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Questions and Answers
What is the normal Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) range?
What is the normal Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) range?
- 50-75 ml/min
- 250-300 ml/min
- 180-200 ml/min
- 120-125 ml/min (correct)
Which cells are involved in the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism?
Which cells are involved in the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism?
- Macula densa cells (correct)
- Juxtaglomerular complex cells
- Podocytes
- Granular cells
What is the main mechanism to increase blood pressure?
What is the main mechanism to increase blood pressure?
- Sympathetic nervous system
- Myogenic mechanism
- Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone mechanism (correct)
- Tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism
What is the function of the myogenic mechanism in the kidney?
What is the function of the myogenic mechanism in the kidney?
Which route is limited by tight junctions in the kidney tubules?
Which route is limited by tight junctions in the kidney tubules?
What is the response of the sympathetic nervous system when extracellular fluid (ECF) is low?
What is the response of the sympathetic nervous system when extracellular fluid (ECF) is low?
What is the net filtration pressure (NFP) equation?
What is the net filtration pressure (NFP) equation?
What determines who gets filtered and who doesn’t in the kidneys?
What determines who gets filtered and who doesn’t in the kidneys?
What is the main function of a chemical buffer system?
What is the main function of a chemical buffer system?
Which of the following is a major extracellular fluid (ECF) buffer system?
Which of the following is a major extracellular fluid (ECF) buffer system?
What happens when blood pH rises?
What happens when blood pH rises?
How do the kidneys regulate acid-base balance?
How do the kidneys regulate acid-base balance?
What is the role of type A intercalated cells in the kidneys?
What is the role of type A intercalated cells in the kidneys?
In alkalosis, what do intercalated type B cells in the collecting duct exhibit?
In alkalosis, what do intercalated type B cells in the collecting duct exhibit?
What is the main function of phosphate in the body's buffer systems?
What is the main function of phosphate in the body's buffer systems?
How does the respiratory center respond to raised H+ levels?
How does the respiratory center respond to raised H+ levels?
What is the main mechanism for increasing blood pressure in hormonal regulation of GFR?
What is the main mechanism for increasing blood pressure in hormonal regulation of GFR?
What is the function of aldosterone in the kidneys?
What is the function of aldosterone in the kidneys?
What is the role of myogenic regulation in GFR?
What is the role of myogenic regulation in GFR?
What effect does norepinephrine released by sympathetic nerves have on GFR?
What effect does norepinephrine released by sympathetic nerves have on GFR?
How is glucose reabsorbed in the renal tubules?
How is glucose reabsorbed in the renal tubules?
What is the primary function of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone mechanism?
What is the primary function of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone mechanism?
What is the role of osmotic forces in the renal tubules?
What is the role of osmotic forces in the renal tubules?
What is the effect of aldosterone on Na+ and K+ reabsorption in the collecting ducts?
What is the effect of aldosterone on Na+ and K+ reabsorption in the collecting ducts?
How does the kidney contribute to the regulation of blood pressure?
How does the kidney contribute to the regulation of blood pressure?
What is the primary function of the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism?
What is the primary function of the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism?
What is the effect of ADH in the renal tubules?
What is the effect of ADH in the renal tubules?
How is the pH of 7 maintained in the body?
How is the pH of 7 maintained in the body?
Study Notes
Regulation Mechanisms of Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
- Myogenic regulation: Vascular smooth muscle contracts when stretched and relaxes when not stretched, affecting systemic blood pressure and preventing glomerular blood pressure from reaching damaging levels
- Autoregulation: Kidneys maintain nearly constant GFR despite fluctuations in systemic arterial blood pressure using myogenic and tubuloglomerular feedback
- Neural regulation: Norepinephrine released by sympathetic nerves causes vascular smooth muscle constriction, increasing peripheral resistance and blood pressure, leading to decreased GFR
- Hormonal regulation: Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone mechanism is the main mechanism for increasing blood pressure, triggered by low BP causing granular cells to release renin
- Tubules I: Osmotic forces, counter-current exchanger, and ADH regulate water reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubule and collecting ducts
- Tubules II: Sodium ions are actively transported and handled by the tubules, with aldosterone regulating Na+ and K+ reabsorption in the collecting ducts
- Tubules III: Glucose is reabsorbed by secondary active transport, with a transport maximum reflecting the number of transport proteins available in the renal tubules
- Endocrine function of the kidneys: Renin is released by the kidneys to raise blood pressure, while aldosterone regulates Na+ reabsorption and K+ secretion
- Acid-base balance: The pH of 7 is maintained through various homeostatic mechanisms to regulate hydrogen ion concentration in the body
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Description
Test your knowledge of the Regulation Mechanisms of Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) with this quiz. Explore the myogenic, autoregulatory, neural, hormonal, and tubular mechanisms involved in maintaining GFR and systemic blood pressure. Delve into the endocrine function of the kidneys and their role in acid-base balance.
