Ramelteon and Circadian Rhythms
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Questions and Answers

What is the mechanism of action of ramelteon?

  • GABAergic neurotransmission enhancer
  • Dual orexin receptor antagonist
  • Melatonin receptor agonist (correct)
  • Melatonin receptor antagonist

Which peptide is involved in the control of wakefulness and targeted by suvorexant?

  • Dopamine C
  • Orexin B (correct)
  • Serotonin D
  • Melatonin A

Which neurotransmission does ramelteon not directly affect?

  • Cholinergic
  • GABAergic (correct)
  • Dopaminergic
  • Serotonergic

What is the primary indication for ramelteon?

<p>Insomnia characterized by difficulty in sleep-onset (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of circadian rhythm disturbances is ramelteon effective for treating?

<p>Jet lag or work-shift sleep disorder (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a side effect of ramelteon?

<p>Nightmares (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the teratogenicity category for most barbiturates?

<p>Category D (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which benzodiazepine antagonist has a short half-life due to rapid hepatic clearance?

<p>Flumazenil (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of teratogenicity, what category are Ramelteon, Zaleplon, and Zolpidem classified under?

<p>Category C (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drugs can enhance CNS depression when used concomitantly with sedative-hypnotics?

<p>Antihypertensive agents (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main MOA of Flumazenil when used as an antagonist?

<p>High affinity to benzodiazepine receptors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug class does Flumazenil specifically block the effects of?

<p>Benzodiazepines (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is the active S enantiomer of zopiclone with a longer half-life and causes less amnesia or day-after somnolence?

<p>Eszopiclone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main indication for Eszopiclone?

<p>Long-term management of insomnia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug class does Zolpidem belong to?

<p>Hypnotics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Ramelteon?

<p>Acts on MT1 receptors to promote sleep onset (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is part of the withdrawal syndrome associated with Zolpidem?

<p>Confusion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the brain, what role do Melatonin and Orexin play in regulating sleep?

<p>Melatonin promotes sleep onset while Orexin shifts circadian rhythms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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