Reactions of Metals with Acids

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Questions and Answers

What is the general equation for the reaction of a metal with an acid?

  • Acid + Metal → Hydrogen gas + Salt
  • Metal + Acid → Salt + Hydrogen gas (correct)
  • Salt + Hydrogen gas → Metal + Acid
  • Hydrogen gas + Salt → Acid + Metal

Based on the provided reactions, what is the product formed when Na reacts with HCl(aq)?

  • NaCO3 + H2
  • Na + H2O
  • NaCl + H2 (correct)
  • Na2ZnO2 + H2O

What compound is formed when passing carbon dioxide gas through lime water (Ca(OH)2)?

  • CaCl2 (s)
  • CaO (s)
  • CaCO3 (s) (correct)
  • Ca(OH)4 (aq)

In the reaction between NaOH(aq) and Zn(s), which product is NOT formed?

<p>NaOH (aq) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When adding dilute hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid to zinc granules, what change in temperature might be observed?

<p>Increase in temperature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be observed when adding potassium iodide solution to lead nitrate solution?

<p>Formation of a white precipitate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the simplest way to represent a chemical reaction in a shorter form?

<p>Using chemical formulae (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a word-equation, where are the reactants typically written?

<p>Left-hand side (LHS) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a plus sign (+) between substances in a chemical equation indicate?

<p>Addition of reactants or products (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can you determine if a chemical equation is balanced?

<p>By counting and comparing the number of atoms of each element on both sides (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What principle does balancing a chemical equation adhere to?

<p>Law of Conservation of Mass (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which equation is considered a skeletal chemical equation for the burning of magnesium in air?

<p>$Mg + O_2 → MgO$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Metal + Acid Reaction

Metal + Acid → Salt + Hydrogen gas

Na + HCl(aq) product

NaCl + H2

CO2 + Lime Water Product

CaCO3 (s)

Product NOT formed in NaOH(aq) + Zn(s)

NaOH (aq)

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Temperature change: Acid to Zinc

Increase in temperature

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KI + Lead Nitrate Observation

Formation of a yellow precipitate

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Shorter chemical reaction form

Using chemical formulae

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Reactants Location

Left-hand side (LHS)

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Plus sign (+) meaning

Addition of reactants or products

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How to Balance Chemical Equations

By counting and comparing the number of atoms of each element on both sides

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Balancing principle

Law of Conservation of Mass

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Skeletal Equation

$Mg + O_2 → MgO$

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Study Notes

Chemical Reactions and Equations

  • Metal reacts with an acid to displace hydrogen atoms, forming a salt and releasing hydrogen gas, represented as: Acid + Metal → Salt + Hydrogen gas

  • Examples of reactions:

    • Test tube A: NaCO3 + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
    • Test tube B: NaHCO3 + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
    • Passing CO2 gas through lime water: Ca(OH)2(aq) + CO2(g) → CaCO3(s) + H2O(l)

  • Reaction of zinc with sodium hydroxide: 2NaOH(aq) + Zn(s) → Na2ZnO2(s) + H2(g)

Chemical Equations

  • A chemical equation represents a chemical reaction, with reactants on the left and products on the right, separated by an arrow.

  • Word-equation: Magnesium + Oxygen → Magnesium oxide

  • Chemical equation: Mg + O2 → MgO

  • A chemical equation can be balanced or unbalanced.

  • The law of conservation of mass states that the total mass of elements in the products is equal to the total mass of elements in the reactants.

  • Balancing a chemical equation involves ensuring that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation.

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