Reconstruction Changes in the South

The period after the American Civil War (1865-1877) focused on rebuilding the South and addressing issues such as slavery and civil rights.

Southern white men who had been excluded from politics before the Civil War and supported the Republican Party during Reconstruction.

Northerners who moved to the South during Reconstruction seeking opportunities, often seen as interfering in Southern life.

A system of farming where landowners provided land, supplies, and a share of the harvest to workers who worked the land.

A system of farming where workers chose crops, bought their own supplies, and shared a portion of the profits with landowners.

A system of farming where workers paid rent to landowners for the land they farmed and were responsible for all expenses and profits.

A white supremacist organization that used violence and intimidation against African Americans during Reconstruction to restore white dominance.

Laws passed by Congress in 1870 and 1871 to enforce the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments and protect the voting rights of African Americans.

The period after the Civil War when the Southern states were readmitted into the Union.

The legal separation of races, especially in the South, which continued even after the end of Reconstruction.

The withdrawal of federal troops from the South marked the beginning of the end of Reconstruction. This was due to the high costs of military actions and other factors like northern racial prejudice and the passing of white reformers who had been champions of civil rights.

This bureau, established during Reconstruction, was tasked with helping formerly enslaved people transition to freedom. However, it was disbanded in 1872 due to financial limitations and shifting political priorities.

This landmark act aimed to provide equal access to public places and transportation for African Americans. However, the Supreme Court weakened its protections, leading to a decline in its effectiveness.

These were white southerners who sought to restore white supremacy and regain political control of the South following Reconstruction. Through a combination of political strategies and intimidation, they achieved their goal, leading to the rise of segregation.

This compromise marked the official end of Reconstruction. It involved the election of Rutherford B. Hayes as president, the withdrawal of federal troops from the South, and provision of federal funds to southern states.

The Reconstruction era brought about changes like tax-supported schools and modernization of infrastructure. However, it failed to fully resolve the bitter divides between the North and South and secure long-term protections for African Americans. Despite the constitutional amendments, racial inequality persisted.

This party was known as the 'party that freed the slaves'. It supported the rights of African Americans and was associated with the interests of big businesses. It found support from both northern and southern African Americans.

This party predominantly represented white southerners who were focused on maintaining white supremacy in the South. At the national level, it was associated with laborers, but it also balanced these interests with its support for segregation in the South.

Jim Crow laws enforced segregation through discriminatory practices and legal measures. These laws restricted African Americans' access to basic rights, such as voting and public facilities.

Measures such as poll taxes, literacy tests, and grandfather clauses were used to disenfranchise African Americans, drastically limiting their voting participation, particularly in the Deep South.