Recent Innovations in Sterile Dosage Forms
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Questions and Answers

What shape of discosomes may enhance their effectiveness in ocular drug delivery?

  • Cube
  • Disc (correct)
  • Cylinder
  • Sphere

Which of the following is a significant drawback of using ocular inserts?

  • Low effectiveness
  • Their high viscosity
  • Frequent administration required
  • Being non-biodegradable (correct)

In liposomal drug formulations, what is a benefit of using fatty acid esters?

  • Improving respiratory hormone metabolism
  • Prolonging steroid retention in the respiratory tract (correct)
  • Increasing drug toxicity
  • Enhancing drug solubility

What is a characteristic of the ocusert system for controlled drug release?

<p>Provides zero-order kinetic release (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of drugs have been reported to be delivered using liposome technology for pulmonary use?

<p>Antibiotics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of the lipid component in proliposomes?

<p>It has a phase transition temperature below 37°C. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of cochleates in drug delivery systems?

<p>They create a protective barrier against enzymatic degradation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical size of the particles used for inhaled dry insulin powders?

<p>Between 0.1 µm to 5 µm. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are respirable particles produced in the micro and nanoparticulate DPI compositions?

<p>By spray-drying or freeze spray drying followed by comminution. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential application of the nanoparticulates used in pulmonary delivery systems?

<p>Sustained release of antigens like DNA or proteins. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following ions is critical in the formation of cochleates?

<p>Ca2+ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of the DPI formulations discussed in the context of treating anthrax infection?

<p>They ensure rapid encapsulation and effective drug delivery. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of coating ganciclovir pellets with PVA?

<p>To create a controlled release mechanism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which form of AmBisome is used for intravenous infusion?

<p>Sterile, nonpyrogenic lyophilized product (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of pegylation in Doxil's formulation?

<p>It protects liposomes from the mononuclear phagocyte system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes DepoFoam technology?

<p>It uses lipid bilayers in a honeycomb structure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of DepoDur in surgical pain management?

<p>It maintains effective morphine levels for 48 hours (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

DaunoXome is specifically formulated for what purpose?

<p>To maximize daunorubicin selectivity for solid tumors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the release mechanism of DepoFoam occur post-injection?

<p>Through reorganization of lipid membranes and pore formation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary characteristics of Doxil’s formulation?

<p>It incorporates methoxypolyethylene glycol on the liposome surface (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was notable about DepoCyt in the market?

<p>It was the first product using DepoFoam technology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of biodegradable implants like Zoladex?

<p>To deliver continuous drug release over a specified period (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of implantable osmotic pumps?

<p>They utilize a collapsible bag to manage drug release. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the indication for the Gliadel Wafer implant?

<p>Adjunct treatment for high-grade malignant brain tumors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does LACRISERT function in the treatment of dry eye disorders?

<p>It serves as a sustained release artificial tear insert. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which compound is found in the matrix of the Zoladex implant?

<p>D, L-lactic and glycolic acid copolymer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a unique feature of the Gliadel Wafer in its application post-surgery?

<p>It slowly dissolves to release medication directly at the tumor site. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes vapor pressure moderated implantable devices from other types of implants?

<p>They utilize a propellant for drug delivery. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition does VITRASERT specifically target?

<p>Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do phagocytes play in the immune response?

<p>They engulf and digest harmful particles. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What are discosomes and why are they useful for ocular drug delivery?

Discosomes are disk-shaped drug delivery systems that are particularly effective for ocular administration. Their large size prevents drainage into the systemic circulation, and their shape allows them to fit comfortably in the cul-de-sac of the eye.

What is Ocusert and what is its advantage in ocular drug delivery?

Ocusert is a type of ocular insert that provides sustained drug release, achieving a zero-order kinetic release profile. This makes it very useful for controlled, long-term drug delivery to the eye.

How do liposomes work in pulmonary drug delivery?

Liposomes are tiny vesicles made of lipids that are used to deliver drugs to the lungs. They enhance drug residence time in the lungs, reducing side effects and controlling drug release. This is especially useful for treatments like asthma and respiratory infections.

What are proliposomes and how are they different from liposomes?

Proliposomes are precursors to liposomes. They are stored in a dry form and converted into liposomes when needed, making them useful for convenient delivery.

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What are nanocochleates and why are they beneficial?

Nanocochleates are nano-sized, tubular structures made of lipids. They offer unique properties for drug delivery, especially for poorly soluble drugs.

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Phagocytosis

The process by which a cell engulfs a particle, like a small antigen, to initiate an immune response.

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Implants

Sterile solid drug products made by compression, melting, or sintering. They consist of the drug and a rate-controlling excipient.

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Implantable Osmotic Pumps

Implants that release medication through osmotic pressure. This pressure helps to push the drug out of the implant and into the body.

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Vapor Pressure Moderated Implantable Devices

Implants using a vapor pressure system, like a gas, to control drug release.

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Biodegradable Devices

Implants that break down over time, releasing the drug as they degrade.

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Zoladex

A biodegradable implant containing goserelin acetate, a drug used to treat various cancers.

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Gliadel Wafer Implants

Wafer-shaped implants containing carmustine (BCNU), a cancer-fighting drug.

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LACRISERT

A rod-shaped implant made of hydroxypropyl cellulose, used to treat dry eyes.

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VITRASERT

An implant that delivers a virus-fighting drug to the retina, lasting for over 5 months.

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What are proliposomes?

A type of lipid-based drug delivery system that is converted into liposomes on hydration, offering a dry and stable form for storage.

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What are nanocochleates?

Tiny, cylindrical structures formed from liposomes. Composed of lipid bilayers, they are used to deliver drugs, particularly those poorly soluble in water.

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What are micro and nanoparticles in DPI?

Drug delivery systems involving particles with sizes ranging from a few nanometers to a few micrometers.

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What are Dry Powder Inhalers (DPIs) and how do they work?

Dry powder inhalers (DPIs) are devices that deliver medication to the lungs as a fine powder. These powders are usually composed of micro or nanparticles.

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How do proliposomes function in pulmonary drug delivery?

Proliposomes are designed to transition into a liquid phase below 37°C, which corresponds to body temperature. This allows for efficient drug encapsulation and delivery into the lungs on inhalation.

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What makes nanocochleates beneficial for drug delivery?

Nanocochleates have enhanced penetration capabilities due to their size and shape, allowing them to overcome barriers like mucus. Additionally, they offer sustained drug release, which is beneficial for treating conditions that require long-term medication.

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How are dry insulin powders delivered and absorbed using DPIs?

Inhaled dry insulin powders, composed of particles between 0.1 and 5 µm in diameter, are effectively absorbed in the alveolar region of the lungs, reaching the bloodstream.

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Liposome Parenteral Formulation

A type of parenteral drug delivery system that uses liposomes to encapsulate and deliver drugs through injection.

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AmBisome

A liposomal formulation of Amphotericin B, an antifungal drug, for intravenous injection.

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DaunoXome

A liposomal formulation of daunorubicin, an anticancer drug, for intravenous injection.

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Doxil

A liposomal formulation of doxorubicin, an anticancer drug, for intravenous injection. Includes PEGylation to extend circulation time.

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DepoFoam

A sustained-release drug-delivery technology that uses non-classical liposomes to provide long-lasting effects after injection.

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DepoDur

A DepoFoam formulation of morphine for epidural injection, designed to provide pain relief for up to 48 hours.

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DepoCyt

A DepoFoam drug delivery system used for the sustained release of therapeutic agents into various injection sites.

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Microsphere

A type of parenteral drug delivery system that uses small, solid particles to encapsulate and deliver drugs through injection.

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Nanosuspension

A type of parenteral drug delivery system that uses nanoparticles to encapsulate and deliver drugs through injection.

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Study Notes

Recent Innovations in Sterile Dosage Forms

  • Sterile dosage forms are free from microorganisms, pathogens, and spores. They are mainly injected or applied to the eye or intranasally.

Content

  • The presentation outlines different types of sterile dosage forms and the need for innovative approaches.

  • It discusses Ophthalmic, Intranasal & Pulmonary Drug Delivery, Implants, Parenteral, and Other sterile dosage forms.

What are sterile dosage forms?

  • A sterile dosage form is free from all types of microbial contamination.
  • Sterile products are generally injected, applied to the eye, or administered intranasally.

What is the need to develop innovative sterile dosage forms?

  • To reduce administration frequency.
  • To enhance bioavailability.
  • To reduce side effects.
  • To target drug delivery.
  • To maintain stability of potent drugs.
  • To control the release of potent drugs.
  • To enhance patient compliance.
  • To reduce the frequency of administration.

Types of sterile dosage form

  • Ophthalmic

    • Ophthalmic Insitu gels
    • Ophthalmic Cationic emulsion
    • Ophthalmic Iontophoresis
    • Ophthalmic Nanoparticle
    • Ophthalmic Discosomes
    • Ocular Inserts

  • Intranasal & Pulmonary Drug Delivery

    • Liposome and Lipid Based Formulation
    • Proliposomes
    • Nanocochleates
    • Micro and Nanoparticulates DPI Compositions
    • Delivery of Proteins, Peptides and Macromolecules
    • Matrix formation
    • Pro-drugs and pegylation

  • Implants

    • Implantable Osmotic Pumps
    • Vapor pressure moderated implantable device
    • Biodegradable device
    • Ophthalmic implant

  • Parenteral

    • Liposome Parenteral Formulation
    • Depofoam
    • Microsphere
    • Noisome
    • Nanosuspension
    • Others

  • Others

    • Prefilled-Syringe
    • Pens
    • Auto injector
    • Infusion Pump
    • Ultrasafe Passive Delivery System.

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Related Documents

Recent Innovations in Sterile Dosage Forms PDF

Description

This quiz explores the latest advancements in sterile dosage forms, which are essential for safe drug delivery via injections, ophthalmic use, and intranasal administration. It covers various types of sterile dosage forms and innovative methods designed to enhance drug efficacy and patient compliance. Test your knowledge on the importance and evolution of these crucial pharmaceutical innovations.

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