum mean arterial pressure required to perfuse vital organs?
60 mmHg
What is the mechanism by which the kidneys respond to changes in systemic blood pressure?
All of the above
What is the result of declining systemic blood pressure on the afferent arterioles?
They dilate
What is the effect of Angiotensin II on RBF and GFR?
Decreases RBF and increases GFR
Which of the following hormones causes vasodilatation and increases RBF?
Prostaglandin E2
What is the effect of Natriuretic peptides on RBF and GFR?
Increases both RBF and GFR
Which of the following substances is a potent vasoconstrictor of afferent and efferent arterioles?
Endothelin
What is the effect of ACE inhibitors on GFR?
Decreases GFR
What is the effect of dopamine on RBF and GFR at low doses?
Increases RBF but has no effect on GFR
What is the primary function of the juxtaglomerular apparatus in the regulation of GFR?
To provide feedback signals to both the afferent and the efferent arterioles for efficient autoregulation of GFR
What happens to the flow rate in the loop of Henle when there is a decrease in GFR?
It increases, leading to increased reabsorption of sodium and chloride ions
What is the effect of an increase in arterial blood pressure on GFR?
It increases GFR by increasing the flow rate in the loop of Henle
What is the role of the sympathetic nervous system in the regulation of RBF and GFR?
It causes renal vasoconstriction and decreases RBF and GFR
What is the purpose of the sympathetic nervous system's control of RBF and GFR during severe acute disturbances?
To shunt blood to the vital organs such as the heart and brain
What is the effect of a decrease in sodium chloride delivery to the distal tubule on the afferent arteriole?
It causes dilation of the afferent arteriole
Learn about the autoregulation mechanism of the kidneys that maintains a stable Renal Blood Flow (RBF) and Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) despite changes in systemic arterial blood pressure.
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