Recombinant DNA Technology Basics

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What is the primary function of restriction endonucleases in DNA manipulation?

To cut DNA at specific sites called recognition sites.

What characteristic of Type II restriction endonucleases makes them ideal for gene cloning?

They cut in a predictable and consistent manner at a site within or adjacent to the recognition sequence.

What is the name of the cofactor required by Type II restriction endonucleases?

Magnesium ion (Mg++)

What is the typical length of recognition sequences for Type II restriction endonucleases?

Four to eight nucleotides Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the name 'EcoRI' in the context of restriction endonucleases?

It reflects the origin of the enzyme, specifically Escherichia coli strain RY13. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of ligase in the process of recombinant DNA technology?

Joining of DNA fragments Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of genetic fusion in genetic engineering?

To alter the characters of an organism by transposing genes from one location on a chromosome to another or deleting a DNA segment and coupling two operons Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of protoplast fusion in genetic engineering?

New strains with desirable characters are produced Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of plasmids in gene amplification?

Plasmids contain the desired gene and are induced to reproduce within cells at a rapid rate to increase antibiotic yields Signup and view all the answers

What is the application of rapid reproduction of bacteriophages in gene amplification?

Biosynthesis of the amino acid tryptophan Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using Ice-minus GE Ps.syringae in genetic engineering?

To increase the resistance of plants (potatoes & strawberries) to frost damage Signup and view all the answers

What is the limitation of protoplast fusion in genetic engineering?

It works best between strains of the same species Signup and view all the answers

What is the problem associated with the disposal of whey in the dairy industry, and how can genetically engineered X. campestris help solve this problem?

The major problem is the disposal of large quantities of whey. Genetically engineered X. campestris can utilize lactose from whey for the production of xanthan, providing a solution to this problem. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of recombinant DNA technology in genetic engineering?

To alter genetic material outside an organism to obtain enhanced and desired characteristics in living organisms or their products. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of enzymes in recombinant DNA technology?

Enzymes are used to manipulate and isolate DNA segments of interest. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using vectors in genetic engineering?

Vectors are used to insert DNA fragments from a variety of sources, having a desirable gene sequence, into an organism. Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of combining DNA from different species using recombinant DNA technology?

It can create genes with new functions. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of nucleotide recognition in recombinant DNA technology?

It allows for the specific manipulation of DNA sequences. Signup and view all the answers