Range of Motion Quiz

Questions and Answers

Which term describes a decreased response in deep tendon reflexes?

Hyporeflexive (correct)

Areflexive

Clonus

Hyperreflexive

What is the maximum grip strength for a female rated as 'G'?

10 kg

19 kg

20 kg (correct)

30 kg

Which prehension pattern involves no thumb involvement?

Hook (correct)

Pad to pad

Tip to tip

Spherical

What is the pinch strength range for males rated as 'F'?

3-3.9 kg Signup and view all the answers

Which term indicates a significantly exaggerated deep tendon reflex?

Hyperreflexive Signup and view all the answers

Which type of agnosia involves difficulty recognizing familiar faces?

Prosopagnosia Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of muscle spindles within deep sensory receptors?

Proprioception and kinesthesia Signup and view all the answers

Which description corresponds to a Grade 2 on the Modified Ashworth Scale?

More marked increase in muscle tone through most of the range Signup and view all the answers

How is spasticity classified when the stretch reflex occurs in the muscle end-range?

Mild Signup and view all the answers

What condition describes the inability to dress oneself due to apraxia?

Dressing Apraxia Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanoreceptor is primarily responsible for detecting deep touch and vibration?

Pacinian corpuscles Signup and view all the answers

What measurement indicates the presence of edema in the muscle?

Increase greater than 25ml in displacement Signup and view all the answers

Which grade on the Modified Ashworth Scale indicates a catch followed by minimal resistance through less than half of the ROM?

1+ Signup and view all the answers

Which type of apraxia involves the loss of knowledge about the function of tools?

Ideational Apraxia Signup and view all the answers

What does a description of 'considerable increase in muscle tone' correspond to on the Modified Ashworth Scale?

Grade 3 Signup and view all the answers

R/L Discrimination is a perceptual function involving which of the following?

Differentiating right from left Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario does the stretch reflex occur when the muscle is in a shortened range?

Severe spasticity Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range of flexion for the cervical spine?

0-45° Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for wrist ulnar deviation?

0-30° Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range of internal rotation for the shoulder?

0-70° Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal maximum extension for the elbow?

0° Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range of hip flexion?

0-120° Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range of abduction for the fingers?

0-25° Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal maximum range for ankle dorsiflexion?

0-15° Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range of DIP flexion for the thumb?

0-90° Signup and view all the answers

What does a soft end-feel indicate?

Soft tissue edema Signup and view all the answers

Which end-feel occurs when a joint typically has a soft end-feel but feels firm?

Firm Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a hard end-feel?

Occurs sooner than normal in the range of motion Signup and view all the answers

What condition can lead to an empty end-feel?

Acute joint inflammation Signup and view all the answers

Which end-feel would likely be described as feeling boggy?

Soft Signup and view all the answers

Which type of aphasia is characterized by good comprehension and poor naming?

Conduction Signup and view all the answers

At which Brunnstrom stage does spasticity decline and selective control of muscles outside the synergy occur?

Stage 4 Signup and view all the answers

What Glasgow Coma Scale score reflects a patient who opens their eyes in response to speech?

4 Signup and view all the answers

Which aphasia type exhibits fluent speech but poor comprehension?

Wernicke's Signup and view all the answers

What is characterized by complete lack of movement in response to pain in the Glasgow Coma Scale?

No motor response Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of motor recovery is described by isolated movements being performed smoothly and in a coordinated manner?

Stage 6 Signup and view all the answers

What type of response does a score of 3 in the verbal section of the Glasgow Coma Scale indicate?

Inappropriate words Signup and view all the answers

Which type of aphasia has good repetition ability but poor performance in naming?

Transcortical Motor Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a type of in-hand manipulation?

Finger to palm Signup and view all the answers

What grade corresponds to the inability to assume or maintain a position?

A Signup and view all the answers

Which type of coordination involves using both arms simultaneously?

Bilateral coordination Signup and view all the answers

What sensation is classified as protopathic/protective?

Pressure Signup and view all the answers

Which level allows a person to maintain balance independently for 45 minutes?

N Signup and view all the answers

Which grading indicates an individual can assume and maintain a position but has difficulty?

F Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification for a burn that affects only the superficial epidermis?

1st Degree Signup and view all the answers

Which functional level corresponds to a vital capacity of 50-60%?

C5 Signup and view all the answers

Which ASIA impairment grade indicates incomplete sensation with no motor functions below the neurological level?

Grade B Signup and view all the answers

What type of mobility aid is typically used at the T9-T12 level?

KAFO + walker + swing-to Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected healing time for a 2nd degree burn that is extremely painful?

7-21 Days Signup and view all the answers

Which grade shows no motor and sensory functions in the sacral segments?

Grade A Signup and view all the answers

What duration of loss of consciousness is classified as severe according to the Glasgow Coma Scale?

More than 6-8 hours Signup and view all the answers

Which Rancho Los Amigos Scale level indicates a purposeful response with assistance required only upon request?

VIII. Purposeful Stand by Assistance upon request Signup and view all the answers

Which myotome is associated with the elbow flexors in the dermatomal distribution?

C4 Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification for post traumatic amnesia if it lasts less than 1 hour?

Mild Signup and view all the answers

Which dermatome corresponds to the apex of the axilla?

T1 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following descriptions best matches a moderate severity classification in the Glasgow Coma Scale?

Less than 6 hours loss of consciousness Signup and view all the answers

What defines morning stiffness in rheumatoid arthritis?

Lasting at least one hour before maximal improvement Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic describes symmetric arthritis in rheumatoid arthritis?

Involves multiple joints on both sides of the body Signup and view all the answers

What is a systemic feature commonly associated with rheumatoid arthritis?

Fever and malaise Signup and view all the answers

What does the presence of rheumatoid nodules indicate in rheumatoid arthritis?

Subcutaneous tissue involvement Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect distinguishes rheumatoid arthritis from osteoarthritis regarding joint involvement?

Polyarticular and symmetric joint involvement Signup and view all the answers

What common marker is used to diagnose rheumatoid arthritis?

Abnormal amounts of serum rheumatoid factors Signup and view all the answers

At what age range is the peak incidence of rheumatoid arthritis most significant?

Ages 40-60 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the disease process of rheumatoid arthritis?

Inflammatory, characterized by synovitis Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Range of Motion

Cervical spine flexion, extension, lateral flexion ranges from 0-45°; rotation is 0-60°.
Thoracic and lumbar spine flexion range is 0-80°, extension is 0-30°, and lateral flexion is 0-40°; rotation is 0-45°.
Normal shoulder flexion is 0-170°, extension 0-60°, while abduction is also 0-170°; internal rotation reaches 0-70°.
Elbow flexion ranges from 0-135/150°; supination and pronation both range from 0-80/90°.
Wrist flexion is 0-80°; ulnar deviation is 0-30° while radial deviation is 0-20°.
Thumb movements include DIP flexion at 0-80/90° and MP flexion at 0-50°; opposition does not have a defined value.
Finger MP flexion can reach 0-90°; DIP flexion is 0-80°; abduction is 0-25°.
Hip flexion range extends to 0-120°; internal and external rotation are both 0-45°.
Knee flexion can reach up to 0-135°.
Ankle plantar flexion is 0-50°; inversion reaches 0-35° while eversion can extend to 0-20°.

Abnormal/Pathologic End-feels

Soft end-feel occurs too early in ROM; can indicate conditions like soft tissue edema or synovitis.
Firm end-feel also occurs in an unusual time frame or joint pattern, indicating potential neurological issues.

Spasticity & Muscle Tone

Spasticity grades range from mild, where reflex occurs at muscle end-range, to severe, where reflex occurs at shortened muscle range.
The Modified Ashworth Scale grades muscle tone from no increase to rigidity in flexion or extension.

Muscle Bulk and Edema

Atrophy assessment involves measuring muscle circumference; significant edema is quantified via volumeter with >25ml change in displacement.

Deep Tendon Reflexes

Reflexes graded as areflexive, normoreflexive, hyporeflexive, hyperreflexive, and clonus.

Hand Function

Grip and Pinch Strength

Grip strength for males is max 30 kg; for females, it is 20 kg. Grading follows set ranges down to 0.
Pinch strength for males ranges from 4-6 kg; for females, it starts at 2.4 kg upwards.

Prehension Patterns

Gross prehension includes spherical, cylindrical, and hook patterns.
Fine prehension involves tip-to-tip, pad-to-pad, and palmar prehension/three-jaw chuck patterns.

Dexterity

Eye-hand coordination stabilizes proximal arms while distal arms move.
Arm-hand coordination involves moving proximal arms while distal arms stabilize.
Bilateral coordination uses both arms simultaneously.

Sensation

Protective and Discriminative Sensations

Protopathic sensations include pain and temperature.
Epicritic sensations encompass sharp/dull perception and two-point discrimination.

Visual-Perceptual Deficits

Deficits include kinesthesia, proprioception, body scheme, and right/left discrimination.
Apraxia can manifest in various forms, affecting actions, functions, and movements related to tool use.

Stroke & Aphasia

Classification of aphasia covers naming, comprehension, fluency, and repetition functionality, with global aphasia being the most severe.

Motor Recovery Stages

Brunnstrom stages detail recovery from flaccidity to well-coordinated movements as spasticity decreases.

Glasgow Coma Scale

Scales for eye, verbal, and motor responses categorize levels of consciousness from spontaneous eye opening to absent response.

Spinal Cord Injury & Dermatome/Myo distribution

Dermatomes map sensory areas, while myotomes correlate to specific muscle functions.

ASIA Impairment Scale

Grades A to E define functional level from complete loss of sensation/motor control to normal function.

Burns Classification

Burns are classified by degree from first (superficial with slight redness) to second degree (bright red, blistering, extremely painful) with varying healing times.

Osteoarthritis vs. Rheumatoid Arthritis

OA is a non-inflammatory degenerative condition affecting predominantly older adults; RA is an inflammatory autoimmune disorder with systemic features, significant swelling, and joint involvement.
Morning stiffness lasts less than 30 minutes in OA and exceeds one hour in RA.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the normal ranges of motion for various joints in the upper extremities and spine. The quiz covers crucial movements including flexion, extension, lateral flexion, and rotation for the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine as well as the shoulder. Assess your understanding of joint mobility and its clinical implications.