Reading Approaches and Processes

Understanding the meaning of a text through interaction with the text and prior knowledge.

Reading text without understanding its meaning, just pronouncing the words.

Reading text by speaking the words aloud.

Reading text without speaking, focusing on understanding the content.

To improve pronunciation and speaking skills.

To comprehend and understand the written content.

Involves more physical effort as it requires more body organs (e.g., mouth, tongue, lips) resulting in more tiredness.

Requires less physical effort, mainly using eyes for better comprehension & less tiredness than Aloud reading.

The first reading of a text, focused on understanding the main idea, summarizing the content, and identifying initial questions.

The second reading focuses on analyzing text structures, identifying the author's purpose and tone, and exploring the author's word choices.

The final reading involves drawing inferences, analyzing how the author supports key points, comparing to other texts, and connecting to personal experiences.

A line or group of lines that is repeated at regular intervals in a poem to emphasize key ideas.

A pattern of beats created by stressed and unstressed syllables in words.

A specific pattern of rhythm measured in units called feet, which consist of stressed and unstressed syllables.

A period in English literature from 1600 to 1700, marked by the rise of metaphysical poetry and scientific inquiry. It reflects the changing intellectual and social landscape of the time.

A style of poetry characterized by its intellectual complexity, paradoxical expressions, and focus on philosophical and theological questions. It explores the nature of reality and the human condition.

A style of writing characterized by precision in language, clarity of expression, and a focus on empirical observation. It arose alongside scientific advancements of the time.

A prominent English poet known for his innovative metaphysical style. His works delve into themes of love, religion, and mortality.

An English poet known for his religious poetry, deeply rooted in a devout faith. His work is characterized by intricate metaphysical conceits and a focus on spiritual themes.

An English poet, famous for his epic poem 'Paradise Lost'. This work explores the fall of humanity, divine justice, and theological complexities.

An epic poem by John Milton, which explores the fall of humanity and the nature of good and evil. It blends classical and biblical influences.

A collection of religious poetry by George Herbert, known for its use of intricate metaphysical conceits and its exploration of faith and devotion.

The powerful influence of the monarchy shaped the literary works of the time. It influenced themes of power, authority, and the role of the individual in society.

Sir Thomas Browne's influential work that explores the relationship between faith and scientific reasoning, reflecting the intellectual and religious climate of 17th-century England.

A genre of literature that emerged in the late 18th century, focusing on emotional experiences, personal feelings, and idealized romantic relationships.

A literary and philosophical movement that preceded Romanticism, emphasizing individual emotion, nature, and the sublime, paving the way for Romantic themes and aesthetics.

A literary and aesthetic concept that represents the awe-inspiring, majestic, and sometimes terrifying aspects of nature, evoking powerful emotional responses.

A major theme in late 18th-century literature that examines social hierarchies, critiques societal injustices, and explores moral principles.

A genre of literature that satirizes social conventions and the behavior of different social classes, providing insights into the human condition.

A trend in late 18th-century literature where scientific concepts and ideas were incorporated into narratives, reflecting the growing influence of the Scientific Revolution.

Rising sentiments of national identity and patriotism, reflecting the political and social climate of the late 18th century, resonated in literary works.

The late 18th century marked a transition between the Renaissance and the Enlightenment, with the emergence of new intellectual movements and significant changes in artistic and philosophical thinking.

The late 18th century witnessed the rise of new intellectual movements, such as pre-Romanticism and sentimentalism, that challenged existing traditions and shaped literary trends.

A literary movement that emerged in the mid-20th century, characterized by a rejection of traditional literary conventions and a focus on subjectivity, fragmentation, and the questioning of grand narratives.

An influential postmodern writer known for his imaginative narratives that blend fantasy and reality, using wordplay, ambiguity, and experimental prose.

A literary genre that blends realistic elements with magical or surreal events, often blurring the lines between fantasy and reality.

A type of fiction that draws attention to its own fictional nature, often through self-referential narratives or characters commenting on the story itself.

The interconnectedness of texts, where one text references or interacts with another, creating a richer and more layered meaning.

Characters often feel disconnected from society and their own identities, reflecting the anxieties of industrialization and urbanization.

Lives and stories are presented as chaotic and broken, mirroring the complexities of modern life.

This technique captures the flow of thoughts and feelings of characters, showcasing their inner world without logical order.

A poetic style focused on precise imagery and concise language to evoke emotions.

Symbols are used to convey deeper meanings, often adding ambiguity and layers of interpretation.

Stories don't follow a chronological order, reflecting the complexities of human experience.

Often experimental and innovative, pushing the boundaries of traditional storytelling.

Emphasizes free verse and unconventional forms, exploring new ways to express emotions.

Explore psychological depth and delve into complex themes.

Challenge traditional narratives with innovative forms and themes.