Radiology for Dentists Exam

<p>sialolith, exostosis, enostosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In case of stones within the duct, there will be filling defect distal to the site of obstruction. There can also be dilatation of the duct proximal to the obstruction. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>patient with hyperthyroidism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>an x-ray beam with a cone-shaped is moved around the patient to produce a large amount of images. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>heart pacemaker is a contraindication for MRI (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Arthrography may reveal soft tissue changes not visualized in conventional radiographs, such as fibrosis, alteration in the structure of the disk, scarring and fibrosis of the capsule following trauma, and as part of evaluation after TMJ surgery. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>the advantage of this method lies in ability to be used in patients who cannot open the mouth or when the opening is restricted (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>an imaging technique to visualize oral structures taken by placing film in oral cavity while an Xray source is outside oral cavity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>is an imaging technique, which uses the central x-ray beam directed perpendicular to an imaginary bisector that bisects the angle formed by the long axis of the tooth and the film (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>This technique requires more exposure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>periapical view, bitewing view, occlusal view (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>is an image that depicts the maxillary and mandibular crowns of the teeth, providing a clear image of the interproximal surfaces of the teeth and allowing for detection of interproximal caries. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The indication for using occlusal projection is to study maxillary and mandibular arches. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>radiolucent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>cervical burnout might radiographically resemble dental caries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>an important factor helping in the diagnosis of periodontal disease is the radiographic relationship of cementoenamel junction (CEJ) with the crest of the alveolus. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The radiographic features of fracture of the jaws is a fracture line which radiographically appears as a radioopaque line. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Radiographically cysts appear as radiolucent. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>degenerative joint disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is a contrast media usually administered intravenously. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Destructive bone cancer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lower limb pain after exertion, and later also at rest (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Organo-specific and non-specific gadolinium contrast agents (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wilhelm Conrad X-ray (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Positive allergic history for iodine preparations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cholecystolithiasis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Convex probe (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ability of USG waves to penetrate and reflect tissue structures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Is carried out as a method of choice because it is highly safe (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Radiopaque refers to structures that appear white on a radiograph because they absorb more X-rays. This is typically due to denser materials like bone or calcifications.

The inverted 'Y' shaped configuration in radiography is an anatomical landmark formed by the intersection of the anterior border of the maxillary sinus and the lateral wall of the nasal fossa. It is usually seen in the canine or premolar region.

Osteomyelitis, an infection of the bone, typically appears as a radiolucency (dark area) with ill-defined borders on a radiograph. It indicates bone destruction.

Structures like sialoliths (salivary stones), exostosis (bone growths on the surface), and enostosis (bone growths within the bone) appear radiopaque (white) on a radiograph. They reflect more X-rays.

Sialography is a medical imaging technique that uses a contrast agent to visualize the salivary ducts. It is helpful in detecting abnormalities in the ducts, such as obstructions or inflammation.

A CT scan with contrast agent is contraindicated in pregnant patients due to the potential risks to the fetus. It's also not ideal in patients with hyperthyroidism, as iodine contrast can worsen their condition.

Dental cone beam imaging uses a cone-shaped X-ray beam that rotates around the patient, generating a 3D image of the teeth, jaws, and surrounding structures. It's useful for detailed dental work, implant planning, and orthodontics.

A heart pacemaker is a contraindication for MRI because the strong magnetic field can interfere with the pacemaker's functioning. It's important to check for any metallic implants before an MRI.

In T1-weighted MRI, fat appears bright (white), while water appears dark (black). In the brain, white matter appears lighter than gray matter.

Arthrography is a medical imaging technique that involves injecting contrast agents into a joint space to visualize its structures on X-rays. It helps diagnose problems like soft-tissue injuries, cartilage damage, or infections.

Panoramic radiography captures a wide view of the entire mouth, including all teeth and jawbones, on a single image. It's useful for detecting overall dental problems.

Intraoral radiography uses film placed inside the mouth to image the teeth and surrounding bone. Different techniques like paralleling and bisecting angle are used for specific views.

The paralleling technique in intraoral radiography uses a film placed parallel to the long axis of the tooth and a central X-ray beam directed perpendicular to the film. It minimizes distortion.

The bisecting angle technique in intraoral radiography uses a film placed close to the tooth and an X-ray beam directed perpendicular to an imaginary bisector of the angle formed by the tooth and the film. It requires more exposure.

The three basic views of intraoral radiography are periapical (captures the tooth and its surrounding bone), bitewing (shows crowns and interproximal surfaces), and occlusal (shows the entire arch).

A bitewing radiograph captures an image of the maxillary and mandibular crowns, highlighting the interproximate surfaces of the teeth. It's crucial in diagnosing interproximal caries.

An occlusal projection in intraoral radiography is an image that shows the entire maxillary or mandibular arch. It's useful for studying the overall structure of the jaw and its teeth.

Dental caries (tooth decay) typically appears as a radiolucent area (dark area) on a radiograph. It indicates the breakdown of tooth enamel.

Cervical burnout is a radiographic phenomenon that can mimic dental caries. It occurs when the cervical (neck) area of the tooth appears radiolucent due to the thinning of the enamel. It's important to differentiate it from actual decay.

Periodontal diseases are characterized by bone loss around the teeth. On radiographs, they appear as changes in the relationship between the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) and the crest of the alveolus (bone supporting the tooth).

Tooth luxation (dislocation) appears as a widened periapical ligament space on a radiograph, particularly evident on occlusal projections. It indicates separation of the tooth from its socket.

Fractures of the jaws appear as a radiolucent line (dark line) on a radiograph. This line indicates the break in the continuity of the bone.

Cysts are fluid-filled sacs that appear as radiolucent areas (dark) on a radiograph. This is because they are less dense than surrounding bone tissue. The shape and location can help identify specific types of cysts.

Ameloblastoma, a benign tumor of the jaw, typically appears as a multilocular (many compartments) radiolucent lesion on a radiograph. The pattern can resemble a honeycomb or soap bubbles.

Degenerative joint disease (arthritis) of the TMJ shows several radiographic features: narrowing of the joint space, irregular joint space, subchondral sclerosis (increased bone density), cyst-like areas, and osteophytes (bone spurs).

Barium sulfate suspension is a contrast agent used to improve the visualization of the gastrointestinal tract (esophagus, stomach, and intestines) on X-rays. It is administered orally or rectally.