flow and achievement

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Which of the following characteristics are associated with Meaning in Life (MIL)?

Coherence, Purpose, Mattering

What is a key concept related to the positive cycle between Meaning in Life (MIL) and social relationships?

Relational Flow

Which theory emphasizes the importance of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) in relation to emotional regulation?

Polyvagal Theory

Which of the following is NOT a key element of Metacognition?

<p>Mindfulness</p> Signup and view all the answers

What leads to better access to the health benefits of social relationships according to the text?

<p>Trait Emotional Intelligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of individuals who experience flow during piano playing?

<p>High Sense of Control</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the effect size for the results of the intervention involving MAP on PSQI?

<p>Large effect size</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which branch of autonomic innervation is associated with 'fight-flight' response?

<p>Sympathetic branch</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of heart rate variability, what does a high HRV indicate?

<p>Dynamic responding and health</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which model links HRV to self-regulation through executive functions?

<p>Neurovisceral Integration Model</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of having low heart rate variability according to the text?

<p>Autonomic inflexibility and disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the study, what was significantly better for MAP when compared to other interventions?

<p>Fatigue interference</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the two predictors in the regression analysis aim to predict?

<p>Overall flow experience during piano playing</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Polyvagal Theory, what does Heart Rate Variability reflect?

<p>Autonomic parasympathetic balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe the fundamental shift in metacognition and mindfulness where 'subject' becomes 'object'?

<p>'Re-perceiving'</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the intensive mindfulness intervention affect inflammatory gene expression in the study?

<p>It decreased inflammatory gene expression</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the regression analysis, what percentage of the overall variance in flow scores was explained by the two predictors?

<p>27%</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one outcome of de-identification with 'a specific thought' as mentioned in the text?

<p>'Cognitive challenges &amp; novel modifications'</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of meditation was associated with a significant decrease in right amygdala activation to emotional stimuli?

<p>Mindful attention and compassion meditation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the average lifetime hours of meditation practice in the meditation group mentioned?

<p>6240 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of intervention was compared in older adults with moderate sleep disturbances regarding sleep improvement?

<p>Mindfulness Awareness Practices (MAP) vs. Sleep Hygiene Education (SHE)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the study by Moore and Malinowski (2009) find when comparing trained meditators to meditation-naïve individuals in terms of attentional performance?

<p>Meditators tested significantly better</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which type of meditation were effects observed on amygdala response to emotional stimuli according to Desbordes et al. (2012)?

<p>Mindfulness meditation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor showed a reduction as a result of Mindfulness Awareness Practices (MAP) in older adults with moderate sleep disturbances?

<p><strong>Sleep disturbances</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between meditation time and depth of meditation?

<p>Positive correlation</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the CALM Model, what leads to regulated attention and motivation?

<p>Achievement expectations</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of waves were found to correlate with self-report ratings of 'clarity' during meditation?

<p>Gamma wave oscillations</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Challenge Achievement Learning Model, what do challenges lead to?

<p>Regulated attention and motivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of challenges as a consistent life factor, what determines behavior change according to the CALM Model?

<p>Relative coherence between challenge expectations and achievement expectations</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key factor that predicts changes in behavior according to the Challenge Achievement Learning Model?

<p>Composite of challenge expectancies/achievement expectancies, attention regulation, and motivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flow can be achieved without having clear goals.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flow is more likely to occur when there is a lack of challenge-skill balance.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

In flow state, individuals are highly self-conscious and focused on their own abilities.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flow involves constantly worrying about potential negative feedback during performance.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flow leads to a distorted perception of time where it passes more tediously and less interestingly.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Autotelic experience refers to a flow state that is not intrinsically rewarding.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flow is more likely to occur when individuals are distracted and lack concentration.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

A sense of control is not essential for achieving flow.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Action-awareness merge in flow state involves overthinking and planning before engaging in activities.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flow experience is characterized by a strong emphasis on pride and vanity.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Challenge Achievement Learning Model (CALM), what is the key factor that predicts changes in behavior?

<p>Perceived challenge</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of meditation was associated with a significant decrease in right amygdala activation to emotional stimuli, according to the study by Desbordes et al. (2012)?

<p>Both mindfulness and compassion meditation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between meditation time and depth of meditation, as suggested by the text?

<p>Longer meditation time leads to deeper meditation depth</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which model links Heart Rate Variability (HRV) to self-regulation through executive functions?

<p>The Neurovisceral Integration Model</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor that leads to regulated attention and motivation, as described in the CALM Model?

<p>Perceived challenges</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Challenge Achievement Learning Model (CALM), what is the key factor that predicts changes in behavior?

<p>Perceived ability to meet challenges</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between meditation time and depth of meditation?

<p>The relationship between meditation time and depth follows an inverted U-shaped curve</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Polyvagal Theory, what does Heart Rate Variability (HRV) reflect?

<p>Increased parasympathetic response and autonomic balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the CALM Model, what leads to regulated attention and motivation?

<p>Perceived ability to meet challenges</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which branch of autonomic innervation is associated with the 'fight-flight' response?

<p>Sympathetic</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor that enables individuals to accumulate a large number of practice hours, such as the 10,000 hour threshold?

<p>Engaging in intense, deliberate practice from an early age</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor that enables individuals to sustain attention and achieve flow states during challenging activities?

<p>Alternating between periods of mind wandering and attentional return</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the EEG data mentioned in the text, what brain wave pattern is associated with the 'peak' or integrative experiences observed in expert meditators?

<p>Gamma waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information provided, which of the following is a key factor that distinguishes elite performers from less able individuals in a given domain?

<p>Differences in the total number of practice hours accumulated</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Challenge Achievement Learning Model (CALM) discussed in the text, what is a key factor that determines behavior change and achievement?

<p>The level of challenge and achievement expectations</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Challenge Achievement Learning Model, what is the composite of challenge expectancies, achievement expectancies, attention regulation, and motivation predictive of?

<p>Behavior change or its absence</p> Signup and view all the answers

What leads to regulated attention and motivation in the context of the CALM Model?

<p>The relative coherence between challenge expectations and achievement expectations</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between meditation time and gamma oscillations, as described in the text?

<p>Longer meditation time is associated with higher levels of gamma oscillations, indicating a greater depth of meditation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key factor that predicts changes in behavior, as described in the Challenge Achievement Learning Model?

<p>The composite of challenge expectancies, achievement expectancies, attention regulation, and motivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between self-reported clarity and gamma wave oscillations during meditation, as mentioned in the text?

<p>Self-reported clarity and gamma wave oscillations were positively correlated, with a correlation coefficient of 0.69.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Flow Experience and Music

  • Flow experience can be predicted by daily amount of practice and trait emotional intelligence, explaining 27% of the overall variance in flow scores (adjusted R2 = 0.27) (Marin and Bhattacharya, 2013)

Polyvagal Theory and Heart Rate Variability

  • Heart Rate Variability (HRV) reflects increased parasympathetic response and autonomic balance
  • HRV is associated with health and dynamic responding, while low HRV is linked to autonomic inflexibility and disease

Metacognition and Mindfulness

  • Metacognition involves a fundamental shift in considering thoughts and objects of awareness, termed 're-perceiving'
  • De-identification with specific thoughts leads to greater flexibility in cognitive modification and response, which is equivalent to flow (Epel, Folkman, Blackburn, 2009; Teasdale, Moore, Segal, 2002)

Mindfulness and Inflammatory Gene Expression

  • One day of intensive mindfulness practice reduced inflammatory gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) (Desbordes et al., 2012)
  • Long-term meditators showed a significant longitudinal decrease in right amygdala activation to visual images of different valences, demonstrating a reduction in emotional reactivity (Desbordes et al., 2012)

Mindfulness and Sleep

  • Mindfulness Awareness Practices (MAP) resulted in significantly better sleep quality compared to Sleep Hygiene Education (SHE) in older adults with moderate sleep disturbances (PSQI) (JAMA - Internal Medicine, 2015)

The Science of Meaning in Life

  • Meaning in Life (MIL) is a subjective state linked to better mental and physical health, characterized by coherence, purpose, and mattering (King, L.A., Hicks, J.A., 2021)
  • MIL is positively correlated with social relationships and relational flow (T.F., Lambert, N.M., 2013)

Heart Rate Variability and Emotions

  • Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is an index of regulated emotional responding (M., Luecken, L.J., 2006)
  • Low HRV is associated with autonomic inflexibility and disease, while high HRV is linked to health and dynamic responding (y, R., Zerr, C.L., 2014)

Neurovisceral Integration Model

  • The Neurovisceral Integration Model links HRV to self-regulation via executive functions and the central autonomic network (CAN) (mith, R., Thayer, J.F., Khalsa, S.S., Lane, R.D., 2017)

Flow and Addiction

  • Flow can lead to addiction when overextended, resulting in diminishing returns and an imbalance in lifestyle

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