Radiation Therapy and Cancer Treatment

What is Trastuzumab primarily used to treat?

Gynecological Malignancies
HER2+ Breast Cancer (correct)
Prostate Cancer
HER2- Breast Cancer

What type of radiation therapy delivers radiation from a megavoltage treatment machine?

Teletherapy (correct)
Linear Accelerator Therapy
Cyclotron Therapy
Brachytherapy

What is the purpose of brachytherapy in cancer treatment?

To deliver high doses of radiation to nearby normal tissues
To deliver low doses of radiation to the tumour
To deliver radiation to the entire body
To deliver high doses of radiation directly to the tumour (correct)

What is the difference between permanent and temporary implants in brachytherapy?

Permanent implants are left in the body, while temporary implants are removed after treatment (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of brachytherapy over external beam radiation?

It reduces the risk of radiation exposure to nearby normal tissues (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of careful titration of medication?

Improving the likelihood of receiving the correct proportion of medication (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary goal of creating a therapeutic relationship with patients facing terminal illness?

To make them feel safe in exploring their fears and questions (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why may patients not receive adequate medication for symptom management at the end of life?

Misunderstanding of opioids by patients, families, and healthcare providers (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consideration in determining the suitability of brachytherapy for a patient?

The radiation dose tolerance of nearby normal tissues (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common concern for patients regarding end-of-life care?

How much control they will have over decisions about care (D) Signup and view all the answers

What should a terminally ill patient not be concerned about during treatment?

Physical dependence on medication (B) Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for overseeing health services, including organ donation, in Canada?

Provincial and territorial governments (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of an advance care plan?

To ensure the patient's wishes are known when they can no longer give direction (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a fundamental principle underlying advance care planning in Canada?

The patient's right to self-determination (C) Signup and view all the answers

Who can consent to organ and tissue donation?

All people 16 years of age or older who are competent (A) Signup and view all the answers

Who can donate organs?

Only patients who have sustained a nonrecoverable injury and are on life support (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is unique to each province and territory in Canada regarding advance care planning?

The legislation outlining advance care planning (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of advance care planning?

The patient's wishes for future health and personal care (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for advising patients about methadone?

To inform them about its high risk for abuse and addiction (A) Signup and view all the answers

What should the patient be assessed for before receiving methadone?

History of structural heart disease, arrhythmias, and syncope (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for nabilone?

Anxiety, pain, and antiemetic (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the antidote for rubinol?

Neostigmine (D) Signup and view all the answers

What should the patient be cautioned about when taking methadone?

Ambulating to avoid falls (A) Signup and view all the answers

What should the patient do if they miss a dose of their medication?

Take the missed dose unless it is close to the next dose (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of spread of prostate cancer to the pelvic bones, head of the femur, lower lumbar spine, liver, and lungs?

Veins from the prostate (B) Signup and view all the answers

At what age does the incidence of prostate cancer rise?

50 or higher (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated number of new cases of prostate cancer diagnosed in Canada in 2017?

21 300 new cases (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary screening tool for prostate cancer?

Digital rectal examination (DRE) (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a risk factor for prostate cancer?

Long-term exposure to high levels of testosterone DHT (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the demographic group that has a higher risk of developing prostate cancer?

Men of African ancestry (A) Signup and view all the answers