RBT Exam Prep: Behavior Analysis Terms

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Questions and Answers

What is multiple exemplar training?

Using one stimulus to teach a skill

Using many different stimuli to teach a skill to promote generalization (correct)

A form of punishment

Teaching in isolation only

What does a phase change line demonstrate?

A change in conditions on a graph

What does a solid vertical line represent on a graph?

A phase change line

What are the steps of the 3-step discrimination training procedure?

Teach in isolation, add distracters, mix in mastered items Signup and view all the answers

What is generalization in the context of behavior training?

Occurs through different settings, SDs, and stimuli Signup and view all the answers

What are the functions of behavior?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is a conditioned reinforcer?

Anything that is paired with a primary reinforcer Signup and view all the answers

What is an unconditioned reinforcer?

Things such as food and shelter that are inherently reinforcing Signup and view all the answers

What is forward chaining?

Teaching a behavioral skill beginning with the first step Signup and view all the answers

What is backward chaining?

Teaching a behavioral skill beginning with the last step Signup and view all the answers

What is duration in behavior analysis?

The amount of time/length that a behavior occurs for Signup and view all the answers

What does frequency/rate refer to in behavioral observation?

The number of times a behavior/response occurs per unit of time Signup and view all the answers

What is latency in a behavioral context?

The length of time between an initial instruction and a learner's response Signup and view all the answers

What is stimulus control?

A situation in which the frequency, latency, duration, or amplitude of a behavior is altered by the presence or absence of an antecedent stimuli Signup and view all the answers

What is DRA in behavioral procedures?

A procedure in which a behavior that serves as a desirable alternative for a challenging behavior is reinforced while the challenging behavior is extinguished Signup and view all the answers

What does DRI stand for?

A procedure in which a behavior that is incompatible with a challenging behavior is reinforced while the challenging behavior is extinguished Signup and view all the answers

What is DRO?

A procedure for decreasing challenging behavior in which reinforcement is contingent on the absence of the problem behavior during or at specific times Signup and view all the answers

What is extinction in behavior analysis?

A procedure in which a behavior that was previously reinforced is no longer reinforced and the rate of behavior decreases Signup and view all the answers

What is an extinction burst?

A temporary increase in behavior that occurs at the beginning of an extinction procedure Signup and view all the answers

What is an abolishing operation?

A motivating operation that decreases the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus, object, or event Signup and view all the answers

What is an establishing operation?

A motivating operation that establishes the effectiveness of some stimulus, object, or event as a reinforcer Signup and view all the answers

What is task analysis?

Breaking a complex skill into smaller, teachable units Signup and view all the answers

What is automatic reinforcement?

Not a socially mediated reinforcement Signup and view all the answers

What is partial interval recording?

An interval recording procedure in which an observer notes whether or not a behavior occurred at all during an interval Signup and view all the answers

What is whole interval recording?

An interval recording procedure in which an observer notes whether or not a behavior occurs during the entire duration of an interval Signup and view all the answers

What is momentary time sampling?

An interval recording procedure in which an observer notes whether or not a behavior occurs at the end of an interval Signup and view all the answers

What is interresponse time?

The amount of time that elapses between two consecutive instances of a response class Signup and view all the answers

What are trials to criterion?

Measure of the number of response opportunities needed to achieve a predetermined level of performance Signup and view all the answers

What is topography in behavior analysis?

The physical form or shape of a behavior Signup and view all the answers

What does magnitude refer to in the context of a response?

The force or intensity with which a response is emitted Signup and view all the answers

What is time sampling?

Whole interval recording, partial interval recording, momentary time sampling Signup and view all the answers

What is continuous measurement?

Recording data on all instances of specified behavior, such as through frequency and duration Signup and view all the answers

What is discontinuous measurement?

Recording data on some instances of behavior, such as through whole-interval or partial interval methods Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Training and Behavior Analysis Concepts

Multiple Exemplar Training: Involves using various stimuli to facilitate skill generalization across different contexts.
Phase Change Line: Indicates a shift in conditions represented on a graph; crucial for analyzing behavior changes.
Solid Vertical Line: Specifically marks a phase change line on a graph, delineating periods of different interventions.

Discrimination Training Techniques

3-Step Discrimination Training Procedure: Method includes teaching skills in isolation, incorporating distractors, and mixing in previously mastered items to enhance learning.

Generalization and Functions of Behavior

Generalization: Can manifest across various settings, stimuli (SDs), and conditions, indicating the broader application of learned skills.
Functions of Behavior: Includes four main categories: seeking access to tangibles, attention, escape/avoidance, and automatic reinforcement.

Reinforcement Types

Conditioned Reinforcer: A stimulus that gains reinforcing properties when paired with a primary reinforcer.
Unconditioned Reinforcer: Naturally reinforcing items, like food or shelter, that require no prior conditioning.

Skill Teaching Methods

Forward Chaining: Instructs learners starting from the first step of a task, building competence step-by-step.
Backward Chaining: Involves teaching from the last step of a task back to the first, allowing for immediate reinforcement.

Measurement of Behavior

Duration: Measures how long a specific behavior lasts during a given period.
Frequency/Rate: Counts the number of occurrences of a behavior within a specific timeframe.
Latency: The time that elapses between an instruction and the learner's subsequent response.

Stimulus Control and Behavior Procedures

Stimulus Control: Behavior's frequency or duration is affected by the presence or absence of antecedent stimuli.
DRA (Differential Reinforcement of Alternatives): Reinforces an alternative behavior while discontinuing the challenging behavior.
DRI (Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible): Similar to DRA, but the alternative behavior is incompatible with the undesired behavior.
DRO (Differential Reinforcement of Other): Involves providing reinforcement when the undesirable behavior is absent during designated times.

Behavioral Techniques and Outcomes

Extinction: A method that stops reinforcers for a previously reinforced behavior, leading to a decrease in that behavior.
Extinction Burst: A temporary resurgence in the frequency of a behavior when extinction is first applied.
Abolishing Operation: Reduces the effectiveness of a stimulus as a reinforcer, making it less desirable.
Establishing Operation: Increases the effectiveness of a stimulus as a reinforcer, enhancing its desirability.

Behavioral Analysis Tools

Task Analysis: Involves breaking down complex skills into smaller, manageable components for effective teaching.
Automatic Reinforcement: Refers to reinforcement that occurs independently of social interaction.
Partial Interval Recording: Observers note whether a behavior occurred at any point during a defined interval.
Whole Interval Recording: Observers check if a behavior occurs for the entire duration of the interval.
Momentary Time Sampling: Data is recorded only at the end of intervals, assessing behavior occurrence at that moment.
Interresponse Time: Timed measurement of gaps between consecutive instances of a specific response.

Measurement Methods

Trials to Criterion: Evaluates the number of attempts needed to reach a defined performance goal.
Topography: Describes the physical characteristics or shape of a behavior, providing insight into its execution.
Magnitude: Refers to the intensity or forcefulness of a behavior when it is exhibited.
Time Sampling: Encompasses various recording techniques, including whole and partial interval recording.
Continuous Measurement: Captures all instances of a behavior through direct observation of frequency and duration.
Discontinuous Measurement: Focuses on selective instances of behavior using predefined observational methods.

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Prepare for the RBT exam with our flashcards covering essential behavior analysis terms. Each card offers a crucial definition and example to enhance your understanding of concepts like Multiple Exemplar Training and Phase Change Lines.