Recombinant DNA Technology Overview

LacZ

False (B)

<p>DNA ligase is used to join the foreign DNA fragment with the vector DNA, creating a recombinant molecule.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Step 1 = The recombinant DNA is inserted into a host cell. Step 2 = The desired gene is isolated from a donor organism. Step 3 = The foreign DNA is inserted into the vector DNA. Step 4 = The host cell is used to replicate the recombinant DNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>replication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>only genetic mutation and genetic variation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Herring Gull</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can lead to the release of toxic pollutants into the environment. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>incineration</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The suspended solids can be removed using a process called sedimentation or filtration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Suspended solids = Sand, silt, clay Colloidal material = Faecal matter, bacteria Dissolved materials = Nitrates, ammonia, phosphate, sodium, calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can lead to the depletion of dissolved oxygen in the water body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The extinction of the Herring Gull would disrupt the food chain by causing an overpopulation of the prey species that the Herring Gull feeds on. This imbalance could lead to cascading effects throughout the ecosystem, potentially impacting other species as well.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>cf gene = The gene responsible for cystic fibrosis Recessive inheritance = A pattern of inheritance where two copies of the defective gene are required for the condition to manifest Mucus buildup = Accumulation of thick, sticky mucus in the lungs, pancreas, and other organs Transport channels = Channels that regulate the movement of chloride ions across cell membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cc</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chromosomal disorders (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>MECP2</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Klinefelter's syndrome occurs due to an additional copy of the X chromosome (XXY), while Turner's syndrome results from the absence of one X chromosome (XO).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Klinefelter's syndrome = Presence of an additional X chromosome Turner's syndrome = Absence of one X chromosome Rett syndrome = Mutation in the MECP2 gene Color blindness = Recessive allele on the X chromosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The son will not have Rett syndrome, and the daughter will have Rett syndrome. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>meiosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>64 offsprings (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aneuploidy is the loss or gain of one or a few chromosomes, while polyploidy is the gain of an entire set of chromosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aneuploidy = The gain of an entire chromosome set(s) Polyploidy = The loss or gain of one or a few chromosomes Gamete = A haploid cell involved in sexual reproduction Mitosis = A type of cell division that produces two identical daughter cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carrier females have a 50% chance of passing the trait to their sons. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The color blind father contributes a Y chromosome and the carrier mother contributes her normal X chromosome to the daughter, making her a carrier but with normal vision.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anaphase/Cytokinesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>IAi, IBi, IAIB, ii (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>IBi or IBIB</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>XHXh = Carrier female XhXh = Female with muscular dystrophy XHY = Normal male XhY = Male with muscular dystrophy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>wwTT and wwTt (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Test cross</p> Signup and view all the answers

A method for combining DNA from different sources to create new genetic combinations.

A gene that encodes for β-galactosidase, used as a reporter in recombinant DNA.

An enzyme that breaks down lactose and is produced by cells containing the LacZ gene.

Bacterial cells that are able to take up foreign DNA, often used in transformation.

An enzyme that joins DNA fragments by forming phosphodiester bonds.

A technique to amplify DNA sequences by mimicking natural DNA replication.

Steam is used to maintain sterility in bioprocessing operations.

Recombinant DNA technology introduces genetic variation similar to sexual reproduction.

A color blind male passes the Y chromosome, mother passes normal vision trait to child, non-carrier.

A son will not have Rett syndrome; a daughter will have Rett syndrome.

A condition caused by an extra X chromosome, affecting males primarily.

A condition caused by the absence of one X chromosome, affecting females only.

Both Klinefelter's and Turner's syndromes are related to sex chromosomes and result in sterility.

A genetic condition causing mucus buildup in organs.

Gene responsible for cystic fibrosis production.

The method by which traits are passed down generations.

Genetic makeup of individual II-2 in the pedigree.

Characteristic features affecting reproduction and development.

Distinct physical traits resulting from chromosomal abnormalities.

Genetic disorders caused by chromosomal abnormalities.

Due to errors in cell division producing abnormal numbers of chromosomes.

The extinction of Herring Gull affects ecosystem balance as it is a top predator.

Bio-magnification refers to the increased concentration of toxins in organisms at higher trophic levels.

One disadvantage of e-waste recycling is exposure to hazardous materials, risking health and safety.

Incineration reduces waste volume and can generate energy from burning e-waste.

Suspended solids can be removed from sewage using sedimentation or filtration methods.

Colloidal impurities can be utilized for composting or as fertilizers in agriculture.

Untreated domestic sewage can lead to nutrient pollution, causing algae blooms and poor water quality.

DDT poses ecological risks, such as the potential extinction of top predators like Herring Gulls due to bio-magnification.

A germ cell that undergoes mitosis to produce sperm cells.

A type of cell division resulting in four cells with half the chromosomes.

A mode of inheritance where traits are passed via the X chromosome.

The loss or gain of individual chromosomes in the cell.

The condition of having one or more extra sets of chromosomes.

The genetic constitution of reproductive cells (gametes).

Total number of offspring produced from a genetic cross.

A child's blood groups can be IAi, IBi, IAIB, or ii.

The required parent genotypes for blood group inheritance are IAi and IBi.

A diagram used to predict genotype and phenotype ratios of offspring.

The resulting ratio from a cross is 1 XHXh : 1 XhXh : 1 XHY : 1 XhY.

1 female with muscular dystrophy : 1 carrier female : 1 male with muscular dystrophy : 1 normal male.

A cross between an individual with an unknown genotype and a homozygous recessive individual.

Involves a test cross to determine genotype of the unknown flower.

If genotype is wwTt, then 50% progeny will have purple terminal flowers.