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Questions and Answers
List one strategy for promoting maintenance.
List one strategy for promoting maintenance.
Performing a skill after a portion or all has been terminated.
List one strategy for promoting generalization.
List one strategy for promoting generalization.
Introduce natural contingencies.
The skill of using the toilet has generalized?
The skill of using the toilet has generalized?
True (A)
Why is parent training a key part of any ABA program?
Why is parent training a key part of any ABA program?
Parents should be surveyed frequently with regards to problem behavior, new skills, and potential reinforcers.
Parents should be surveyed frequently with regards to problem behavior, new skills, and potential reinforcers.
As an RBT, you provide parent training at any point to parents, even about how to manage your client's siblings.
As an RBT, you provide parent training at any point to parents, even about how to manage your client's siblings.
As an RBT, you should report variables that might affect the client.
As an RBT, you should report variables that might affect the client.
The roles and responsibilities of the RBT include which of the following? (Select all that apply)
The roles and responsibilities of the RBT include which of the following? (Select all that apply)
An RBT can practice independently of a BCBA.
An RBT can practice independently of a BCBA.
Rate is...
Rate is...
Duration is...
Duration is...
Latency is...
Latency is...
Which of the following is a continuous recording method? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following is a continuous recording method? (Select all that apply)
Calculate frequency/rate per hour and minute for a behavior that occurred 120 times over a 2 hour observation.
Calculate frequency/rate per hour and minute for a behavior that occurred 120 times over a 2 hour observation.
Partial-interval recording is...
Partial-interval recording is...
Whole-interval recording is...
Whole-interval recording is...
Momentary time sampling is...
Momentary time sampling is...
Inter-response time is...
Inter-response time is...
Which recording method would you expect to use when a target behavior is set to increase?
Which recording method would you expect to use when a target behavior is set to increase?
Which recording method would you expect to use when a target behavior is set to decrease?
Which recording method would you expect to use when a target behavior is set to decrease?
Partial interval recording has the tendency to under-estimate the frequency of a target behavior while whole interval recording has the tendency to over-estimate the frequency of the target behavior.
Partial interval recording has the tendency to under-estimate the frequency of a target behavior while whole interval recording has the tendency to over-estimate the frequency of the target behavior.
Which of the following are examples of 'permanent products' that can be used to collect data using permanent product recording procedures? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are examples of 'permanent products' that can be used to collect data using permanent product recording procedures? (Select all that apply)
Permanent product recording is one of the least cumbersome data recording methods.
Permanent product recording is one of the least cumbersome data recording methods.
Choose the best operational definition for a tantrum.
Choose the best operational definition for a tantrum.
Define behavior:
Define behavior:
Define environment:
Define environment:
List the four functions of behavior.
List the four functions of behavior.
A client gets out of his seat every time a demand is placed. When he gets out of his seat, his teacher says, 'Oh you need a break', and does not follow through with her demand. This client's out of seat behavior most likely serves what function?
A client gets out of his seat every time a demand is placed. When he gets out of his seat, his teacher says, 'Oh you need a break', and does not follow through with her demand. This client's out of seat behavior most likely serves what function?
A client frequently spits during various times and after a dentist appointment, the spitting stopped. What function does spitting most likely serve?
A client frequently spits during various times and after a dentist appointment, the spitting stopped. What function does spitting most likely serve?
Every time his mother removes items from him, a client engages in a tantrum. What function is most likely maintaining the tantrums?
Every time his mother removes items from him, a client engages in a tantrum. What function is most likely maintaining the tantrums?
A client hits other students in his class. What function does his hitting most likely serve?
A client hits other students in his class. What function does his hitting most likely serve?
A client drops legos on the floor for hours if left alone. What is the function of the lego dropping behavior?
A client drops legos on the floor for hours if left alone. What is the function of the lego dropping behavior?
What is an antecedent?
What is an antecedent?
What is a consequence?
What is a consequence?
Why do we conduct assessments? (Select all that apply)
Why do we conduct assessments? (Select all that apply)
A functional assessment is a set of procedures used to identify the cause of a problem behavior or socially inappropriate behavior.
A functional assessment is a set of procedures used to identify the cause of a problem behavior or socially inappropriate behavior.
A functional analysis is...
A functional analysis is...
A Functional Behavior Assessment is... (Select all that apply)
A Functional Behavior Assessment is... (Select all that apply)
What does the ABC stand for in ABC recording?
What does the ABC stand for in ABC recording?
A reinforcer is...
A reinforcer is...
A punisher is...
A punisher is...
Provide one example of a primary reinforcer.
Provide one example of a primary reinforcer.
Provide one example of a secondary reinforcer.
Provide one example of a secondary reinforcer.
The manipulation of Motivating Operations is a(n)...
The manipulation of Motivating Operations is a(n)...
An Establishing Operation increases the value of a particular reinforcer.
An Establishing Operation increases the value of a particular reinforcer.
An Abolishing Operation decreases the value of a particular reinforcer.
An Abolishing Operation decreases the value of a particular reinforcer.
What is the main purpose of pairing yourself with reinforcement?
What is the main purpose of pairing yourself with reinforcement?
What is differential reinforcement?
What is differential reinforcement?
Which of the following is not a Differential Reinforcement procedure?
Which of the following is not a Differential Reinforcement procedure?
Which of the following is an incompatible behavior for hand flipping?
Which of the following is an incompatible behavior for hand flipping?
Define Extinction:
Define Extinction:
Extinction is most effective when used as a stand-alone procedure?
Extinction is most effective when used as a stand-alone procedure?
You are working with a client who engages in verbal aggression. The BCBA asks you to use extinction as a part of the intervention plan. Briefly describe what this procedure would look like.
You are working with a client who engages in verbal aggression. The BCBA asks you to use extinction as a part of the intervention plan. Briefly describe what this procedure would look like.
You are working with a client who engages in tantrums that are maintained by access to tangibles. The BCBA instructs you to implement extinction. Briefly describe what this procedure would look like for this case.
You are working with a client who engages in tantrums that are maintained by access to tangibles. The BCBA instructs you to implement extinction. Briefly describe what this procedure would look like for this case.
There are times as an RBT you will have to implement emergency/crisis strategies.
There are times as an RBT you will have to implement emergency/crisis strategies.
Which of the following is an example of an emergency/crisis management strategy? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following is an example of an emergency/crisis management strategy? (Select all that apply)
You are unsure that an emergency/crisis management procedure is appropriate for a particular behavior. Who should you consult with?
You are unsure that an emergency/crisis management procedure is appropriate for a particular behavior. Who should you consult with?
What constitutes an emergency? (Select all that apply)
What constitutes an emergency? (Select all that apply)
An Acquisition program is a program designed to...
An Acquisition program is a program designed to...
Acquisition programs can teach which of the following skills? (Select all that apply)
Acquisition programs can teach which of the following skills? (Select all that apply)
Another name for conditioned reinforcement is primary reinforcement.
Another name for conditioned reinforcement is primary reinforcement.
Examples of unconditioned reinforcers include which of the following? (Circle all that apply)
Examples of unconditioned reinforcers include which of the following? (Circle all that apply)
List three examples of conditioned reinforcers.
List three examples of conditioned reinforcers.
What is a reinforcement schedule?
What is a reinforcement schedule?
When would you provide reinforcement if a client was on a continuous schedule of reinforcement?
When would you provide reinforcement if a client was on a continuous schedule of reinforcement?
Intermittent reinforcement is most often used for maintaining previously learned behaviors.
Intermittent reinforcement is most often used for maintaining previously learned behaviors.
What are the four schedules of intermittent reinforcement?
What are the four schedules of intermittent reinforcement?
When using a ratio schedule of reinforcement, reinforcement is delivered when?
When using a ratio schedule of reinforcement, reinforcement is delivered when?
When using an interval schedule of reinforcement, reinforcement is delivered when?
When using an interval schedule of reinforcement, reinforcement is delivered when?
Discrete Trial Training (DTT) is a method of teaching in simplified and structured steps.
Discrete Trial Training (DTT) is a method of teaching in simplified and structured steps.
When teaching with DTT, how quickly should you deliver reinforcement after a correct response?
When teaching with DTT, how quickly should you deliver reinforcement after a correct response?
Discrete Trial Training is a method of teaching in the natural environment, following what the client naturally gravitates toward.
Discrete Trial Training is a method of teaching in the natural environment, following what the client naturally gravitates toward.
Discrete Trial Training is an effective way to teach certain skills to some learners with ASD.
Discrete Trial Training is an effective way to teach certain skills to some learners with ASD.
Which of the following will you want to do when delivering reinforcement during DTT? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following will you want to do when delivering reinforcement during DTT? (Select all that apply)
Define a prompt:
Define a prompt:
Provide 3 examples of a prompt. (Select all that apply)
Provide 3 examples of a prompt. (Select all that apply)
Prompts should be...
Prompts should be...
Some advantages of NET are which of the following?
Some advantages of NET are which of the following?
Provide an example of incidental teaching:
Provide an example of incidental teaching:
Sometimes when using NET procedures you may have to contrive a situation to work on a skill.
Sometimes when using NET procedures you may have to contrive a situation to work on a skill.
Task analysis is the process of breaking a skill into smaller, more manageable steps in order to teach the skill.
Task analysis is the process of breaking a skill into smaller, more manageable steps in order to teach the skill.
Task analysis can be used to teach which of the following types of skills? (Select all that apply)
Task analysis can be used to teach which of the following types of skills? (Select all that apply)
Provide an example of a behavior that is most likely to be taught using a task analysis.
Provide an example of a behavior that is most likely to be taught using a task analysis.
When using backward chaining the RBT does which of the following?
When using backward chaining the RBT does which of the following?
When using forward chaining the RBT does which of the following?
When using forward chaining the RBT does which of the following?
When using total task presentation the RBT does which of the following?
When using total task presentation the RBT does which of the following?
Discrimination training is a process of reinforcing or punishing a response in the presence of one stimulus and extinguishing it in the presence of other stimuli.
Discrimination training is a process of reinforcing or punishing a response in the presence of one stimulus and extinguishing it in the presence of other stimuli.
Which of the following is considered an error? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following is considered an error? (Select all that apply)
The stimulus delta (S-Delta) is defined as a stimulus in the presence of which a particular response will be reinforced.
The stimulus delta (S-Delta) is defined as a stimulus in the presence of which a particular response will be reinforced.
The discriminative stimulus (Sd) is defined as a stimulus in the presence of which a particular response will not be reinforced.
The discriminative stimulus (Sd) is defined as a stimulus in the presence of which a particular response will not be reinforced.
Define Stimulus control:
Define Stimulus control:
Stimulus fading involves introducing or altering a new element, such as color, intensity, or size to the target stimulus, which is gradually faded by reducing its intensity or components.
Stimulus fading involves introducing or altering a new element, such as color, intensity, or size to the target stimulus, which is gradually faded by reducing its intensity or components.
Stimulus fading can often be used to desensitize a client to aversive stimuli.
Stimulus fading can often be used to desensitize a client to aversive stimuli.
Provide an example of stimulus fading:
Provide an example of stimulus fading:
Stimulus fading can be used in what context(s)? (Select all that apply)
Stimulus fading can be used in what context(s)? (Select all that apply)
Which is a correct prompting hierarchy for prompt fading?
Which is a correct prompting hierarchy for prompt fading?
Failing to fade prompts can lead to a client being prompt dependent.
Failing to fade prompts can lead to a client being prompt dependent.
The goal of instruction is to produce behavior change outside the training context... (Select all that apply)
The goal of instruction is to produce behavior change outside the training context... (Select all that apply)
If a client can perform a skill in a different context than it was taught, that skill has...
If a client can perform a skill in a different context than it was taught, that skill has...
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Study Notes
RBT Roles and Responsibilities
- RBTs deliver discrete trial instruction and incidental teaching, record data, and implement behavior intervention plans as directed by a BCBA.
- RBTs must work under the supervision of a BCBA and cannot practice independently.
Data Collection Methods
- Rate: Total count of a behavior per unit of time.
- Duration: Time from the onset to the offset of a behavior.
- Latency: Time between presenting a stimulus and the occurrence of the behavior.
- Continuous Recording: Includes methods such as duration, frequency, and latency.
- Partial-Interval Recording: Records if a behavior occurs at least once during an interval.
- Whole-Interval Recording: Requires a behavior to occur for the entire interval to be documented.
- Momentary Time Sampling: Records behavior only if it is occurring at the end of an interval.
- Inter-response Time: Measures the time between consecutive occurrences of a behavior.
Functions of Behavior
- Four identified functions:
- Social positive (attention/access)
- Social negative (escape)
- Automatic positive (sensory stimulation)
- Automatic negative (pain attenuation)
- Escape from demands and avoiding discomfort often drives behaviors such as getting out of one's seat or spitting.
Functional Assessment
- Conducted to identify causes of problem behaviors.
- Involves manipulating variables to assess the function of a target behavior.
Reinforcement and Punishment
- Reinforcer: Increases or maintains the frequency of a behavior.
- Punisher: Decreases the future frequency of a behavior.
- Primary Reinforcers: Food, water, warmth.
- Secondary Reinforcers: Tokens, praise, certain objects.
- Differential Reinforcement: Reinforcing desired behaviors while discontinuing reinforcement for undesired ones.
Teaching and Behavior Change
- Task Analysis: Breaks skills into smaller, manageable steps, applicable in self-help, life, and academic skills.
- Prompting: Involves cues to support desired responses; prompts should be gradually withdrawn.
- Discrete Trial Training (DTT): Structured teaching method, reinforcing correct responses quickly.
- Natural Environment Training (NET): Utilizes clients’ interests for teaching opportunities in natural settings.
- Generalization and Maintenance: Ensure skills transfer across contexts and maintain over time.
Behavioral Interventions
- Extinction: Discontinuation of reinforcement for previously reinforced behavior, leading to a decrease in frequency.
- Crisis Management: Strategies include relocating individuals, removing unnecessary demands, and rearranging the environment. Consult BCBA for appropriateness.
Parent Training
- Essential as parents spend the most time with clients, helping ensure learned skills generalize effectively.
- Regular surveys with parents about behavior and skills can enhance intervention success.
Important Concepts
- ABC Model: Antecedent (trigger), Behavior, Consequence (result of behavior).
- Stimulus Control: Behavior influenced by the presence/absence of stimuli.
- Reinforcement Schedules: Protocols defining frequency of reinforcement delivery.
Key Principles
- RBTs must report observable variables affecting clients and consistently apply intervention strategies to support behavioral change.
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