Questions and Answers
CPR should be performed on a victim who is?
In cardiac arrest.
What does C.A.B. stand for and when is it used?
Circulation, Airway, Breathing; used for CPR.
Rate of chest compressions during CPR?
100 BPM.
What should the second lifeguard do first when they arrive while you are performing CPR?
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After an AED says 'No Shock Advised', what is best to do?
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How do you position your hands for adult chest compressions?
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What cycles would you perform when CPR-ing a 7-year-old?
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What is the cycle of chest compressions and ventilations in two-rescuer CPR for an infant?
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What is the hand placement for CPR for an adult and child?
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What is the process of using an AED?
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What should you do when a conscious child is choking?
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What is the depth of chest compressions for an adult and child during CPR?
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What should be noted to ensure effective chest compressions during CPR?
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What should you do first if you notice the chest begins to rise and fall during CPR?
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What should you do when giving a primary ventilation to an adult and the chest is not rising?
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What should you do if the victim vomits while giving ventilations through a resuscitation mask?
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How long does it take to administer a rescue breath?
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What is the rescue breathing rate for an adult who is unconscious with a pulse but not breathing?
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What should you do first if you pull an adult from the water and they have a pulse but are breathing irregularly?
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What should you do if a victim is having a seizure in the water?
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How can you protect yourself from possible bloodborne pathogens when treating a victim?
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What is the universal sign that a person is choking?
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What are the steps of the Chain of Survival?
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What does LOC stand for in a secondary assessment?
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Study Notes
CPR and Cardiac Arrest
- CPR is performed on a victim in cardiac arrest, which is an unconscious state with no breathing.
- For an unconscious victim with an obstructed airway, follow similar procedures as CPR.
C.A.B. Sequence
- Stands for Circulation, Airway, Breathing.
- In CPR: 30 chest compressions, open the airway, followed by 2 rescue breaths.
Chest Compression Rate
- The recommended rate for chest compressions during CPR is 100 BPM.
- This is similar to the tempo of "Stayin' Alive" by the Bee Gees.
Second Lifeguard Responsibilities
- When a second lifeguard arrives, they should first check if EMS has been called.
AED Procedure
- After an AED indicates "No Shock Advised," resume CPR for about 2 minutes.
Hand Positioning for Compressions
- Adult: Place the heel of one hand on the center of the chest with the other hand on top.
- For children and infants, different hand placements and pressure adjustments are required.
CPR Cycles for Different Ages
- For a 7-year-old: Perform cycles of 30 chest compressions and 2 ventilations.
- For an infant in two-rescuer CPR: Use 15 chest compressions and 2 ventilations.
Hand Placement Based on Age
- Adult and child: Heel of one hand in the center of the chest.
- Infant: Use 2-3 fingers in the center of the chest, below the nipple line.
AED Setup Process
- Turn on the AED, apply pads, plug in, and follow prompts, continuing CPR during setup.
Choking Response
- For a conscious child who is choking: Deliver 5 back blows followed by 5 abdominal thrusts.
- For an unconscious child: Begin CPR immediately.
Chest Compression Depth
- Adult and child: Compress to a depth of 2 inches.
- Infant: Compress to a depth of 1.5 inches.
Effective Chest Compressions
- Ensure the chest fully recoils between compressions for maximum effectiveness.
Reassessing Breathing
- If chest movement is observed while performing CPR, stop and reassess the victim's breathing and pulse.
Ventilation Techniques
- If the chest does not rise with a primary ventilation, re-tilt the head and attempt again.
Handling Vomiting During Ventilation
- If the victim vomits while using a resuscitation mask, roll them onto their side while maintaining head support.
Timing of Rescue Breaths
- Each rescue breath should take approximately 1 second to administer.
Rescue Breathing Rates
- For adults with a pulse but not breathing: perform 1 ventilation every 5 seconds.
- For children and infants: 1 ventilation every 3 seconds.
Water Rescue Protocol
- Upon retrieving an unconscious adult with a pulse but irregular breathing: provide 2 initial ventilations to clear the airway.
Managing Seizures
- During a water seizure, support the victim's head above water until the seizure subsides.
Bloodborne Pathogen Precautions
- Protect against potential bloodborne pathogens using Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) such as gloves and breathing barriers.
Choking Indicator
- The universal sign of choking is a person clutching their throat.
Chain of Survival Steps
- Immediate recognition and activation of emergency response.
- Early CPR focusing on chest compressions.
- Rapid defibrillation.
- Effective advanced life support.
- Integrated post-cardiac arrest care.
Level of Consciousness (LOC)
- In secondary assessments, consistently check the victim's level of consciousness (LOC).
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Description
Test your knowledge on CPR and lifeguarding techniques with these flashcards. Perfect for anyone preparing for the Red Cross lifeguarding certification. Each card covers essential concepts and terminologies related to CPR and rescue procedures.
