Podcast
Questions and Answers
Deoxygenated blood from the body returns to the:
Deoxygenated blood from the body returns to the:
Right atrium.
Angina pectoris occurs when:
Angina pectoris occurs when:
Myocardial oxygen demand exceeds the supply.
The electrical impulse generated by the heart originates in the:
The electrical impulse generated by the heart originates in the:
Sinoatrial node.
A patient with atherosclerotic heart disease experiences chest pain during exertion because:
A patient with atherosclerotic heart disease experiences chest pain during exertion because:
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Risk factors for AMI that cannot be controlled include:
Risk factors for AMI that cannot be controlled include:
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Signs and symptoms of a hypertensive emergency would MOST likely be delayed in patients who:
Signs and symptoms of a hypertensive emergency would MOST likely be delayed in patients who:
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A 49-year-old male presents with an acute onset of crushing chest pain and diaphoresis. You should:
A 49-year-old male presents with an acute onset of crushing chest pain and diaphoresis. You should:
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A rapid heart rate is a common sign or symptom associated with malfunction of an implanted cardiac pacemaker.
A rapid heart rate is a common sign or symptom associated with malfunction of an implanted cardiac pacemaker.
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A patient in cardiac arrest is wearing an external defibrillator vest, which is interfering with effective chest compressions. The EMT should:
A patient in cardiac arrest is wearing an external defibrillator vest, which is interfering with effective chest compressions. The EMT should:
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A dissected aortic aneurysm occurs when:
A dissected aortic aneurysm occurs when:
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A 66-year-old female with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents with substernal chest pressure of 2 hours duration. What should you do?
A 66-year-old female with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents with substernal chest pressure of 2 hours duration. What should you do?
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Nitroglycerin is contraindicated in patients:
Nitroglycerin is contraindicated in patients:
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When preparing to obtain a 12-lead ECG, the 'LL' and 'RL' electrodes should be placed:
When preparing to obtain a 12-lead ECG, the 'LL' and 'RL' electrodes should be placed:
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A patient tells you that he has a left ventricular assist device (LVAD). Which condition should you suspect he has experienced?
A patient tells you that he has a left ventricular assist device (LVAD). Which condition should you suspect he has experienced?
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The EMT should use an AED on a child between 1 month and 8 years of age if:
The EMT should use an AED on a child between 1 month and 8 years of age if:
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Most AEDs are set up to adjust the voltage based on the impedance, which is the:
Most AEDs are set up to adjust the voltage based on the impedance, which is the:
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After the AED has delivered a shock, the EMT should:
After the AED has delivered a shock, the EMT should:
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You and your partner arrive at the scene of a middle-aged man who collapsed about 5 minutes ago. He is unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless. What should you do?
You and your partner arrive at the scene of a middle-aged man who collapsed about 5 minutes ago. He is unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless. What should you do?
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Prior to attaching the AED to a cardiac arrest patient, the EMT should:
Prior to attaching the AED to a cardiac arrest patient, the EMT should:
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Which of the following signs is commonly observed in patients with right-sided heart failure?
Which of the following signs is commonly observed in patients with right-sided heart failure?
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The only vein(s) in the body that carry oxygenated blood is/are the:
The only vein(s) in the body that carry oxygenated blood is/are the:
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When, for a brief period of time, heart tissues do not get enough oxygen, the pain is called:
When, for a brief period of time, heart tissues do not get enough oxygen, the pain is called:
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Cardiogenic shock can occur within 24 hours of a(n):
Cardiogenic shock can occur within 24 hours of a(n):
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At 0500 hours, you respond to the home of a 76-year-old man complaining of chest pain. Upon arrival, the patient states that he had been sleeping in the recliner all night due to indigestion, when the pain woke him up. He also tells you he has taken two nitroglycerin tablets. His vital signs are as follows: respirations, 16 breaths/min; pulse, 98 beats/min; blood pressure, 92/76 mm Hg. He is still complaining of chest pain. What actions should you take to intervene?
At 0500 hours, you respond to the home of a 76-year-old man complaining of chest pain. Upon arrival, the patient states that he had been sleeping in the recliner all night due to indigestion, when the pain woke him up. He also tells you he has taken two nitroglycerin tablets. His vital signs are as follows: respirations, 16 breaths/min; pulse, 98 beats/min; blood pressure, 92/76 mm Hg. He is still complaining of chest pain. What actions should you take to intervene?
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Study Notes
Cardiovascular System Fundamentals
- Deoxygenated blood returns to the right atrium after circulating through the body.
- Angina pectoris is a condition where myocardial oxygen demand surpasses the available oxygen supply.
Heart Electrical Activity
- The sinoatrial node is the primary origin of the heart's electrical impulses.
- A patient with atherosclerotic heart disease may experience chest pain during exertion due to narrowed coronary artery lumens unable to meet increased blood flow needs.
Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) Risk Factors
- Uncontrollable risk factors for acute myocardial infarction include family history.
- Signs of a hypertensive emergency may be delayed in individuals with chronic hypertension.
Patient Assessment
- In cases of acute crushing chest pain with diaphoresis, assessing the adequacy of respirations is crucial.
- Notable signs or symptoms combined with implanted cardiac pacemaker malfunction do not typically include a rapid heart rate.
Emergency Response Protocols
- When dealing with a patient in cardiac arrest wearing an external defibrillator vest, remove the battery before taking off the vest for effective CPR.
- A dissected aortic aneurysm occurs when the inner layers of the aorta separate.
Management of Chest Pain
- In a patient presenting with chest pressure and hypoxia, administer oxygen and 324 mg of aspirin, while further assessing the patient.
- Nitroglycerin should not be given to individuals with a history of head injury.
ECG Preparation
- For a 12-lead ECG, place the "LL" and "RL" electrodes on the thighs or ankles.
Monitoring Devices
- Patients with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) may have experienced an acute myocardial infarction.
- Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) should be used on children ages 1 month to 8 years with appropriate pediatric pads and energy-reducing devices available.
AED Functionality and Procedures
- Most AEDs adjust voltage according to body impedance, which represents resistance to electrical flow.
- After delivering a shock with an AED, immediately resume CPR to ensure high-quality life-saving efforts.
Initial Response to Cardiac Arrest
- Upon arriving at a scene with a collapsed unresponsive individual, commence high-quality CPR and apply the AED without delay.
- Before attaching the AED to a cardiac arrest patient, ensure the chest is dry to facilitate effective pad adhesion.
Signs of Heart Failure
- Dependent edema is a common observation in patients suffering from right-sided heart failure.
- The pulmonary veins are unique in the body as they exclusively carry oxygenated blood.
Angina and Cardiogenic Shock
- Angina refers to the intermittent pain caused when heart tissues momentarily lack oxygen.
- Cardiogenic shock can manifest within 24 hours following an acute myocardial infarction.
Patient Vital Signs
- In cases where a patient continues to experience chest pain despite medication, providing high-flow oxygen is a priority action.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards covering key concepts from Chapter 16 of RapidEMT. Each card focuses on important terms and definitions related to cardiovascular health and emergency medical response. Perfect for quick revision and self-assessment.
