Recombinant DNA Technology Quiz

<p>1972 (A), 1973 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A technique used to disable the expression of a gene. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To determine the biological function and importance of the gene. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The activation of a gene not normally expressed in that cell type. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gene therapy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Insertional inactivation is a result of recombinant DNA technology. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Recombinant molecule inside host cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To identify host cells that have successfully incorporated the desired DNA sequence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The multiplication of the recombinant DNA molecule within the host cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To identify colonies containing the desired DNA sequence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The desired protein is produced (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DNA replication (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Screening for clones (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Expression of recombinant DNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is considered a safe alternative to the traditional rennet extraction process. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enhanced nutritional content with higher levels of vitamin A. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To produce tobacco plants that are resistant to the herbicide Roundup. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Space exploration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Production of anti-aging treatments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can allow the fish to express a new protein, leading to a visible trait. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is more efficient and economical. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It highlights the massive impact and widespread use of recombinant DNA technology in various sectors. (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The use of recombinant DNA to produce valuable pharmaceutical proteins in livestock. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DNA ligase joins together two DNA strands by forming phosphodiester bonds between the 5' phosphate and the 3' hydroxyl groups of adjacent nucleotides. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Molecular cloning replicates DNA within a living cell, while PCR replicates DNA in a test tube. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cloning vectors provide the necessary signals for replication within a living cell. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Recombinant DNA can be generated via natural processes within an organism. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To generate DNA fragments with either blunt ends or cohesive ends. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A nick is a single-stranded break in a DNA molecule, which DNA ligase can seal. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cloning vectors are small DNA molecules that can replicate within a living cell and carry foreign DNA sequences. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cohesive ends allow for the specific pairing of DNA fragments with complementary sequences. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above are advantages of using PCR over molecular cloning. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They contain specific sequences that allow for the identification of cells containing recombinant DNA. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Production of synthetic materials such as plastics. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cohesive ends have complementary overhangs, while blunt ends are flush with the phosphodiester backbone. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above are accurate interpretations of the term 'recombinant' in relation to recombinant DNA. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It joins two pieces of DNA together, forming phosphodiester bonds. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A circular DNA molecule that can replicate independently within a bacterial cell. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They act as vectors for carrying foreign DNA into host cells. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It led to the development of experimental guidelines and regulations for research involving recombinant DNA. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ends of DNA fragments produced by restriction enzymes that can bind to each other due to complementary base pairing. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DNA that is composed of genetic material from two or more different species. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They allowed scientists to cut DNA at specific sequences, enabling the precise manipulation of genetic material. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plasmids can replicate independently within host cells, ensuring the amplification of the inserted foreign DNA. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are often altered versions of genes used in research. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The process of creating multiple identical copies of a specific gene. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Recombinant DNA technology involves the deliberate creation of new DNA molecules in the laboratory, while natural genetic recombination occurs within organisms through natural processes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All organisms share a common ancestor. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It allowed for the mass production of insulin, making it more affordable and accessible to patients. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The possibility of creating new and potentially dangerous pathogens. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blunt ends are unable to bind to each other, while cohesive ends can bind due to their complementary base sequences. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A researcher who helped create recombinant DNA technology and received its first patent with Boyer.

A researcher at UCSF who collaborated with Cohen to produce recombinant DNA and patented the technology.

DNA formed by combining DNA from different species using restriction enzymes.

Produced in 1972 by Cohen and Boyer, marking a milestone in genetic engineering.

The first patent granted for recombinant DNA technology was in 1980, held by Cohen and Boyer.

The process of identifying host cells with desired recombinant DNA inserts.

A DNA molecule formed by combining DNA from different sources within a host cell.

A living cell used to replicate recombinant DNA molecules.

Groups of cells that have successfully taken up recombinant DNA.

To make copies of the recombinant molecule within the host cell.

The examination of recombinant molecules to confirm their structure and function.

The process by which a host cell transcribes and translates the recombinant DNA into proteins.

The method used to identify successful recombinant colonies from unsuccessful ones.

An enzyme that joins the ends of DNA strands together.

Overhanging ends of DNA that can base pair with complementary sequences.

Straight-cut ends of DNA that do not have overhangs.

Natural process of mixing existing DNA sequences in organisms.

Artificial creation of DNA sequences in the lab.

A DNA molecule used to replicate specific DNA sequences in cells.

Replicating DNA within a living cell.

Technique to amplify DNA in a test tube without living cells.

Circular DNA molecules used as vectors in cloning.

Use of viral DNA to carry foreign genes into host cells.

Enzymes that cut DNA at specific sequences.

DNA from another organism inserted into a host.

Methods used to find cells that contain recombinant DNA.

A technique in recombinant DNA that disables gene expression by inserting a plasmid.

A method to inactivate genes to study their functions and importance in organisms.

Modification of gene expression by recombinant DNA can lead to undesired outcomes.

In some cases, recombinant DNA can produce harmful effects even when not expressed.

Previously inactive genes in host cells that can be inappropriately activated by recombinant DNA.

Researchers recognized for pioneering recombinant DNA technology and awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1980.

Takes DNA from different sources to create new genetic combinations, allowing for gene manipulation.

The process of making multiple identical copies of a gene by replicating it in host cells.

Enzymes that cut DNA at specific sequences, helping create fragments for cloning.

Awarded to Cohen & Boyer for their work on recombinant DNA.

The production of multiple identical copies of a specific gene or DNA segment.

Developed during the Asilomar Conference to address safety in recombinant DNA experiments.

Insulin produced using recombinant DNA technology in 1978.

Developed in 1982 using recombinant DNA technology.

An enzyme used to curdle milk, produced recombinantly for cheese making.

Chymosin produced through recombinant DNA technology, cheaper than traditional methods.

A genetically modified rice that produces beta-carotene, a vitamin A precursor.

Sheep genetically modified to produce a specific gene of interest (GOI).

An enzyme that helps plants resist herbicides, modified for Roundup tolerance.

Zebrafish engineered to fluoresce in response to environmental toxins.

Generally Recognized As Safe; FDA designation for approved substances.

Proteins produced from genetically modified organisms using recombinant DNA.

Uses of recombinant DNA technology in medicine, agriculture, and research.